An Integrated Dead Reckoning with Cooperative Positioning Solution to Assist GPS NLOS Using Vehicular Communications.

In Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), the Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) paradigm based on the WAVE IEEE 802.11p standard is the main alternative for inter-vehicle communications. Recently, many protocols, applications, and services have been developed with a wide range of objectives, ranging from comfort to security. Most of these services rely on location systems and require different levels of accuracy for their full operation. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is an off-the-shelf solution for localization in VANETs and ITS. However, GPS systems present problems regarding inaccuracy and unavailability in dense urban areas, multilevel roads, and tunnels, posing a challenge for protocols, applications, and services that rely on localization. With this motivation, we carried out a characterization of the problems of inaccuracy and unavailability of GPS systems from real datasets, and regions around tunnels were selected. Since the nodes of the vehicular network are endowed with wireless communication, processing and storage capabilities, an integrated Dead Reckoning aided Geometric Dilution of Precision (GDOP)-based Cooperative Positioning solution was developed and evaluated. Leveraging the potential of vehicular sensors, such as odometers, gyroscopes, and digital compasses, vehicles share their positions and kinematics information using vehicular communication to improve their location estimations. With the assistance of a digital map, vehicles adjust the final estimated position using the road geometry. The situations of GPS unavailability characterized in the datasets were reproduced in a simulation environment to validate the proposed localization solution. The simulation results show average gains in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between 97% to 98% in comparison with the stand-alone GPS solution, and 83.00% to 88.00% against the GPS and Dead Reckoning (DR) only solution. The average absolute RMSE was reduced to the range of 3 to 5 m by vehicle. In addition, the proposed solution was shown to support 100% of the GPS unavailability zones on the evaluated scenarios.

Phosphorus adsorption in soils under forest and savanna from Northern Amazon, Brazil / Adsorção de fósforo em solos sob floresta e savana do Norte Amazônico, Brasil

Studies on maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity (MPAC) in soils from Roraima State and attributes that interfere with the magnitude of this characteristic are relevant and motivated this study. In this context, topsoil samples (00.20 m) from four soil classes (OxisolLA and OxisolLV [ITÃ, Caracaraí]; OxisolLA [Serra da Prata, Mucajaí]; OxisolLA and UltisolPA [CCA, Boa Vista]; OxisolFT [Bonfim] and Alfisol SN [Surumu, Pacaraima]) representative of Roraima State were used in this study in order to determine the influence of soil physical, chemical, and mineralogical attributes on MPAC. Air-dried soil samples of 2.5 g and 0.01 mol L?1 CaCl2 (25 mL) solution were stirred for 24 h, being added P in the form of KH2PO4 at concentrations of 060, 080, and 0110 mg L?1. P was analyzed in the supernatant for determining its adsorbed amount (P-rem). Adsorption values were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm in order to assess MPAC. Correlation tests were performed between MPAC and binding energy, pH, organic matter, clay, and CEC. MPAC values ranged from 14.50 to 527.93 mg kg?1 in the soil. The soils FTBonfim and LVITÃ presented a higher MPAC. Considering the representative soil classes in the State, MPAC does not correlate with any of the assessed attributes. In the soil classes Oxisol and Ultisol, MPAC has a negative and significant correlation with binding energy.(AU)

Estudos sobre capacidade máxima de adsorção de fósforo (CMAP) em solos de Roraima e atributos que interferem na magnitude dessa característica são relevantes e motivaram esse trabalho. Nesse contexto, amostras da camada superficial (0-0,20 m) de quatro classes de solos: Latossolo Amarelo - LA e Latossolo Vermelho - LV (ITÃ, Caracaraí); Latossolo Amarelo - LA (Serra da Prata, Mucajaí); Latossolo Amarelo - LA e Argissolo Amarelo - PA (CCA, Boa Vista-RR); Plintossolo Argilúvico FT (Bonfim) e Planossolo Nátrico - SN (Surumu, Pacaraima) representativos do estado de Roraima, foram utilizadas no presente trabalho, com a finalidade de determinar a influência de atributos físicos, químicos e da mineralogia dos solos sobre a CMAP. Amostras de 2,5 g de TFSA (terra fina seca ao ar) foram mantidas em contato com soluções de CaCl2 0,01 mol L-1 (25 mL), mediante agitação por 24 h, as quais foram adicionados fósforo (P), na forma de KH2PO4, nas concentrações de 0-60, 0-80 e 0-110 mg L-1. O P foi analisado no sobrenadante para a determinação da quantidade adsorvida (P-rem). Para avaliar a capacidade máxima de adsorção de fósforo (CMAP), os valores de adsorção foram ajustados à isoterma de Langmuir. Foram realizados testes de correlação entre CMAP e energia de ligação, pH, matéria orgânica, argila e CTC. Os valores da CMAP situaram-se entre 14,50 e 527,93 mg kg-1 de P no solo. Os solos FT (Bonfim) e LV (ITÃ) apresentaram maior CMAP. Considerando as classes desolos representativas do Estado, a CMAP não se correlaciona com nenhum dos atributos avaliados. Nasclasses Latossolo e Argissolo, a CMAP tem correlação negativa e significativa com a energia de ligação.(AU)

