ABSTRACT
Hypercalcemia of malignancy (HOM) is usually seen in advanced stage and carries a poor prognosis. Survival outcomes are dismal and most of the patients are unable to receive subsequent definite anti-cancer therapy. There is lack of any retrospective or prospective data regarding hypercalcemia of malignancy in Indian population. We aim to describe survival outcomes in hypercalcemia associated with solid organ malignancies. Forty-five patients diagnosed with HOM associated with solid organ malignancies were included in the study. Patients were followed up till death. Clinical features and survival outcomes were noted. Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck region and lung comprised most of the cases associated with HOM. Most of the patients presented with poor performance status. Median overall survival (OS) was 20 days (2-78 days). Median OS was 35 days (9-58 days) in those who received definite anti-cancer therapy. Four-week mortality rate was estimated as 59.5%, while this increased to 75.7% within 6 weeks from the diagnosis of hypercalcemia. Survival outcomes are poor after the diagnosis of hypercalcemia in cancer patients. Best supportive care including hospice care should be strongly considered at this point of time instead of definite systemic anti-cancer therapy.
ABSTRACT
Anemia associated with cancer is a major public health issue. The gravity of this problem is likely to be higher in India due to already existing malnutrition in the general population. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) as a subset has not been evaluated in Indian population of cancer patients. This study was undertaken to evaluate iron status among newly diagnosed advanced-stage cancer patients with anemia at a cancer research institute in India. Sixty-four patients of anemia were identified who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Iron status was noted. Absolute iron deficiency (AID) was identified in 8 (12.5%) patients. Functional iron deficiency (FID) was seen in 48 (75%) patients. Probable functional iron deficiency (PFID) was seen in 2 (3.1%) patients while no iron deficiency (NID) was seen in 6 (9.3%) patients. FID is seen in majority of advanced-stage solid organ cancer patients in India. Large sample studies are required to better define the exact prevalence of iron deficiency, chemotherapy-induced anemia, and anemia in cancer subtypes.
