ABSTRACT
Male and female rats were treated daily for 13 weeks with an ethanol extract of Cissampelos sympodialis leaves (9, 45 and 225 mg[sol ]kg). The food consumption, body weight and behavioural effects in the open-field test were evaluated by weekly monitoring. The results showed that the extract chronic treatment in female rats (45 and 225 mg[sol ]kg) reduced significantly the food intake and the body weight, and produced several alterations in the open-field test. These findings indicate that repeated oral administration of the extract may produce a sex-dependent difference in anoretic and behavioural effects.
Subject(s)
Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology , Cissampelos , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Administration, Oral , Animals , Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage , Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Eating/drug effects , Female , Male , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Plant Leaves , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
The acute treatment of rats and mice with a hydroalcoholic extract from the seeds of Dioclea grandiflora (EHDg) at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg, by intraperitoneal or oral administration, produced a significant antinociceptive effect in the tail flick and hot plate tests, an effect which was inhibited by naloxone. EHDg given to mice daily for 30 days at a dose of 500 mg/kg, did not cause any observable toxic effect nor any alteration in the pattern of antinociceptive response by the tail immersion test during the course of this treatment. These results suggest that EHDg has a central antinociceptive action devoid of tolerance effect typical of opioid drugs.
Subject(s)
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology , Fabaceae , Nociceptors/drug effects , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Seeds/chemistry , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/antagonists & inhibitors , Animals , Brazil , Ethanol , Female , Male , Mice , Models, Animal , Morphine/antagonists & inhibitors , Morphine/pharmacology , Naloxone/pharmacology , Pain/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Reaction Time/drug effectsABSTRACT
The present communication constitutes a global review on plant analgesic activity with special emphasis on those found in different parts of the world, including Brazil, which act on the central nervous system. One hundred and sixty six plants belonging to 79 families are reported.
Subject(s)
Analgesics/therapeutic use , Pain/drug therapy , Phytotherapy , Plants, Medicinal , HumansABSTRACT
An ethanolic extract of the leaves of Cissampelos sympodialis Eichl. (Menispermaceae) was found to potentiate the toxicity of pentylenetetrazol in mice. Similar to imipramine, the extract also reduced the immobility period in the forced swimming test in mice and reversed the degree of ptosis and catalepsy induced by reserpine in rats. These results suggest that the extract possesses antidepressant activity and the reported phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity of the plant may account for the observed antidepressant effect.
