Production of Isotropic Coke from Shale Tar at Various Parameters of the Delayed Coking Process.

This paper presents the results of studies on the production of coke at excess pressures of 0.15, 0.25, and 0.35 MPa with delayed coking of shale tar obtained by pyrolysis of oil shale in the Baltic Basin. To assess the quality of the resulting coke, properties such as the absolute density, yield of volatile substances, ash content, and total porosity were analyzed. The microstructure of the resulting coke was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, for which the evaluation criteria were the interplanar spaces d 002 and d 100 and the sizes of the Lc and La crystallites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique was used to confirm the results of the analysis of the formed structure of shale coke obtained earlier. The calcined samples were classified as cokes with an isotropic structure. In addition, the fractional composition of the obtained gasoline and gas oil fractions of delayed coking of shale resin was analyzed.

Technology of Producing Petroleum Coking Additives to Replace Coking Coal.

Coke chemical companies often have a deficit of coals of particularly valuable grades, the coking coals. This work studies the opportunity of producing petroleum coking additives using delayed coking during heavy petroleum residue processing. Experiments for the production of a carbon material were conducted using three kinds of heavy petroleum residues of the oil refinery plant Ltd Kinef: the vacuum residue from crude atmospheric and vacuum distillation units (VR1), the vacuum residue from the vacuum distillation hydrocracking unit (VR2), and the visbreaker residue from the visbreaking unit (VR3). For the produced carbon material, the quality indicators were determined, and X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and differential thermal analyses were conducted. The petroleum coking additive produced instead of the typical petroleum coke under a milder temperature regime had the required quality indicators, particularly, the volatile-matter yield within the range from 15 to 25 wt %, to be used in metallurgical production for partial replacement of coking coals in the charge to produce metallurgical coke.