[Justifying the use of primary tissue culture method for evaluation of sodium fluoride safety in nutrition products].

Toxicity of sodium fluoride added to nutrition products is assessed through peculiarities of kidney tissue culture growth in vitro--over 75% inhibition of cell clumps growth supports high toxic influence of sodium fluoride, the growth decrease from 63% to 74% signifies lower degree, the growth inhibition less than 62% demonstrates very low toxicity of the chemical.

[Temporary endoscopic stenting of bile ducts].

Experience of endoscopic stenting for preoperative preparation of patients with various diseases of hepatopancreatobiliary zone and high surgical risk is analyzed. Internal drainage (stenting) of bile ducts was performed at 45 (58%) patients, external - at 24 (31.1%), combined external-internal - at 8 (10.4%) patients. Advantages and disadvantages of each stenting type are evaluated, differential indications are determined. Analysis of short-term results demonstrates that the rate of early postoperative complications is lower at patients operated after bile ducts stenting that at ones operated on jaundice peak. It is concluded that endoscopic stenting of bile ducts permits to increase efficacy of preoperative preparation for surgical or endoscopic procedures, and to decrease the risk of their complications.

[Effect of acetylsalicylic and mefenamic acids on cytoarchitectonic of skin in rats with acute local cryogenic trauma]. / Vliianie atsetilsalitsilovoi i mefenamovoi kislot na tsitoarkhitektoniku kozhi krys pri ostroi lokal'noi kriotravme.

The effect of acetylsalicylic (250 mg/kg) and mephenamic (50 mg/kg) acids on the process of skin cytoarchitectonics restoration was studied in rats with acute local cryogenic traumas induced by acting with a stream of ethyl chloride upon epilated back skin area (1.5 cm2). The animals were killed under narcosis on the 12th day of post-treatment observation. Both acetylsalicylic and mephenamic acids were administered per os twice per day over various periods after cryogenic damage. The effect depended on the treatment duration. The normal skin cytoarchitectonics was restored by acetylsalicylic acid in half, and by mephenamic acid, in one-third of cases (for a "combined" administration scheme).

[Major resections of the liver in patients with high surgical risk]. / Obshirnye rezektsii pecheni u bol'nykh s vysokim khirurgicheskim riskom.

Experience with 75 major anatomic resections of the liver in patients with high surgical risk due to low functional reserve of the liver, spontaneous disruption of hepatic tumor, chronic purulent infection in patients with hepatic abscesses, posttraumatic sequestration of the liver with hemobilia, giant hepatic hemangiomas, old age and severe concomitant diseases was analyzed. General postoperative lethality was 14.7% which was determined mainly by unfavorable outcomes in postoperative patients in spontaneous disruption of tumor and massive intraabdominal bleeding, and also by severe postoperative hepatic insufficiency in patients after right-sided hemihepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with postnecrotic cirrhosis of the liver. Immediate results of surgery in patients with obstructive jaundice and biliary hepatic cirrhosis were better that ones of patients with postnecrotic cirrhosis. There were no lethal outcomes in group of patients after surgery for giant hemangiomas, abscesses and posttraumatic sequestration of the liver. Thorough selection of patients based on detailed study of functional hepatic reserves and also volume of removed hepatic parenchyma is necessary for improvement of immediate results of surgical treatment. It is valid to perform portal venous embolization before right-sided hemihepatectomy in patients with postnecrotic, biliary cirrhosis, and also in old patients to decrease the risk of postresection hepatic insufficiency. Roentgenondovascular occlusion of the hepatic artery, Cell-Seiver use for intraoperative blood reinfusion and in some cases--use of methods of complete vascular isolation of the liver are indicated for patients with giant hepatic hemangiomas.

[Disorders of protein C anticoagulant system in various clinical conditions]. / Issledovanie narushenii antikoaguliantnoi sistemy proteina C pri razlichnykh klinicheskikh sostoianiiakh.

A study was carried out on activity of protein C4 in 73 surgical patients (coagulation test, reagents of company PEHAM). The reduction in activity of protein C was observed in patients with focal liver lesion related to disturbance of protein formation function. This percent of disturbances in protein C system is more often found in patients with vascular pathology. This is explained by the mechanism of its action and implication of vascular endothelium into the process. Disturbances in patients with injury infection are stipulated with activity of C and S proteins and availability of mutant factor V--factor Leiden in patients with diabetes. In the first days after surgical intervention the activity of C protein was much reduced. The obtained results emphasize the importance of research in the system of protein C in surgical patients.

[Portal embolization (an experimental-morphological study)]. / Portal'naia émbolizatsiia (éksperimental'no-morfologicheskoe issledovanie).

