ABSTRACT
Extremely high total cadmium concentrations (average about 500 mg/kg) together with very small (average of 1.1 microg/l) dissolved available cadmium have been found in the more acidic deeper layers of the bottom sediments of the Brazilian Amazonian Guajará Estuary. The paper shows that climatic changes and the periodic input of the Atlantic waters into the Estuary appear to have no direct influence on annual average total cadmium concentration, but they affect accumulation, distribution and remobilization of cadmium in different ways during the rainy season (February/March) and the dry season (November/December). Even if only a very small part of the total Cd is available, the concentrations of dissolved Cd in the Estuary are still high enough to cause environmental concern, if compared with concentrations in natural freshwater ecosystems.
Subject(s)
Cadmium/analysis , Environmental Pollutants/analysis , Geologic Sediments/chemistry , Hazardous Substances/analysis , Seasons , Atlantic Ocean , Brazil , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Industrial Waste , Meteorological Concepts , Rivers/chemistry , Water Movements , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysisABSTRACT
The antigenicity of promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis (L. b. braziliensis) treated with 1% sodium desoxycholate in 10 mM Tris-Hcl pH 8.2 was analysed by immunoblot using as probes sera from American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL), American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL), schistosomiasis, malaria and Chagas' disease. The ACL sera reacted constantly with a 60 kD band. No reactivity to this protein was observed with sera from the other diseases above mentioned indicating that the 60 kD protein may be used in serodiagnosis for ACL.
