Serum cytokine profile during subcutaneous implantation of the decellularized esophagus matrix in rats.

AIM: to study non-specific immune response characteristics (serum cytokine profile) in rats after subcutaneous implantation of the decellularized esophagus matrix. METHODS: Data were obtained in Wistar rats. The rats underwent subcutaneous implantation of decellularized esophagus (DE) and native allogeneic esophagus (NE). Explantation of sampling were carried out on the 7th, 14th and 21st day of the experiment. Explanted NEs and DEs were processed for histologic examination. The content of IL1α, IL2, IL4, IL17А, TNFα, IFNγ and GM-CSF in serum samples were tested by ELISA. RESULTS: In rat serum with DEs on the 7th day of the experiment it was significant increase in IL1α level in comparison with control group, IL2, TNFα, IL4 levels did not differ from the control group levels that indicates the stabilization of inflammation. The content of IL17A, IFNγ and GM-CSF significantly decreased compared to control. On the 14th day, IL17A concentration analysis showed a sharp decrease in comparison with the the 7th experimental day. We found decrease in IL1α level vs control group and decrease in IFNγ level vs 7th day. On the 21st experimental day was shown a significant decrease in the IL17A, IFNγ and IL1α content in DE rats. CONCLUSIONS: It was found dynamic change in studied rat cytokine concentrations that correspond to favourable clinical picture in DE group in comparison with an active inflammatory reaction in NE group. IL1α, IL4, IL17A and IFNγ concentrations reflect positive dynamics of the wound healing process and the absence of local inflammation and rejection of decellularized matrices.

Orthotopic transplantation of a tissue engineered diaphragm in rats.

The currently available surgical options to repair the diaphragm are associated with significant risks of defect recurrence, lack of growth potential and restored functionality. A tissue engineered diaphragm has the potential to improve surgical outcomes for patients with congenital or acquired disorders. Here we show that decellularized diaphragmatic tissue reseeded with bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) facilitates in situ regeneration of functional tissue. A novel bioreactor, using simultaneous perfusion and agitation, was used to rapidly decellularize rat diaphragms. The scaffolds retained architecture and mechanical properties and supported cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Biocompatibility was further confirmed in vitro and in vivo. We replaced 80% of the left hemidiaphragm with reseeded diaphragmatic scaffolds. After three weeks, transplanted animals gained 32% weight, showed myography, spirometry parameters, and histological evaluations similar to native rats. In conclusion, our study suggested that reseeded decellularized diaphragmatic tissue appears to be a promising option for patients in need of diaphragmatic reconstruction.