ABSTRACT
Critical thermal limits (CTLs) constrain the performance of organisms, shaping their abundance, current distributions, and future distributions. Consequently, CTLs may also determine the quality of ecosystem services as well as organismal and ecosystem vulnerability to climate change. As some of the most ubiquitous animals in terrestrial ecosystems, ants are important members of ecological communities. In recent years, an increasing body of research has explored ant physiological thermal limits. However, these CTL data tend to centre on a few species and biogeographical regions. To encourage an expansion of perspectives, we herein review the factors that determine ant CTLs and examine their effects on present and future species distributions and ecosystem processes. Special emphasis is placed on the implications of CTLs for safeguarding ant diversity and ant-mediated ecosystem services in the future. First, we compile, quantify, and categorise studies on ant CTLs based on study taxon, biogeographical region, methodology, and study question. Second, we use this comprehensive database to analyse the abiotic and biotic factors shaping ant CTLs. Our results highlight how CTLs may affect future distribution patterns and ecological performance in ants. Additionally, we identify the greatest remaining gaps in knowledge and create a research roadmap to promote rapid advances in this field of study.
Subject(s)
Ants , Animals , Ants/physiology , Climate Change , EcosystemABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The primary treatment for locally advanced cases of cervical cancer is chemoradiation followed by high-dose brachytherapy. When this treatment fails, pelvic exenteration (PE) is an option in some cases. This study aimed to develop recommendations for the best management of patients with cervical cancer undergoing salvage PE. METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to all members of the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology. Of them, 68 surgeons participated in the study and were divided into 10 working groups. A literature review of studies retrieved from the National Library of Medicine database was carried out on topics chosen by the participants. These topics were indications for curative and palliative PE, preoperative and intraoperative evaluation of tumor resectability, access routes and surgical techniques, PE classification, urinary, vaginal, intestinal, and pelvic floor reconstructions, and postoperative follow-up. To define the level of evidence and strength of each recommendation, an adapted version of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Health Service rating system was used. RESULTS: Most conducts and management strategies reviewed were strongly recommended by the participants. CONCLUSIONS: Guidelines outlining strategies for PE in the treatment of persistent or relapsed cervical cancer were developed and are based on the best evidence available in the literature.
Subject(s)
Pelvic Exenteration/standards , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery , Anastomosis, Surgical , Brazil , Colostomy/methods , Diagnostic Imaging , Drainage , Female , Humans , Laparoscopy , Lymph Node Excision , Nutrition Assessment , Ostomy , Palliative Care , Pelvic Floor/surgery , Peritoneal Lavage , Postoperative Care , Preoperative Care , Societies, Medical , Surgical Flaps , Urinary Catheters , Urinary Reservoirs, Continent , Vagina/surgery , Video RecordingABSTRACT
This article is a case report of a high grade, radio-induced, breast malignant fibrous histiocytoma (undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma), which developed in a 44-year old female, seven years after breast conservative surgery and radiotherapy for a T1N0M0 invasive left breast ductal carcinoma. The sarcoma presented as a fast growing tumour, 9.5 cm in the largest diameter, with skin, left breast, chest wall muscle and rib invasion. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed with epirubicin and ifosfamide. Extended radical surgery according to oncological standards and soft tissue reconstruction were carried out. Despite bad prognostic features of high grade and large invasive sarcoma, the patient is currently, after 44 months of follow up, without local recurrence, or metastases, exceeding the 12.8-month mean recurrence period and mortality rate for these tumours larger than 8.1 cm (+/- 1.2 cm) as described in the literature.
ABSTRACT
The authors describe a case of esophageal leiomyosarcoma treated at the Abdominopelvic Surgery Department of the Brazilian National Cancer Institute, including literature review, addressing treatment and prognosis. A 45 year-old female patient complaining of dysphagia, with pre-operative exams sugestive of esophageal leiomyoma. She was submitted to an esophagusgastrectomy with digestive reconstitution using a gastric tube brought through the posterior mediastinum. The histopathological examination and immunohistochemical tests confirmed that the tumor was an esophageal leiomyosarcoma. She is at the 7th year of follow up with no recurrence nor digestive complains.
ABSTRACT
Avaliaçäo sobre o manejo de agrotóxicos nos municípios de Jaguaquara, Itiruçu, Itaquara, pelo hortigranjeiro e cafeeiro de grande porte no Estado da Bahia. Análise parcial dos níveis de atividade de acetil colinesterase em 250 (duzentos e cinquenta) trabalhadores rurais expostos a praguicidas. Utilizou-se o sistema analítico marca Lovibond, Mod. AF 267, em conjunto portátil, que permite avaliar a atividade no sangue, em quatro faixas, ou seja, de 75 - 100% do normal, 50 a 75% do normal, 25 a 50% do normal e zero a 25% do normal. Foram avaliados, através de tratamento estatístico, os valores absolutos encontrados em relaçäo aos valores normais estabelecidos pelo método, bem como a frequência em relaçäo à idade, sexo e relaçäo de trabalho. Säo 203 amostras, retiradas dos 250 trabalhadores cadastrados e examinados
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Cholinesterases/blood , Pesticides/toxicity , Rural Workers , BrazilABSTRACT
Este vídeo foi desenvolvido para dar apoio ao processo ensino-aprendizagem nos cursos a distância promovidos pela UNA-SUS UFPE. Aborda determinantes sociais no processo saúde doença.
Subject(s)
Disease , Health-Disease ProcessABSTRACT
Este vídeo foi desenvolvido para dar apoio ao processo ensino-aprendizagem nos cursos a distância promovidos pela UNA-SUS UFPE. Aborda a importância da assistência integral à saúde da população LGBT no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde por diferentes pontos de vista.
