ABSTRACT
The pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of oxytetracycline were determined in healthy and febrile cross-bred calves following its single intravenous administration (10 mg kg-1). Fever was induced by a single intravenous injection of E. coli endotoxin (1 microgram kg-1 i.v.). The elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) and the apparent volume of distribution [vd(area)] were slightly increased in febrile calves, as compared to healthy animals. The values of t1/2 beta and Vd(area) were 3.22 +/- 0.20 h and 0.49 +/- 0.02 L. kg-1 in healthy calves and 4.06 +/- 0.32 h and 0.70 +/- 0.09 L kg-1, respectively, in febrile calves. An intravenous dosage regimen suitable for maintaining the minimum therapeutic plasma concentration of > or = 2 micrograms/ml in febrile animals would be 10 mg kg-1 repeated at 12-h intervals.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics , Cattle Diseases/metabolism , Endotoxins/pharmacology , Escherichia coli/chemistry , Fever/veterinary , Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology , Oxytetracycline/pharmacokinetics , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/blood , Cattle , Fever/metabolism , Fever/microbiology , Half-Life , Injections, Intravenous/veterinary , Oxytetracycline/administration & dosage , Oxytetracycline/bloodABSTRACT
A 1-year survey was undertaken to determine the incidence of Trypanosoma evansi in dogs at Ludhiana, India. Of 64 dogs examined by wet film, thin smear, thick smear and mouse inoculation, three (4.68%) were found to be positive for T. evansi. All the positive animals were detected during the rainy and post-rainy seasons. The treatment of three infected dogs with a combination of quinpyramine sulphate and chloride (3:2 w/w) resulted in complete recovery of two dogs; another dog died on the day therapy was initiated.
