ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The Immunomorphological patterns of Lymph Nodes indirectly assess the host immune response facing a malignant tumor. These patterns also help us predict the susceptibility of the patient to Lymph Node Metastasis. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the Immunomorphological patterns of Lymph Nodes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and to correlate them with the histopathological subtype of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, TNM staging and the degree of tumor involvement within the Lymph Nodes. METHODOLOGY: A total of 40 subjects were taken for the study. Individuals who were clinically and histopathologically diagnosed as cases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma, who had undergone Radical or Elective Neck dissection were considered. The excised Lymph Nodes along with the primary tumor were collected stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. The Lymph Nodes were assessed for Metastasis and Immunomorphological patterns. Statistical Correlation was done between the Immunomorphological pattern of Lymph Nodes and (a) Size of the tumor, (b) TNM stage of the tumor, (c) Histopathological Grade of the primary tumor, (d) Metastasis of the Lymph Node and (e) Grade of the Metastasis of Lymph Node. Statistical Correlation was done between the Metastasis of the Lymph Node and (a) Size of the tumor and (b) TNM stage of the tumor. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Statistically, a significant association was observed between TNM staging and Immunomorphological patterns of Lymph Node (P < 0.01). The relationship between histopathological grade of primary tumor of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and the Immunomorphological patterns was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Statistically, a significant association was observed between Sinus Histiocytosis pattern and decreased occurrence of nodal metastasis (P < 0.01).
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Oral cancer is the 12th most common cancer in women and the 6th in men. Of all oral malignancies, more than 92-95% is Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). The high risk was due to Lifestyle-related habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption, chewing of areca nut related products which are considered as the major risk factors in OSCC. The exogenous carcinogens from tobacco smoke may induce a defective DNA damage response, which may alter the expression of genes that protect us against cancer that may result in genomic instability and this DNA damage can be assessed by studying the chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges and the varied forms of the micronucleus. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of development of oral leukoplakia (OLP) and OSCC due to DNA damage by studying micronuclei count in the east coast of Andhra Pradesh population with tobacco consumption habit and habit-free controls using Fluorescent microscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 subjects, 20 normal controls, 20 oral leukoplakia and 20 OSCC patients were selected from the outpatient patients of GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam and peripheral cancer hospitals in and around Visakhapatnam. Exfoliated cells were collected by giving 5-6 gentle strokes with spatula in a continuous unidirectional movement and then were uniformly spread on the previously cleaned microscopic slide. Fluorescent stain 4', 6'-diamidino-2 phenylindole (DAPI) was used for MN analysis. RESULTS: Mean of cells with MN in controls, leukoplakia and OSCC cases was observed to be 1, 5.1,10.1 (F = 112.396, P < 0.001) respectively. Mean of the cells with MN in different grades of leukoplakia. (F = 35.594, P < 0.001) Mean of the cells with MN in different grades of OSCC. (F = 39.752, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The present study revealed an increase in mean frequency of cells with micronucleus from healthy individuals however similar studies in larger sample has to be done. This study concludes that MN index can be used as a screening test among high risk groups.
ABSTRACT
Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma (GCOC) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumour of epithelial origin accounting about 0.37% to 2.1% of all odontogenic tumours. They are characterized by the presence of ameloblastic islands along with ghost cells representing aberrant keratinization. The aim of this case report is to present a rare case that was diagnosed in a 37-year-old male patient and to describe the behavior of the tumour.
ABSTRACT
Malignant odontogenic tumours are rare and represent approximately 1% of all oral malignancies. Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare odontogenic tumour, which is aggressive in nature with extensive local bone destruction that has retained the features of ameloblastic differentiation and also exhibits cytological features of malignancy. It occurs primarily in the mandible in a wide range of age groups. It may arise de-novo or in pre-existing ameloblastoma or odontogenic cyst. The purpose of this report is to present three cases of ameloblastic carcinoma with varying presentations as central and peripheral entities.