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1.
Clin Exp Immunol ; 165(2): 148-54, 2011 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21623768

ABSTRACT

A prevalent T helper type 1 (Th1) subset of lymphocytes has been described in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), but whether a similar polarization may characterize HT when associated with non-endocrine autoimmune disorders (NEAD) is not known. The aim of the present study was to analyse the intracellular Th1 and Th2 distinctive cytokines in patients with isolated HT or associated with non-endocrine autoimmune disorders. Intracellular cytokine expression was assessed in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 68 out-patients (females = 55; males = 13; median age = 6 years) with HT : 33 had isolated HT and 35 had a concurrent NEAD. The percentage of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 Th1- and IL-4 Th2-positive cells was measured by flow cytometric analysis. We found an increased percentage of IL-2-positive cells in all patients, without differences between patients with isolated HT or associated with NEAD. IFN-γ(+) cells were also increased in both groups, but the median percentage of those with isolated HT was lower than in patients with HT+NEAD (19·0 versus 29·9%; P = 0·0082). An increased number of IL-4-positive cells was observed in three of 33 (9·1%) patients with isolated HT and in 25 of 35 patients with NEAD [71%; P < 0·0001; relative risk (RR) = 3·18]. The median values of IL-4(+) cells (HT = 5·0% versus HT + NEAD = 16·8%) confirmed this large difference (P < 0·0001). A clear-cut increase of IL-4(+) lymphocytes characterizes patients with autoimmune thyroiditis who have associated non-endocrine autoimmune disorders. These findings may represent an initial tool to detect patients with autoimmune thyroiditis in which additional non-endocrine autoimmune disorders may be awaited.


Subject(s)
Autoimmune Diseases/complications , Autoimmune Diseases/diagnosis , Hashimoto Disease/diagnosis , Hashimoto Disease/immunology , Interleukin-4/analysis , Th2 Cells/immunology , Adult , Cytokines/blood , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Flow Cytometry , Hashimoto Disease/complications , Humans , Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis , Interleukin-2/analysis , Lymphocyte Count , Male , Middle Aged , Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune/complications , Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune/diagnosis , Th1 Cells/immunology
2.
Horm Metab Res ; 35(8): 498-501, 2003 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12953168

ABSTRACT

Hyper- and hypothyroidism have significant effects on the female reproductive system. However, little in the way of data is available on the relationship between ovarian paracrine control and thyroid function. This study was aimed at characterising the serum levels of inhibin B in relation to altered thyroid function. Serum inhibin B and FSH levels were measured in 91 women (51 regularly cycling and 40 postmenopausal). The mean serum concentration of inhibin B in euthyroid cycling women (0.025 +/- 0.018 microg/l) was similar to that observed in hyper- and hypothyroid patients (0.022 +/- 0.015 and 0.018 +/- 0.014 microg/l, respectively, p=ns). Inhibin B levels were obviously reduced (-72%) in euthyroid postmenopausal women. In contrast, in hyper- and hypothyroid postmenopausal women, inhibin B levels remained substantially at the premenopausal level. So far, serum inhibin B appeared to be significantly increased in both hyperthyroid patients (0.025 +/- 0.014 microg/l; p<0.0001) and in hypothyroid patients (0.016 +/- 0.006 microg/l; p=0.0006). Altered thyroid function did not affect FSH levels at fertile age. However, a significant decrease of FSH levels was observed in hyper- and hypothyroid (-52% and -43%, respectively) postmenopausal women. Nevertheless, these FSH levels remained in the postmenopausal range. These results indicate that an altered thyroid function affects serum inhibin B levels in postmenopausal women.


Subject(s)
Hyperthyroidism/physiopathology , Hypothyroidism/physiopathology , Inhibins/blood , Postmenopause/blood , Thyroid Gland/physiopathology , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Female , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Humans , Menstrual Cycle/blood , Middle Aged , Osmolar Concentration , Thyroid Function Tests
4.
5.
Int J Biol Markers ; 10(2): 67-74, 1995.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7561241

ABSTRACT

Host development of human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) in response to administered antibodies has been reported as a problem for antibody imaging and therapy. However, radioimmunotherapy has been shown to be effective in patients with B-cell malignancies because their immunodeficient state precludes or delays development of a HAMA response to mouse antibodies. Baseline HAMA activity was assayed in 60 patients with B-lymphocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia and sequentially in 43 patients who were subsequently treated with radiolabeled Lym-1 antibody. Pre-existing "HAMA" activity was found in 3 (5%) of the 60 patients screened for treatment consideration. The incidence of development of HAMA in the 43 patients treated with multiple doses of radiolabeled Lym-1 antibody was 12 (28%). There was no evidence for an anaphylactoid or related response in the HAMA positive patients. HAMA activity interrupted therapy in 14% of the patients (6 of 43) but did not preclude therapeutic responses to radiolabeled Lym-1 therapy. Medial survival for the HAMA positive patients was longer (18 months) than for those who did not develop HAMA activity (9 months).


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/biosynthesis , Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology , Antibodies, Neoplasm/immunology , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology , Lymphoma, B-Cell/immunology , Mice/immunology , Radioimmunotherapy/adverse effects , Adult , Aged , Animals , Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/immunology , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Neoplasm/therapeutic use , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , Female , Humans , Immunization , Iodine Radioisotopes/administration & dosage , Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/mortality , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/radiotherapy , Lymphoma, B-Cell/mortality , Lymphoma, B-Cell/radiotherapy , Male , Middle Aged , Species Specificity , Survival Analysis , Treatment Outcome
9.
Int J Biol Markers ; 3(1): 1-9, 1988.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3249042

ABSTRACT

In patients or mice with cancer the pharmacokinetic behavior of radioiodinated and radiometal chelated antibodies has been observed to be different. Rapid clearance from the tissues and excretion into the urine can occur after injection of radioiodinated antibodies. These observations have been interpreted to reflect in vivo dehalogenation of the antibody. This publication describes a variety of other mechanisms that can underlie these phenomena. These mechanisms include receptor uptake and catabolism of antibody and instability of the labeled antibody due to the labeling conditions. Specifically, the relative masses of chloramine-T and antibody in the iodination reaction mixture, the level of iodination of the antibody, and the amount of antibody administered to the recipient are all factors which can influence the clearance of radioiodinated antibody from the recipient. The final determinant for the different behavior of radioiodinated and In-111 metal chelated antibody relate to the different biologic pathways of indium when compared to iodine.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/urine , Iodine Radioisotopes/urine , Isotope Labeling/methods , Tosyl Compounds , Animals , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Chloramines/pharmacology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate , Humans , Lymphoma/urine , Mice , Tissue Distribution
10.
Science ; 234(4773): 187-9, 1986 Oct 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17746478

ABSTRACT

An orbiting spacecraft and ground observatories have been used to obtain interferometric observations of cosmic radio sources. The Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) was used as the orbiting observatory in conjunction with two 64- meter radio telescopes at ground observatories, one in Australia and one in Japan. The quasars 1730-130 (NRAO 530), 1510-089, and 1741-038 were observed at a frequency of 2.3 gigahertz, and a maximum projected baseline of 1.4 earth diameters was achieved. All quasar observations for which valid data were acquired resulted in detected fringes. Many of the techniques proposed for a dedicated very long baseline interferometry observatory in space were used successfully in this experiment.

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