ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is a preventable disease, but it is a major public health problem despite having a good prognosis when diagnosed early. Although the Pap smear has led to huge drops in rates of cervical cancer and death from the disease, it has some limitations, making new approaches necessary for early diagnosis and biomarkers discovery. MiRNAs have been considered a new class of non-invasive biomarkers and may have great clinical value for screening early-stage cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Well-designed studies have emerged as a necessary strategy for the identification of miRNAs that could be used safely and reliably for a differential diagnosis. This review aims to provide an up-to-date perspective on the assessment of circulating miRNA expression from precursor lesions to cervical cancer, identifying circulating miRNAs or specific miRNA signatures that can be used as potential biomarkers of different stages of cervical carcinogenesis. METHODS: A systematic review was performed and searches were conducted in the PubMed, LILACS, and Scopus electronic databases. RESULTS: Most studies involved Chinese ethnic women and searched for circulating miRNAs in serum samples. Thirty three microRNAs were evaluated in the eligible studies and 17 (miR-196a, miR-16-2, miR-497, miR-1290, miR-425-5p, hsa-miR- 92a, miR-1266, miR-9, miR-192, miR-205, miR-21, miR-152, miR-15b, miR-34a, miR-218, miR-199a-5p and miR-155-5p) showed up-regulation in women with precursor lesion and cervical cancer and 16 microRNAs showed decreased expression in these same groups of women compared to healthy controls (miR-195, miR-2861, miR-145, miR-214, miR-34a, miR-200a, let-7d-3p, miR-30d-5p, miR-638, miR-203a-3p, miR-1914-5p, miR-521, miR-125b, miR-370, miR-218 and miR-100). CONCLUSION: Therefore, defining promising circulating miRNAs or specific miRNA signatures of biological fluid samples can be useful for the screening, diagnosis, prognosis and clinical monitoring of women undergoing cervical carcinogenesis, but greater standardization of studies seems to be necessary for greater consolidation of information.
Subject(s)
Circulating MicroRNA , MicroRNAs , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Biomarkers , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Carcinogenesis/genetics , Early Detection of Cancer , Female , Humans , MicroRNAs/genetics , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/geneticsABSTRACT
A Atenção Primária à Saúde é a principal porta de entrada do usuário à Rede de Atenção à Saúde e responsável pela oferta de serviços e ações essenciais à Atenção Básica. Objetivo: Relatar as experiências de (re)organização vivenciadas pelos profissionais de saúde de Unidade de Saúde da Família, em um município localizado no Sul da Bahia. Método: Relato de experiência dos trabalhadores da Atenção Primária à Saúde no enfrentamento da pandemia COVID-19. Resultados: 34,37% dos servidores lotados na Unidade de Saúde foram contaminados pelo Sars-CoV-2, entre o período de março a setembro. Os programas que não houve suspensão dos atendimentos foram ofertados à população dentro das normas de biossegurança. No entanto, os principais impactos foram a suspensão das atividades coletivas programadas, atendimentos ofertados aos grupos terapêuticos para idosos, usuários de tabaco, entre outros. Conclusão: A reestruturação no processo de oferta de serviços de saúde no estabelecimento, ainda que com as atividades restritas na rotina, tem garantido portas abertas à população e permitido segurança aos usuários e profissionais envolvidos ou não com a assistência direta ao paciente.
