Miller-Fisher syndrome associated with Campylobacter jejuni bearing lipopolysaccharide molecules that mimic human ganglioside GD3.

A Campylobacter jejuni strain of serotype O:10 was isolated from a patient who had Miller-Fisher syndrome. In its biochemical reactions and cellular morphology, the isolate was characteristic of typical C. jejuni. Antibodies against extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were detected by passive hemagglutination in the acute- and convalescent-phase patient sera. By sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting with the O:10 antiserum, it was demonstrated that the strain possessed both low- and high-molecular-weight molecules. Chemical analysis of the LPS revealed that the core oligosaccharide has a terminal trisaccharide epitope consisting of two molecules of sialic acid linked to galactose, a structure reflecting the terminal region of human ganglioside GD3. As this trisaccharide is also present in LPS cores of serotype O:19 strains from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome but not in cores of nonneuropathic C. jejuni, a possible role for the trisaccharide in the etiology of neuropathies is indicated, and a difference for distinguishing neuropathic strains from nonneuropathic strains may be the presence of a sialyltransferase required for the synthesis of this trisaccharide.

Structures of the glycopeptidolipid antigens from serovars in the Mycobacterium avium/Mycobacterium intracellulare/Mycobacterium scrofulaceum serocomplex.

The 'C-mycosidic' glycopeptidolipid typing antigens from all serovars in the Mycobacterium avium/M. intracellulare/M. scrofulaceum complex have been examined to varying extents. Detailed analysis of those from serovars 8, 9, 16 and 25 show that the antigens consist of short acetylated oligosaccharides linked to a common fattyacyl-peptidyl-O-(3,4-di-O-methylrhamnose) 'core'. The oligosaccharide units, in a form suitable for chemical studies, were liberated as oligosaccharide alditols on treatment of the glycopeptidolipids with alkaline borohydride solution. The alditol in the reduced oligosaccharides from all sources is 6-deoxytalitol. Moreover rhamnose is also always present, indicating that a 'basal' disaccharide, rhamnosyl-6-deoxytalosyl, is always linked to the allo-threonine in the acylpeptide. In addition the oligosaccharides from the glycopeptidolipids of each serovar are distinguished by their own individualistic sugars: 3-O-methylglucose in serovar 8; 2,3-di-O-methylfucose in serovar 9; 2-O-methylfucose in serovar 25; 4-O-methylrhamnose in the oligosaccharide from one of the two glycopeptidolipids in serovar 16 and apparently another rhamnosyl substituent in the other oligosaccharide. The glycopeptidolipid antigens in their structural principals, cellular location and physiological role bear a striking miniscule resemblance to cell wall components of other bacteria such as the O-antigenic and R-antigenic lipopolysaccharides.