Cultivo condral in vitro bajo estímulos de compresión y cizallamiento. De las células troncales mesenquimales al cartílago hialino / In vitro chondral culture under compression and shear stimuli. From mesenchymal stem cells to hyaline cartilage

INTRODUCCIÓN: La creación in vitro de cartílago hialino articular supone un reto, ya que, a día de hoy, no se ha conseguido la síntesis ex vivo de un tejido estructurado con las mismas propiedades biomecánicas e histológicas del cartílago articular. Para simular las condiciones fisiológicas hemos diseñado un sistema de cultivo in vitro que reproduce el movimiento articular. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Hemos desarrollado un biorreactor de cultivo celular que imprime un estímulo mecánico sobre una matriz de elastina en la que están embebidas células troncales mesenquimales (MSC). La primera fase de estudio corresponde al desarrollo de un biorreactor para cultivo de cartílago hialino y la comprobación de la viabilidad celular en la matriz de elastina en ausencia de estímulo. La segunda fase del estudio engloba el cultivo de MSC bajo estímulo mecánico y el análisis del tejido resultante. RESULTADOS: Tras el cultivo bajo estímulo mecánico no obtuvimos tejido hialino por falta de celularidad y desestructuración de la matriz. CONCLUSIÓN: El patrón de estímulo utilizado no ha resultado efectivo para la generación de cartílago hialino, por lo que se deberán explorar otras combinaciones en futuras investigaciones

INTRODUCTION: The in vitro creation of hyaline joint cartilage is a challenge since, to date, the ex vivo synthesis of a structured tissue with the same biomechanical and histological properties of the joint cartilage has not been achieved. To simulate the physiological conditions we have designed an in vitro culture system that reproduces joint movement. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We have developed a cell culture bioreactor that prints a mechanical stimulus on an elastin matrix, in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are embedded. The first phase of study corresponds to the development of a bioreactor for hyaline cartilage culture and the verification of cell viability in the elastin matrix in the absence of stimulus. The second phase of the study includes the MSC culture under mechanical stimulus and the analysis of the resulting tissue. RESULTS: After culture under mechanical stimulation we did not obtain hyaline tissue due to lack of cellularity and matrix destructuring. CONCLUSION: The stimulus pattern used has not been effective in generating hyaline cartilage, so other combinations should be explored in future research

In vitro chondral culture under compression and shear stimuli. From mesenchymal stem cells to hyaline cartilage. / Cultivo condral in vitro bajo estímulos de compresión y cizallamiento. De las células troncales mesenquimales al cartílago hialino.

INTRODUCTION: The in vitro creation of hyaline joint cartilage is a challenge since, to date, the ex vivo synthesis of a structured tissue with the same biomechanical and histological properties of the joint cartilage has not been achieved. To simulate the physiological conditions we have designed an in vitro culture system that reproduces joint movement. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We have developed a cell culture bioreactor that prints a mechanical stimulus on an elastin matrix, in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are embedded. The first phase of study corresponds to the development of a bioreactor for hyaline cartilage culture and the verification of cell viability in the elastin matrix in the absence of stimulus. The second phase of the study includes the MSC culture under mechanical stimulus and the analysis of the resulting tissue. RESULTS: After culture under mechanical stimulation we did not obtain hyaline tissue due to lack of cellularity and matrix destructuring. CONCLUSION: The stimulus pattern used has not been effective in generating hyaline cartilage, so other combinations should be explored in future research.