Imaging Insights Suggesting a Sinister Cause of a Breast Mass in Adolescents: A Case of Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Teenager.

Background: Sarcomas of the breast are exceedingly rare, accounting for less than 1% of malignant breast tumors, with primary rhabdomyosarcomas being even rarer. Due to the scarcity of reported cases, the imaging characteristics of breast rhabdomyosarcoma are not well-defined, making diagnosis challenging, especially in adolescents. Case description: We present the case of a 17-year-old female diagnosed with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma following a comprehensive workup for right breast masses. Initial imaging showed no distant metastasis, and the patient underwent a right mastectomy followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. A few months post-treatment, she developed recurrent nodules in the chest wall. Further investigation confirmed the recurrence of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Conclusions: This case underscores the importance of considering primary rhabdomyosarcoma as a differential diagnosis in adolescent breast lesions. Given its rare occurrence and potential imaging overlap with more common tumors like cystosarcoma phyllodes, awareness and careful evaluation are critical for accurate diagnosis and timely management. LEARNING POINTS: Critical imaging insights: The report provides valuable imaging characteristics that can help differentiate rhabdomyosarcoma from more common breast tumors like fibroadenoma and cystosarcoma phyllodes, resulting in more accurate and timely diagnosis.

An Effective Color Image Encryption Based on Henon Map, Tent Chaotic Map, and Orthogonal Matrices.

In the last decade, the communication of images through the internet has increased. Due to the growing demands for data transfer through images, protection of data and safe communication is very important. For this purpose, many encryption techniques have been designed and developed. New and secured encryption schemes based on chaos theory have introduced methods for secure as well as fast communication. A modified image encryption process is proposed in this work with chaotic maps and orthogonal matrix in Hill cipher. Image encryption involves three phases. In the first phase, a chaotic Henon map is used for permuting the digital image. In the second phase, a Hill cipher is used whose encryption key is generated by an orthogonal matrix which further is produced from the equation of the plane. In the third phase, a sequence is generated by a chaotic tent map which is later XORed. Chaotic maps play an important role in the encryption process. To deal with the issues of fast and highly secured image processing, the prominent properties of non-periodical movement and non-convergence of chaotic theory play an important role. The proposed scheme is resistant to different attacks on the cipher image. Different tests have been applied to evaluate the proposed technique. The results of the tests such as key space analysis, key sensitivity analysis, and information entropy, histogram correlation of the adjacent pixels, number of pixel change rate (NPCR), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and unified average changing intensity (UCAI) showed that our proposed scheme is an efficient encryption technique. The proposed approach is also compared with some state-of-the-art image encryption techniques. In the view of statistical analysis, we claim that our proposed encryption algorithm is secured.

Raynaud's of the Tongue.

We describe a 40-year-old lady who presents with a painful white tongue on exposure to the cold. The differential diagnosis and investigations are outlined with a discussion about this unusual presentation of a common problem. LEARNING POINTS: Raynaud's can affect areas of the body besides the digits.Lingual Raynaud's should be considered in patients with transient tongue pain.Alternative diagnoses should be sought if ulceration or permanent symptoms develop.