ABSTRACT
A stability-indicating reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric method was developed and validated for the assay of metaxalone through forced degradation under acidic, alkaline, photo, oxidative and peroxide stress conditions. Separation of degradation products was accomplished on a reverse-phase Phenomenex C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column thermostated at 25 °C using 10 mM aqueous ammonium acetate: methanol (35:65 v/v) as mobile phase in an isocratic mode of elution. The eluents were detected at 275 nm by photo diode array detector and mass detectors connected in series. Two unknown base hydrolysis products of metaxalone were identified and characterized as (a) methyl 3-(3,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2-hydroxypropylcarbamate and (b) 1-(3,5-dimethylphenoxy)-3-aminopropan-2-ol by MS, (1)H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and metaxalone was selectively determined in presence of its degradation impurities, demonstrating its stability-indicating nature.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, Liquid/methods , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Oxazolidinones/analysis , Oxazolidinones/chemistry , Drug Contamination , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Limit of Detection , Linear Models , Oxazolidinones/isolation & purification , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
A validated stability indicating RP-HPLC assay of doxofylline was developed by separating its related substances and degradants on LichrocartC18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm; 5 µm) column using 10 mM ammonium acetate and acetonitrile as a mobile phase in a gradient mode of elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 30 °C. The column effluents were monitored by a photo diode array detector set at 274 nm. The method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision and linearity as per ICH guidelines. The limits of quantification of doxofylline and impurities were obtained in the range of 0.19-0.36 µg/mL. Forced degradation of doxofylline was carried out under acidic, basic, thermal, photo, peroxide conditions and the degradation products were isolated and characterized by ESI-MS/MS, (1)H and (13)C spectroscopy. The method was successfully applied not only to quantify related substances and degradation products but also assay of doxofylline in bulk drugs. The recoveries of doxofylline and impurities were in the range of 99.00-100.05% and 97.83-99.86% respectively.
Subject(s)
Bronchodilator Agents/analysis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods , Theophylline/analogs & derivatives , Carbon Isotopes , Limit of Detection , Protons , Reproducibility of Results , Theophylline/analysisABSTRACT
A rapid and highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for determination of doxofylline on rat dried blood spots and urine was developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a reverse phase C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm), using 20 mM ammonium acetate (pH adjusted to 3.5 with trifluoroacetic acid) and acetonitrile (75:25 v/v) as a mobile phase at 25 °C. LC-MS detection was performed with selective ion monitoring using target ions at m/z 267 and m/z 195 for doxofylline and caffeine used as internal standard respectively. The calibration curve showed a good linearity in the concentration range of 1-5000 ng/mL. The effect of hematocrit on extraction of doxofylline from DBS was evaluated. The mean recoveries of doxofylline from DBS and urine were 93.46 and 89.86% respectively. The intra and inter-day precisions were less than 4.28% in DBS as well as urine. The limit of detection and quantification were 0.24 and 0.84 ng/mL in DBS and 0.28 and 1.00 ng/mL in urine samples respectively. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines and successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of doxofylline in rats.
Subject(s)
Bronchodilator Agents/blood , Chromatography, Liquid/methods , Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods , Theophylline/analogs & derivatives , Animals , Bronchodilator Agents/pharmacokinetics , Limit of Detection , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Reference Standards , Reproducibility of Results , Theophylline/blood , Theophylline/pharmacokineticsABSTRACT
A highly selective, sensitive and rapid hydrophilic liquid interaction chromatographic method was developed and validated for determination of gemifloxacin on dried blood spots. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a reversed-phase zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic ZIC®HILIC-C18 (4.6 × 100 mm; 5 µm) column using acetonitrile-10 mM ammonium acetate (pH 3.5; 80:20, v/v) as a mobile phase in an isocratic elution mode at a flow rate 0.6 mL/min at 27 °C. An on-line fluorescence detector set at excitation and emission wavelengths of 269 and 393 nm, respectively was used for monitoring column eluents. Ciprofloxacin was used as an internal standard. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity and selectivity by design of experiments following ICH guidelines. The assay exhibited a linear range of 25-5000 ng/mL for gemifloxacin on dried blood spots. The lower limit of detection was found to be 10 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation did not exceed 7.4% deviation of the nominal concentration. The recovery of GFX from dried blood spots was >95.0% and its stability was excellent with no evidence of degradation during sample processing for at least 3 months storage in a freezer at -20 °C.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, Liquid/methods , Dried Blood Spot Testing/methods , Fluoroquinolones/blood , Naphthyridines/blood , Animals , Drug Stability , Fluoroquinolones/pharmacokinetics , Gemifloxacin , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions , Linear Models , Male , Naphthyridines/pharmacokinetics , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Spectrometry, FluorescenceABSTRACT
A validated stability indicating RP-HPLC assay of gemifloxacin mesylate was developed by separating its related substances on an Inertsil-ODS3V-C18 (4.6 × 250 mm; 5 µm) column using 0.1% trifluoroaceticacid (pH 2.5) and methanol as a mobile phase in a gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 27°C. The column effluents were monitored by a photodiode array detector set at 287 nm. The method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision and linearity as per ICH guidelines. Forced degradation of gemifloxacin (GFX) was carried out under acidic, basic, thermal, photolysis and peroxide conditions and the degradation products were separated and characterized by ESI-MS/MS, (1) H and (13) C NMR spectroscopy. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of bulk drugs and the recoveries of gemifloxacin and impurities were in the range of 97.60-102.90 and 96.99-102.10%, respectively. No previous reports were found in the literature on identification of degradation products of gemifloxacin.
