[Histology and morphometry of explanted ear ossicles in man]. / Zur Histologie und Morphometrie explantierter Gehörknöchelchen beim Menschen.

Reoperations of the middle ear enable histological and morphometrical examination of explanted autogenetic or allogenetic ossicles. Histological and morphometric study of such ossicles showed a different osteogenesis. In autogenetic ossicles, angiogenetic and appositional osteogenesis could be seen; in allogenetic ones, angiogenesis was predominant. Connective tissue prevailed in allogenetic ossicles. The histological findings were in accordance with morphometric results and with statements from literature.

[Congenital piriformo-thyroid fistula as a cause of recurrent suppurative thyroiditis]. / Kongenitale piriformo-thyreoidale Fistel als Ursache einer rezidivierenden eitrigen Thyreoiditis.

A previously healthy five year old boy presented with suppurative, febrile thyroiditis of the left lobe with pronounced general and local signs of inflammation, normal thyroid function and lack of thyroid antibodies. Intravenous antibiotic therapy improved the condition quickly. Six and nine months later however recurrent left lobe thyroiditis occurred. Endoscopic examination showed an internal fistula from the left piriform sinus to the left thyroidal lobe which was cut out. The case report confirms previous communications, that recurrent suppurative thyroiditis is nearly always caused by a piriform sinus fistula, probably a fourth pharyngeal pouch remnant which can be cured surgically.

[Therapy of sinusitis in childhood]. / Zur Therapie der Sinusitis im Kindesalter.

Therapy of sinusitis in childhood should be adapted both to various kinds and degrees of inflammation and to the age of the child. Furthermore, aetiology and pathology of the disease should also be taken into account. Especially in chronic disease, an allergy could be the cause; therefore, one should initiate suitable investigations and start adequate treatment. As with all long-term therapy measures, it is essential to persuade both the child and the parents to participate in the treatment and to get their co-operation.

[Actinomycosis of the middle ear]. / Zur Aktinomykose des Mittelohres.

A recent patient with actinomycosis of the middle ear has stimulated us to call attention to this very rare disease. The differential diagnosis, pathophysiology, the pathways of spread, diagnosis and therapy of this disease are discussed. Combined therapy by antibiotics such as ampicillin with clindamycin is the best treatment currently available. Surgery is confined to taking a biopsy for histology and to the draining of inflammatory foci.

[Possibilities and problems of patient education using preprinted forms for standard otorhinolaryngologic operations]. / Möglichkeiten und Probleme der Patientenaufklärung mit Vordrucken für Standardoperationen im HNO-Bereich.

Since six years we have got experiences in patient's instructions by our own form-sheets concerning standard operations in the ENT-region. After having mentioned general problems of the medicolegal situation, the most important aspects of risk instruction by the 21 forms are discussed. Finally the text of all form-sheets is quoted, the final observation--identical in all sheets--is preceding. In conclusion we emphasize that especially the patient's information by form-sheets needs an additional dialogue with the patient too. The written documentation of the complete instruction is absolutely necessary as judgments show.

[Predisposed connections of chronic oropharyngitis and chronic otitis media respectively the endocrinium of menopause (author's transl)]. / Prädisponierende Zusammenhänge zwischen chronischer Oropharyngitis und der Otitis media chronica bzw. dem Menopausenendokrinum.

Eventual predisposed clinical connections of chronic oropharyngitis and otitis media chronica respectively of serum levels of menopausal hormones are examined by clinical-statistic methods or laboratory diagnostics (ratio-immunoessay). Statistic means point out that 71% of all patients suffering from chronic otitis media show symptoms of chronic oropharyngitis too. The question of connection naturally cannot be cleared up as a demonstration, but nevertheless predisposition seems to be probable. Hormonal influence in female during menopause seems not to be predisposing in pathogenesis of oropharyngitis seen very often in this age. This is shown by normal serum levels of oestradiol, FSH and LH in 30 women with chronic oropharyngitis.

[Clinical and Histological aspects concerning the myo-epithelial sialadenitis (author's transl)]. / Klinische und Histologische Aspekte in der Bewertung der Myoepithelialen Sialadenitis.

Different aspects necessary for the diagnosis of chronic lymphoidocytic myo-epethelial sialoadenitis are discussed. Histological facts are especially mentioned. The prognosis of this disease is dimmed by a frequent appearance of malignant lymphomas. The case of a Sjögren-disease in a seven-year-old male patient is presented.

[Clinical-morphological variations of chronic oropharyngitis (author's transl)]. / Die chronische Oropharyngitis in ihren klinisch-morphologischen Varianten.

Non-specific chronic inflammatory changes of the oropharyngeal posterior wall show a considerable abundance of variations. An own respectively reorganised classification of the various clinical pictures in chronic oropharyngitis is proposed comprising altogether 8 forms. The micromorphological characteristics of these particular variations which showed repeating lymphoepithelial interactions in the infantile hyperplastic oropharyngitis with definable activity stages have been examined. The observed changes of the posterior wall of the pharynx in the infant might be settled in physiological border regions within the frame of general immunological scaffolding. A largely unconcerned epithelium was always imposing in the inflammatory hypertrophic and atrophic oro-pharyngopathies of the adult so that here a rather submucous "lymphatic inflammation picture" is uppermost.