Results of experimental-morphological study of influence of unilobar portal embolization by biologic occlusive material RABROM on the liver of 6 laboratory animals are presented. It is shown that portal venous embolization leads to focal necrosis of parenchyma of embolized hepatic lobe, it atrophy and formation of portal cirrhosis. In non-embolized hepatic lobe the distinct signs of increased regeneration and hypertrophy of hepatocytes were revealed. RABROM didn't lead to damage and inflammatory changes of vascular wall that testifies to it biologic inertia. It is recommended to use the method of portal venous embolization for preparation of patients with low functional hepatic reserve for extensive resections.

[Evaluation of the effects of chlorophenol-free wood antiseptics in experimental animals]. / Otsenka vliianiia beskhlorfenol'nykh antiseptikov drevesiny na organizm éksperimental'nykh zhivotnykh.

The authors report on creation of domestic chlorophenol-free preservatives for wood (EOK, K-12, Katan) in Arkhangelsk Research Institute. Application of those chemicals is cheaper than that of foreign analogs. Toxicity of the preservatives was evaluated according to morphologic and functional changes in various organs and systems of experimental animals which faced long exposure to the preservatives. The experiments proved K-12 to be the most pathogenic among others. EOK preservative fails to induce severe pathologic changes in experimental animals, demonstrated no cumulation and allergy. Katan takes intermediate place between those two.

[Effectiveness of oxytetracycline and chingamin on cold injury in rats]. / Effektivnost' oksitetratsiklina i khingamina pri kholodovoi travme u krys.

The preventive and therapeutical effects of oxytetracycline hydrochloride, 10 mg/kg b.w., and chingamine, 50 mg/kg b.w., were studied in frostbites caused by ethyl chloride. The experiments were conducted on adult albino Wistar rats. The two drugs given orally twice a day for 15 days or more prevented the development of frost bite; clinical, biochemical, and histological parameters becoming normal. Chingamine was found to be more effective, which makes it promising for further experimental and clinical studies.

[Kinetics of glu- and lys-plasminogen activation by the tissue activator in a fibrin clot]. / Kinetika aktivatsii glu- i liz-plazminogena tkanevym aktivatorom v fibrinovom sgustke.

Using a modified procedure for measuring the time of fibrin clot lysis, the kinetics of Glu- and Lys-plasminogen activation by the tissue activator was studied. Within the plasminogen concentration range of 0.4-100 nM the rate of activation of both protein forms obeys the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. At Lys-plasminogen concentration equimolar to that of fibrin, the rate of activation of the former decreases down to that of Glu-plasminogen activation. The kinetic constants for Glu- and Lys-plasminogen activation (Km) are equal to 0.055 and 0.013 microM; k = 0.19 and 0.21 s-1, respectively. The Km values for fibrin-bound Glu- and Lys-plasminogen are equal to 0.25 nM and 8 nM, respectively (k = 0.08 and 0.26 s-1, respectively). It is assumed that the tissue activator exhibits a higher affinity for the Glu-plasminogen--fibrin complex than for the Lys-plasminogen-fibrin complex.

[Improved local hemolysis method for evaluating immunotropic agents]. / Usovershenstvovanie metoda lokal'nogo gemoliza dlia otsenki immunotropnykh sredstv.

A modification of A. J. Cunningham method (1965) is proposed. Positive characteristics of the modification are: simplicity and availability of the production of chambers, the possibility of their repeated use, the use of the sealing support for incubation and counting of hemolysis zones. Two series of experiments were performed to determine sensitivity and reproducibility of the modification as compared with the method of N. K. Jerne and A. A. Nordin (1963).

[Kinetic characteristics of the activation of various structural forms of plasminogen by tissue activator in the presence of fibrin]. / Kineticheskaia kharakteristika aktivatsii razlichnykh strukturnykh form plazminogena tkanevym aktivatorom v prisutstvii fibrina.

It was shown that activation of two native plasminogen and miniplasminogen forms by the tissue activator in the presence of fibrin obeys the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The kinetic parameters of activation of both plasminogen native forms differ insignificantly. For miniplasminogen whose molecule contains no lysine-binding sites, a marked decrease of activation power was observed. The Km value of activator for miniplasminogen is 10 times that of plasminogen form I and 20 times that of plasminogen form II. The kcat/Km value of activator for miniplasminogen is 7 times less than that of plasminogen form I and by one order of magnitude more than that of plasminogen form II. These results testify to the importance of lysine-binding sites in the native plasminogen molecule during the activation of fibrinolysis by the major physiological activator.

[Endoscopic papillosphincterotomy in treating the complications of gallstones]. / Endoskopicheskaia papillosfinkterotomiia v lechenii oslozhnenii zhelchnokamennoi bolezni.

The authors believe that endoscopic papillosphincterotomy is a relatively safe but sufficiently effective method for dissecting the papilla. It should be used mainly in patients with the postcholecystomic syndrome in order to abolish stenosis of the papilla duodeni major and to liquidate choledocholithiasis. It may be also used in the patients with calculous cholecystitis complicated by choledocholithiasis, stenosis of the papilla and jaundice, if there is an increased degree of surgical risk.