Synthesis and characterisation of magnetite nanoparticles using gelatin and starch as capping agents.

Nanoparticles of magnetite passivated with gelatin and starch were synthesised using a co-precipitation technique. The nanoparticles were characterised using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Zeta potential, transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The UV-vis spectra showed characteristic surface plasmon resonance of magnetite nanoparticles. The DLS results showed the nanoparticles to have average hydrodynamic diameters of 138 ± 2 and 283 ± 21 nm for particles passivated with gelatin and starch, respectively. The stability in a colloidal solution was greater in nanoparticles passivated with gelatin than nanoparticles obtained with starch, as can be seen by their Zeta potential value (-31 ± 2 and -16 ± 0.5 mV, respectively). According to the TEM evaluation, the use of gelatin allowed to obtain nanoparticles with a spherical morphology and an average size of 10 ± 2 nm. However, when using starch the nanoparticles exhibited diverse morphologies with an average size of 25 ± 7 nm. The XRD results confirmed the crystalline structure of the samples, which showed crystallite sizes of 14.90 and 24.43 nm for nanoparticles passivated with gelatin and starch, respectively. FTIR analysis proved the establishment of interactions between functional groups of biopolymers and magnetite nanoparticles.

Effect of the Method of Synthesis in the Photoactivity of TiO2-Co and TiO2-CoCe Materials.

Cobalt modified TiO2 and cobalt-cerium modified TiO2 were synthesized by sol gel technique using two different routes. In the first case the material was prepared by adding directly the precursor of metal (Co) during the sol-gel synthesis (In situ). The second one consisted in the impregnation of the supports of TiO2 and Ce-TiO2 prepared by sol-gel with a cobalt solution (Impregnated). The materials obtained were characterized by XRD and their textural properties were determined. The effect of the technique of synthesis as well as the presence of cerium in the photocatalytic properties of the material was evaluated in the photodegradation of phenol in aqueous phase. According to the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that both, the integration of the metals during the sol-gel synthesis and the presence of cerium significantly improves the photocatalytic activity of TiO2.