Estimated number of cases, regional distribution and survival of patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia between 1996 and 2000 in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Rio Grande do Sul (RS), in South Brazil, with about 10 million inhabitants, is known for its agricultural activities and consequent increased human exposure to toxic agents. Patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were included based on information retrieved from all referral hospitals in RS between 1996 and 2000. A total of 532 patients were registered. Median age at diagnosis was 42 years. The estimated annual incidence was 1.11 cases/100,000 inhabitants/year. There was an estimated incidence of 0.5-1 case per 100,000 inhabitants up to the age of 45 years, and of 3.5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants aged 70 years and older, with no geographical clusters. The mean 5-year survival rate was 17% for all cases. There was an increased number of M3 cases, as already described for individuals of Latin-American and the mortality rate was similar to that described in the literature.

Envolvimento pulmonar na síndrome de Sweet paraneoplásica / Pulmonary involvement in paraneoplastic Sweet's syndrome

Síndrome de Sweet (dermatose neutrofílica febril aguda) é caracterizada por lesões cutâneas inflamatórias acompanhadas por febre, leucocitose e mal-estar, devendo ser reconhecida por hematologistas, já que freqüentemente é paraneoplásica. O envolvimento sistêmico pode estar presente e o comprometimento pulmonar, apesar de raro, tem sido reportado na forma de infiltração pulmonar bilateral, bronquiolite obliterante e derrame pleural. Há infiltração neutrofílica densa na histologia. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente com leucemia mielóide crônica que desenvolveu a síndrome de Sweet com infiltrações pulmonares não infecciosas, as quais não foram responsivas à antibioticoterapia, porém mostraram melhora clínica com a corticoterapia.

Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis) is characterized by inflammatory skin lesions accompanied by fever, leukocytosis and malaise, it should be recognized by hematologists, because it can be a paraneoplastic manifestation. Systemic involvement may be present and lung lesions, despite of the rarity, have been reported in the form of bilateral pulmonary infiltrations, bronchiolitis obliterans and pleural effusion. Histopathology shows dense neutrophilic infiltrates. We present a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia who developed Sweet's syndrome with bilateral pulmonary infiltrations, which were non-responsive to antibiotics but showed clinical improvement on steroid therapy.