Phosphorus adsorption in soils under forest and savanna from Northern Amazon, Brazil / Adsorção de fósforo em solos sob floresta e savana do Norte Amazônico, Brasil

Studies on maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity (MPAC) in soils from Roraima State and attributes that interfere with the magnitude of this characteristic are relevant and motivated this study. In this context, topsoil samples (00.20 m) from four soil classes (OxisolLA and OxisolLV [ITÃ, Caracaraí]; OxisolLA [Serra da Prata, Mucajaí]; OxisolLA and UltisolPA [CCA, Boa Vista]; OxisolFT [Bonfim] and Alfisol SN [Surumu, Pacaraima]) representative of Roraima State were used in this study in order to determine the influence of soil physical, chemical, and mineralogical attributes on MPAC. Air-dried soil samples of 2.5 g and 0.01 mol L?1 CaCl2 (25 mL) solution were stirred for 24 h, being added P in the form of KH2PO4 at concentrations of 060, 080, and 0110 mg L?1. P was analyzed in the supernatant for determining its adsorbed amount (P-rem). Adsorption values were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm in order to assess MPAC. Correlation tests were performed between MPAC and binding energy, pH, organic matter, clay, and CEC. MPAC values ranged from 14.50 to 527.93 mg kg?1 in the soil. The soils FTBonfim and LVITÃ presented a higher MPAC. Considering the representative soil classes in the State, MPAC does not correlate with any of the assessed attributes. In the soil classes Oxisol and Ultisol, MPAC has a negative and significant correlation with binding energy.

Estudos sobre capacidade máxima de adsorção de fósforo (CMAP) em solos de Roraima e atributos que interferem na magnitude dessa característica são relevantes e motivaram esse trabalho. Nesse contexto, amostras da camada superficial (0-0,20 m) de quatro classes de solos: Latossolo Amarelo - LA e Latossolo Vermelho - LV (ITÃ, Caracaraí); Latossolo Amarelo - LA (Serra da Prata, Mucajaí); Latossolo Amarelo - LA e Argissolo Amarelo - PA (CCA, Boa Vista-RR); Plintossolo Argilúvico FT (Bonfim) e Planossolo Nátrico - SN (Surumu, Pacaraima) representativos do estado de Roraima, foram utilizadas no presente trabalho, com a finalidade de determinar a influência de atributos físicos, químicos e da mineralogia dos solos sobre a CMAP. Amostras de 2,5 g de TFSA (terra fina seca ao ar) foram mantidas em contato com soluções de CaCl2 0,01 mol L-1 (25 mL), mediante agitação por 24 h, as quais foram adicionados fósforo (P), na forma de KH2PO4, nas concentrações de 0-60, 0-80 e 0-110 mg L-1. O P foi analisado no sobrenadante para a determinação da quantidade adsorvida (P-rem). Para avaliar a capacidade máxima de adsorção de fósforo (CMAP), os valores de adsorção foram ajustados à isoterma de Langmuir. Foram realizados testes de correlação entre CMAP e energia de ligação, pH, matéria orgânica, argila e CTC. Os valores da CMAP situaram-se entre 14,50 e 527,93 mg kg-1 de P no solo. Os solos FT (Bonfim) e LV (ITÃ) apresentaram maior CMAP. Considerando as classes desolos representativas do Estado, a CMAP não se correlaciona com nenhum dos atributos avaliados. Nasclasses Latossolo e Argissolo, a CMAP tem correlação negativa e significativa com a energia de ligação.

