ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Due to the increase in morbidity and mortality rate, cancer has become an alarming threat to the human population worldwide. Since cancer is a progressive disorder, timely diagnosis would be helpful to prevent/stop cancer from progressing to severe stage. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, most of the time, tumors are diagnosed with endoscopy and biopsy; therefore rare studies exist regarding the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GIT) carcinomas based on tumor markers, especially CEA. OBJECTIVES: This study made a comparative analysis of CEA in admitted hospitalized stomach and colon cancer patients diagnosed as GIT with biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, a total of 66 cases were included. The level of CEA was determined in the blood of these patients using ELISA technique. RESULTS: Out of 66 patients, the level of CEA was high in 59.1% of the total, 60.7% in colon cancer patients and 57.9 % in stomach cancer patients. Moreover, the incidence of colorectal and stomach cancer was greater in males as compared to females. Patients were more of the age group of 40- 60 and the level of CEA was comparatively higher in patients (51.5%) with histology which was moderately differentiated, than patients with well differentiated and poorly differentiated tumor histology. CONCLUSIONS: CEA level was high in more than 50% of the total patients. Moreover, CEA exhibited higher sensitivity for colon than stomach cancer.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Carcinoembryonic Antigen/metabolism , Colon/metabolism , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy , Case-Control Studies , Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Grading , Pakistan , Prognosis , Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Due to the increase in morbidity and mortality rate, cancer has become an alarming threat to the human population worldwide. Since cancer is a progressive disorder, timely diagnosis is necessary to prevent/stop cancer from progressing to a severe stage. In Khyber Paktunkhwa, Pakistan, many tumors are diagnosed with endoscopy and biopsy; rare studies exist regarding the diagnosis and evaluation of ovarian cancer, based on tumor markers like CA-125. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to investigate and evaluate levels of CA-125 in hospitalized ovarian cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, a total of 63 admitted patients having ovarian cancer by biopsy were included. The level of CA-125 was determined in the blood of these patients using ELISA technique. RESULTS: Out of 63 patients, the level of CA-125 was high in 52% . The affected individuals were more in the group of 40-60 and the level of CA-125 was comparatively higher in patients having moderately differentiated histology than those having well differentiated and poorly differentiated tumor histology. Moreover, the highest level of CA-125 was present among the patients having serous subtype of carcinoma and the common stage of carcinoma was stage II followed by stage III, I and IV. CONCLUSIONS: CA-125 level was high in more than 50% of the total patients. Moreover, CA-125 elevation was more common in serous subtype and stage II cancer patients.