[Conservative therapy of tinnitus (author's transl)]. / Die konservative Therapie des Tinnitus. Eine kurze Ubersicht.

Conservative therapy of tinnitus presents a theme that is controversial, since the usefulness of almost all the proposed treatments is rarely based on scientific-experimental evidence. The blocking of the stellate ganglion, electric stimulation of the cochlea and the anaesthesia of the plexus tympanicus belong to the domain of surgical treatment methods of tinnitus. Drug therapy is the mainstay of treatment; our own measures are demonstrated. We attempt to give a hypothetic pharmacological interpretation of the efficacy of some drugs that derive essentially from diethylaminoethanol and the group of methylexanthines. We also mention the physical treatment methods such as tinnitus masker, ultrasound and physiotherapy as well as acupuncture. Finally, the more recent psychotherapeutic treatment-modalities, for example biofeedback, hypnosis and medical sleep are mentioned.

[Neurogenic sarcoma of the head and neck with contact to the skull base (author's transl)]. / Das neurogene Sarkom im Kopof-Halsbereich mit Kontakt zur Schädelbasis.

The neurogenic sarcoma is a neoplasm found seldom. It descends from the sheaths of peripheric nerves. If this tumor develops from a solitary or multiple neurofibroma, it might also be called a neurofibrosarcoma. All other synonyms, especially that of the malignant schwannoma, should better be abandoned for histogenetic reasons. Today the classification of all tumors of the peripheral nervous system is based on a suggestion of the WHO from 1969. The tabular summary of the literature shows that only a little more than a hundred cases of neurogenic sarcoma of the head and neck were reported during the last 50 years. Differential diagnosis of this malignant tumor includes nearly all other malignant neoplasms of soft tissue, sometimes even anaplastic carcinoma. Histopathology, including electron microscopy, is described in general and also in detail with regard to three cases. Three forms of micro-morphological variants are dealt with, too. For diagnosis histological examination will be absolutely successful only in cases of neurofibromatosis or in cases where the nerve from which the tumor originates may be identified. Otherwise, conventional and computerized X-ray tomography may be helpful. Finally, some therapeutic and prognostic principles are discussed.

[Consulting office tissue banks (author's transl)]. / Eine Gewebebank in der HNO-Praxis.

The technicalities of obtaining graft tissues and the methods of preserving homograft ossicles and cartilage are described. The chemical and biological problems of tissue banks are discussed practically in relation to published experiences of others. The techniques for use of homograft ossicles in tympanoplasty surgery are described. The comparative ease of preparation and preservation of homograft ossicles and hyaline cartilage justifies the establishment of tissue banks in the practice of the private otologist.

[A clinical study on allogenetic ossicle-implantation (author's transl)]. / Eine klinische Studie über allogenetische Ossikelimplantationen.

Here we report a first three years clinical experience with allogenetic ossicles in middle ear surgery. The several allogenetic implants in tympanoplasty type III are coordinated to symbolic abbreviations for documentation. The technique and biology of Cialit-preservation is summarized. Findings and results vindicate the application of allogenetic ossicles outside large ENT hospitals too.

[The so-called chronic hyperplastic pharyngitis in childhood. A histological screening (author's transl)]. / Die sogenannte chronisch-hyperplastische Pharyngitis im Kindesalter. Ein histologisches Screening.

The clinical picture of chronic pharyngitis is well defined but insufficiently clarified as to its morphological nature. In our study of 12 children with chronic pharyngitis who underwent adeno-tonsillectomies small pieces of tissue of the posterior wall of the pharynx were microscopically examined. In most instances inflammatory infiltrations were absent. Present was a variably developed hyperplasia of the lymphatic tissues. In the more pronounced hyperplasias there was a lymphoepithelial disintegration that could account for the clinical manifestations and that perhaps could also be considered as a disposing factor for a bona fide pharyngitis. The micromorphological changes were divided into 4 stages.

[Viscosity of blood and sensorineural hearing loss (author's transl)]. / Blutviskosität und Innenohrschwerhörigkeit

A statistical survey about the results of treatment of Pentoxifyllin (Trental) in acute and long-standing sensorineural hearing losses is given. The pharmacological effect of viscosity lowering in such patients is demonstrated. The role of erythrocytes and their behaviour in relation to the viscosity of blood its showed by means of literature.

[Therapeutical results of non-acute perceptive hearing loss with vasoactive medicaments (author's transl)]. / Ergebnisse der Therapie nichtakuter Schallempfindungs-schwerhörigkeit mit vasoaktiven Medikamenten

67 patients who are suffering from a non-acute perceptive hearing loss were treted by several vasoactive medicaments. Besides pharmacological aspects of derivatives of di-ethyl-amino-ethyl-alcohol and of xanthine were discussed. The therapeutical results were subjected to comparing views.