ABSTRACT
The efficiency of three organic solvents for extraction of adsorbates, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), on five rubber-grade oil furnace blacks was studied. Measurement of both the percent total extractables and the specific PAH, benzo(alpha)pyrene (B alpha P), showed toluene to be a better extractant than benzene and both to be superior to cyclohexane. Spectral analysis for B alpha P was preceded by chromatographic separation. A thin layer technique was shown to be a rapid and reliable replacement for paper chromatography.
Subject(s)
Benzopyrenes/analysis , Carbon/analysis , Chromatography, Paper , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Solvents , Spectrometry, Fluorescence , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
Studies have been carried out to determine the possible physiological effects of contact with carbon black made by the thermal process. Contact was made by ingestion, skin application and/or inhalation. Ingestion and/or skin application do not appear to lead to any changes from the normal. Inhalation exposures do not produce pulmonary function changes (antemortem or postmortem studies) but may lead to moderate to severe "perifocal" emphysema in Rhesus monkeys (not observed in guinea pigs). Inhalation studies also suggest right ventricular septal and to a degree, left ventricular hypertrophy in Rhesus monkeys as an effect. Additional studies are necessary to support these finding and consideration must be given to the variability among exposed subjects as compared to controls.
Subject(s)
Carbon/toxicity , Hot Temperature , Animals , Carbon/analysis , Cardiomegaly/chemically induced , Cricetinae , Diet , Environmental Exposure , Guinea Pigs , Haplorhini , Lung/drug effects , Macaca mulatta , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C3H , Polycyclic Compounds/analysis , Pulmonary Emphysema/chemically induced , Skin/drug effectsABSTRACT
A weighed amount of a "special" semi-reinforcing (SRF) carbon black, made in 1964 and not considered to be typical for furnace blacks, was extracted with triple distilled benzene for 24 hours. The separation of carcinogens from the benzene extract was achieved by gas chromatography on a 5 ft x 0.25 inch stainless steel column packed with 3% OV-1 on chromosorb W. The chromatogram yielded 20 peaks. These peaks were collected, eluted and identified by (a) comparison of retention times, (b) peak enhancement technique, and (c) comparison of their excitation and fluorescence spectra with those of known polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PCAH) standards. The PCAH's identified in SRF-carbon black were: anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(mno)fluoranthene, chrysene, 1,2-benzanthracene, 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene, 1,2-benzopyrene, 3,4-benzopyrene, perylene, o-phenylene pyrene 1,2-benzoperylene, anthanthrene, and coronene. Of these, 1,1-benzanthracene, 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene, 3,4-benzopyrene and o-phenylene pyrene are known carcinogens. These and others have also been quantitated.
