ABSTRACT
The profile of endophytic bacteria in groundnut and their potential contribution to the reduction of drought stress are incompletely understood. Therefore, the current study is concentrated on examining the groundnut-culturable endophytic bacterial diversity, which has practical implications for reducing drought stress. Polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) was used to identify the osmotic stress-tolerant bacterial isolates, and 51 strains were selected based on their tolerance. Fourteen potential bacterial strains with drought alleviation capacity and plant growth-promoting properties were selected and their identity was confirmed using 16S rRNA analysis. These isolates were positive for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, ammonia, minerals solubilization, and indole acetic acid. When applied to the groundnut seeds under water deficit conditions, the bacterial consortium (A. deltaense AMT1/Rhizobium sp. (N-Fixer) Caballeronia zhejiangensis BPT9 (PSB), Burkholderia dolosa BPT8 (KRB), and Bacillus safensis BPT6 (Drought-Mitigating Isolate)) increased the peanut germination by 91%. Soil application improved the aggregate formation. Further testing was carried out in the pot culture, where bacterial consortium improved the shoot length, root length, relative water content, chlorophyll content, nodule number, oil content, and kernel yield at 75% Water Holding capacity (WHC). Moreover, the treatment with bacterial consortia further stimulated the drought-protective mechanisms and resulted in higher efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium uptake, electrolytes leakage, and soil enzymes such as dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase at 75% WHC. Microbial consortia inoculation controlled groundnut water absorption, photosynthetic performance, and stress metabolites, reducing drought-induced damage; hence, it is believed that endophytes have potential application in the improvement of yields of crops.
Subject(s)
Droughts , Soil , Arachis , Bacteria/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , WaterABSTRACT
In this study, the supercapacitor performance of the hydrothermal synthesized molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets and the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted MoS2 nanoflower morphology have been investigated. The as-synthesized MoS2 nanoflower and nanosheet morphology structures were investigated via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the internal microstructure was examined via high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) technique. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were obtained to identify the chemical interaction and the functional groups present in the material. The shifting of the binding energy, oxidation states, and elemental identification were conducted by X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS). The MoS2 nanoflower possesses surface defects, which produce numerous active sites. The MoS2 nanoflower and nanosheet electrodes demonstrate the high specific capacitance (C sp) values of 516 F g-1 and 438 F g-1, respectively, at a current density of 1 A g-1. However, the MoS2 nanoflower shows high C sp due to the large surface area with active edges, making them store more energy in the electrode.
ABSTRACT
The work demonstrates tin oxide quantum dots/graphene oxide/polypyrrole (SnO2QDs/GO/PPY) ternary composite deposited on titanium foil as a positive electrode and graphene oxide (GO)/charcoal on titanium foil as negative electrode separated by polyvinyl alcohol/potassium hydroxide (PVA/KOH) gel-electrolyte as a solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor for high energy storage applications. Here, tin oxide quantum dots (SnO2QDs) were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal technique, and SnO2QDs/GO/PPY ternary composite was synthesized by an in situ method with pyrrole monomer, SnO2, and GO. A pH value controlled, which maintained the uniform size of SnO2QDs dispersed on PPY, through GO ternary composite was used for fabricating the asymmetric supercapacitor electrode with the configuration (SnO2QDs/GO/PPY)/GO/charcoal (85 : 10 : 5). The device achieved the highest specific capacitance of 1296 F g-1, exhibited an energy density of 29.6 W h kg-1 and the highest power density of 5310.26 W kg-1 in the operating voltage from 0 to 1.2 V. The device also possessed excellent reliability and retained the capacitance of 90% after 11 000 GCD cycles. This ternary composite is a prominent material for potential applications in next-generation energy storage and portable electronic devices.
