Fake review identification and utility evaluation model using machine learning.

Due to the structural growth of e-commerce platforms, the frequency of exchange of opinions and the number of online reviews of platform participants related to products are increasing. However, given the growth of fake reviews, the corresponding growth in the quality of online reviews seems to be slow, at best. The number of cases of harm to retailers and customers caused by malicious false reviews is steadily increasing every year. In this context, it is becoming difficult for users to determine useful reviews amid a flood of information. As a result, the intrinsic value of online reviews that reduce uncertainty in pre-purchase decisions is blurred, and e-commerce platforms are on the verge of losing credibility and traffic. Through this study, we intend to present solutions related to review filtering and classification by constructing a model for judging the authenticity and usefulness of online reviews using machine learning.

RF Coil Setup for 31P MRSI in Tongue Cancer in vivo at 7 T.

Surgery for tongue cancer often results in a major loss in quality of life. While MRI may be used to minimise the volume of excised tissue, often the full tumour extent is missed. This tumour extent may be detected with metabolic imaging. One of the main reasons for the lack of metabolic information on tongue cancer would be the absence of an x-nuclear coil with the tongue as a focus target. Metabolic MRI through 31P MRSI is known as a powerful tool to non-invasively study elevated cell proliferation and disturbed energy metabolism in tumours. Severe magnetic field non-uniformities are inherently caused by the substantial difference in magnetic susceptibilities of tissue and air in the mouth and its environs. Despite this, the wide chemical shift dispersion of 31P could still facilitate precise detection of the cell proliferation biomarkers, phospomonoesters and diesters, as well as energy metabolites ATP, inorganic phosphate, and phosphocreatine potentially mapped over the tongue or tumour in vivo. In this study, we present the first 31P MRSI data of the human tongue in vivo from healthy volunteers and a patient with a tongue tumour at 7 T MRI using a 1H 8-channel transceiver setup placed inside a body 31P transmitter, which is able to get a uniform excitation from the tongue while providing comfortable access to the patient. In addition, a user-friendly external 31P receiver array is used to provide high sensitivity (80%) comparable to an uncomfortable inner mouth loop coil positioned on the tongue. The primary aim is the demonstration of 31P metabolite profiles in the tongue and the differences between healthy and malignant tissue. Indeed, clear elevated cell proliferation expressed as enhanced phosphomonoesters is observed in the tumour vs. the healthy part of the tongue. This can be performed within a total scan duration of 30 min, comparable to clinical scans, with a spatial resolution of 1.5 cm for the 10-min 31P MRSI scan.

Enhanced identification of defective pre-coated paints on metal through simple temperature-perturbed infrared measurement in conjunction with two-trace two-dimensional correlation analysis.

A promising infrared (IR) spectroscopic method able to effectively identify defective pre-coated metal (PCM), a pre-painted metal panel, has been demonstrated. A temperature-perturbed IR measurement in conjunction with a two-trace two-dimensional (2T2D) correlation analysis was proposed as a strategy for enhancing defect identification. Our objectives were to induce dissimilar temperature-driven structural variations of base paints and added components, to recognize dissimilarities by 2T2D correlation analysis, and to use subsequent 2T2D correlation features to identify sample defects. For the exploratory examination, three defect cases were studied: 1) grey-silver PCMs with and without phosphate epoxy (2.0%), 2) normal and violet colorant-contaminated (0.2%) black PCMs, and 3) normal, violet (0.5%), and yellow colorant-contaminated (0.1%) white PCMs. The IR spectral features of the PCMs collected at 20 and 50 °C were different due to the temperature-dependent structural variations. Initial measurements at 50 °C allowed discrimination of normal and violet colorant-contaminated black PCMs. When using 2T2D slice spectra obtained from 2T2D correlation analysis using the spectra measured at the two temperatures, violet- as well as yellow colorant-contaminated white PCMs were identified, while these were unclear in the measurements at either 20 or 50 °C. The effective capture of dissimilar temperature-driven spectral variations of base paint and colorants (contaminants) by 2T2D correlation analysis was responsible for the improved defect identification.

Potentials of truffles in nutritional and medicinal applications: a review.

Truffles, the symbiotic hypogeous edible fungi, have been worldwide regarded as a great delicacy because of their unique flavor and high nutritional value. By identifying their bioactive components such as phenolics, terpenoids, polysaccharides, anandamide, fatty acids, and ergosterols, researchers have paid attention to their biological activities including antitumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. In addition, numerous factors have been investigating that can affect the quality and productivity of truffles to overcome their difficulty in culturing and preserving. To provide the information for their potential applications in medicine as well as in functional food, this review summarizes the relevant literature about the biochemical composition, aromatic and nutritional benefits, and biological properties of truffles. Besides, various factors affecting their productivity and quality as well as the preservation methods are also highlighted.

Inverted-takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a patient with pulmonary embolism.

As the use of early coronary angiography and echocardiography become widely available in the setting of acute coronary syndrome, the gradual increase for variant forms of transient left ventricular (LV) apical ballooning syndrome have been recognized. This syndrome usually occurs in women and is frequently elicited by an intense emotional, psychological, and physical event. While the patients' characteristics between typical and non-typical LV ballooning syndrome seem to differ, the presentation, clinical features, and reversibility of LV wall motion abnormalities are similar. We present a middle-aged woman who experienced inverted takotsubo cardiomyopathy triggered by pulmonary embolism. To the best of our knowledge, this case is particularly unique and is rarely reported in the disease entity.