ABSTRACT
The reported incidence of ischemic heart disease in pregnancy is 2.8 to 6.2 per 100,000 pregnancies. Although additional factors, such as maternal diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, are risk factors for ischemic heart disease, pregnancy itself more than doubles the risk for acute myocardial infarction. Given the increasing clinical importance of ischemic heart disease during pregnancy, this article addresses underlying pathophysiology, risk stratification, screening, and diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, as well as recommendations for management of acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy and the early postpartum period.
Subject(s)
Myocardial Ischemia , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular , Disease Management , Female , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Humans , Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis , Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology , Myocardial Ischemia/therapy , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/therapy , Risk Assessment/methodsABSTRACT
In the current state of interventional cardiology, the ability to offer advanced therapies to patients who historically were not surgical candidates has grown exponentially in the last few decades. As therapies have expanded in complex coronary and structural interventions, the nuances of treating certain populations have emerged. In particular, the role of sex-based anatomic and outcome differences has been increasingly recognized. As guidelines for cardiovascular prevention and treatment for certain conditions may vary by sex, therapeutic interventions in the structural and percutaneous coronary areas may also vary. In this review, we aim to discuss these differences, the current literature available on these topics, and areas of focus for the future.