Interictal dysphoric disorder: a frequent psychiatric comorbidity among patients with epilepsy who were followed in two tertiary centers / Transtorno disforico interictal: uma comorbidade psiquiatrica frequente entre pacientes com epilepsia acompanhados em dois servicos terciarios

Psychiatric disorders are frequent among patients with epilepsy. Data in the literature have shown a heterogeneous clinical presentation of psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy. Interictal dysphoric disorder could be a specific psychiatric comorbidity associated with epilepsy, primarily in patients treated in tertiary centers. Objective The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of interictal dysphoric disorder among patients with epilepsy who were followed in two tertiary epilepsy services in Brazil. Method Sixty-five patients with epilepsy completed the Portuguese version of the Interictal Dysphoric Disorder Inventory. Results Thirty-three (50.7%) patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for interictal dysphoric disorder, although all participants answered positively to having at least one key symptom. Conclusion The high rate of patients with epilepsy who fulfilled the diagnosis of interictal dysphoric disorder confirms an association between epilepsy and psychiatric disorders. However, there is clearly a need to improve diagnostic tools to allow better differentiation between interictal dysphoric disorder and other psychiatric disorders. .

Transtornos psiquiátricos são frequentes entre pacientes com epilepsia. Estudos evidenciam apresentações clínicas heterogêneas neste grupo. O transtorno disfórico interictal pode um transtorno específico destes pacientes, particularmente naqueles acompanhados em centros terciários. Objetivo Determinar a prevalência de transtorno disfórico interictal entre pacientes com epilepsia atendidos em dois serviços terciários de epilepsia do Brasil. Método Sessenta e cinco pacientes foram convidados a responder a versão brasileira do Interictal Dysphoric Disorder Inventory adaptado e validado para o Português. Resultados Trinta e três pacientes (50,7%) preencheram critérios para transtorno disfórico interictal, embora todos os entrevistados tenham afirmado que são acometidos por ao menos um dos sintomas-chave. Conclusão A alta prevalência de transtorno disfórico interictal em pacientes com epilepsia pode ser um indício da associação entre epilepsia e transtornos psiquiátricos. No entanto, é necessário melhorar a acurácia dos instrumentos de diagnóstico para poder diferenciar casos de transtorno disfórico interictal de outros transtornos psiquiátricos. .

Are psychiatric disorders exclusion criteria for video-EEG monitoring and epilepsy surgery in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis?

Epilepsy surgery (ES) is a treatment option for patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, psychiatric disorders (PDs) have been a contraindication for presurgical evaluation in many epilepsy centers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of video-EEG (VEEG) and surgical outcome in patients with refractory TLE and mesial temporal sclerosis (TLE-MTS) associated with PDs. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, sociodemographic, and VEEG data and surgery outcome of patients with refractory TLE-MTS who underwent ES over the period of 2002 to 2011 and compared data between those with and without PDs. Psychiatric evaluation was performed through DSM-IV and ILAE criteria. Safety during presurgical evaluation was analyzed by the rate of adverse events (AEs). Patients' quality of life (QOL) was measured through ESI-55 and the surgical outcome through Engel's classification. Data from 145 patients were included. The mean VEEG length (93h) was not affected by PDs. Among patients with PDs, 4.91% (3/61) had AEs, and 13.11% (8/61) had psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs). Among patients without PDs, 4.76% (4/84) had AEs, and 5.95% (5/84) had PNESs. In the first two follow-up years, of the 94 patients who underwent ES, 65.85% (27/41) with PDs and 67.92% (36/53) without PDs became free of disabling seizures (Engel I). No significant differences were observed in the patients' QOL between both groups after surgery. The rate of AEs and seizure outcome did not differ significantly between both groups, reinforcing the idea that PDs should not be absolute exclusion criteria for VEEG monitoring and epilepsy surgery among patients with TLE-MTS.

Interictal dysphoric disorder: a frequent psychiatric comorbidity among patients with epilepsy who were followed in two tertiary centers.

UNLABELLED: Psychiatric disorders are frequent among patients with epilepsy. Data in the literature have shown a heterogeneous clinical presentation of psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy. Interictal dysphoric disorder could be a specific psychiatric comorbidity associated with epilepsy, primarily in patients treated in tertiary centers. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of interictal dysphoric disorder among patients with epilepsy who were followed in two tertiary epilepsy services in Brazil. METHOD: Sixty-five patients with epilepsy completed the Portuguese version of the Interictal Dysphoric Disorder Inventory. RESULTS: Thirty-three (50.7%) patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for interictal dysphoric disorder, although all participants answered positively to having at least one key symptom. CONCLUSION: The high rate of patients with epilepsy who fulfilled the diagnosis of interictal dysphoric disorder confirms an association between epilepsy and psychiatric disorders. However, there is clearly a need to improve diagnostic tools to allow better differentiation between interictal dysphoric disorder and other psychiatric disorders.