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1.
Vopr Pitan ; 88(4): 88-94, 2019.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31722146

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) determines the need to develop evidence-based methods for preventing this disease, including personalized approaches to the dietary correction of metabolic disorders in DM2, including the use of specialized foods. Aim. To evaluate the effect of a low-calorie diet with the inclusion of a specialized product (SP) with a modified carbohydrate profile (dry instant mixture) on the glycemic and metabolic control indicators in patients with DM2. Material and methods. The study included 30 patients with DM2 with concomitant obesity, grade I-III, who were on oral sugar-lowering therapy. Within 2 weeks, patients of the main group received a low- calorie diet (1550 kcal/day) with the inclusion of SP with a modified carbohydrate profile (based on maltitol and with sweeteners) with strawberry flavor in the form of a drink (30 g dry mix per 150 ml of water) for the second breakfast instead of a carbohydrate-containing dish, which provided the intake of 7.8 g of protein, 6.1 g of fat, 1.8 g of carbohydrates, 5.6 g of maltitol. The comparison group received a low-calorie diet (1550 kcal/day) without the inclusion of SP. In all patients, on the background of complex therapy, anthropometric indices, body composition, parameters of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, liver function, and lipid peroxidation were assessed. Results and discussion. It was shown that SP inclusion into the hypocaloric diet was accompanied by a significant decrease in the level of basal glycemia by an average of 17.4% from the initial level (p<0.05), serum total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C) on average by 26.9 and 36.2% of baseline, respectively, p<0.05, while in patients of the comparison group, the change in fasting blood glucose was not statistically significant (a decrease of 8.1%), and the decrease in TC and LDL-C was on average 22.1 and 21.0%, respectively (p<0.05). At the same time, against the background of complex therapy, positive dynamic in lipid peroxidation in the main group was observed: the level of blood serum malondialdehyde decreased on average by 25.3% from the baseline values (p<0.05). Conclusion. The inclusion of SP with a modified carbohydrate profile in a low-calorie diet is accompanied by an improvement in glycemic control, lipid metabolism and antioxidant status of patients with DM2, helping to reduce the risk of developing systemic vascular complications in this disease.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diet therapy , Diet, Reducing , Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage , Foods, Specialized , Lipid Metabolism/drug effects , Obesity/diet therapy , Adult , Aged , Body Composition , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity/blood
2.
Anal Chim Acta ; 1022: 113-123, 2018 Aug 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29729731

ABSTRACT

An excess of the excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate, in the synaptic cleft during hypoxia/ischemia provokes development of neurotoxicity and originates from the reversal of Na+-dependent glutamate transporters located in the plasma membrane of presynaptic brain nerve terminals. Here, we have optimized an electrochemical glutamate biosensor using glutamate oxidase and developed a biosensor-based methodological approach for analysis of rates of tonic, exocytotic and transporter-mediated glutamate release from isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Changes in the extracellular glutamate concentrations from 11.5 ±â€¯0.9 to 11.7 ±â€¯0.9 µΜ for 6 min reflected a low tonic release of endogenous glutamate from nerve terminals. Depolarization-induced exocytotic release of endogenous glutamate was equal to 7.5 ±â€¯1.0 µΜ and transporter reversal was 8.0 ±â€¯1.0 µΜ for 6 min. The biosensor data correlated well with the results obtained using radiolabelled L-[14C]glutamate, spectrofluorimetric glutamate dehydrogenase and amino acid analyzer assays. The blood plasma glutamate concentration was also tested, and reliability of the biosensor measurements was confirmed by glutamate dehydrogenase assay. Therefore, the biosensor-based approach for accurate monitoring rates of tonic, exocytotic and transporter-mediated release of glutamate in nerve terminals was developed and its adequacy was confirmed by independent analytical methods. The biosensor measurements provided precise data on changes in the concentrations of endogenous glutamate in nerve terminals in response to stimulation. We consider that the glutamate biosensor-based approach can be applied in clinics for neuromonitoring glutamate-related parameters in brain samples, liquids and blood plasma in stroke, brain trauma, therapeutic hypothermia treatment, etc., and also in laboratory work to record glutamate release and uptake kinetics in nerve terminals.


Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques/methods , Blood Chemical Analysis/methods , Brain/cytology , Glutamic Acid/blood , Glutamic Acid/metabolism , Synaptosomes/metabolism , Animals , Electrochemistry , Exocytosis , Glutamate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar
3.
Vopr Pitan ; 86(6): 56-66, 2017.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30592854

ABSTRACT

The review of the literature is devoted to the analysis of scientific publications concerning the optimization of nutrition of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 due to inclusion in the ration of specialized foods with a modified carbohydrate profile. Modification of the carbohydrate profile of specialized foods can be achieved by excluding quickly absorbed refined sugars, by using a mixture of slowly digestible and slowly absorbed carbohydrates, enrichment with fructooligosaccharides and soluble dietary fibers. Purposeful introduction of food ingredients with favorable metabolic effects into the composition of the products makes it possible to effectively correct the disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes.

4.
Tsitologiia ; 57(3): 218-21, 2015.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26021172

ABSTRACT

Cell cycle in a culture of endothelial cells EAhy 926 infected with influenza virus was investigated. Cytometric analysis of culture, synchronized using contact inhibition, has shown that the exposure to the influenza virus in cells EAhy 926 lengthened S-phase of the cell cycle. This result has been tested and proven on culture EAhy 926 treated with nocodazole. Compared with lung carcinoma cells A549, in which influenza virus provokes the arrest of G0/G1 phase of the cycle, elongation of S-phase of cycle at a similar infection of endothelial culture EAhy 926 indicates that the influenza virus differently affects the dynamics of the cell cycle according to the origin of the infected culture.


Subject(s)
Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics , Endothelial Cells/metabolism , Epithelial Cells/metabolism , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/physiology , Respiratory Mucosa/metabolism , Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects , Cell Line , Endothelial Cells/pathology , Endothelial Cells/virology , Epithelial Cells/pathology , Epithelial Cells/virology , Host-Pathogen Interactions , Humans , Nocodazole/pharmacology , Organ Specificity , Respiratory Mucosa/pathology , Respiratory Mucosa/virology , Tubulin Modulators/pharmacology
5.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 158(5): 681-3, 2015 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25778659

ABSTRACT

The effectiveness of surgery, immunomodulator "Vilon" therapy, and their combination in the treatment of experimental endometriosis in rats was assessed by the parameters of reproductive function. The experiments demonstrated that surgery combined with intraperitoneal application of "Vilon" is a promising option in the treatment of endometriosis.


Subject(s)
Endometriosis/drug therapy , Endometriosis/surgery , Animals , Dipeptides/therapeutic use , Female , Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Rats , Rats, Wistar
6.
Talanta ; 135: 67-74, 2015 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25640127

ABSTRACT

Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, which is involved in the main aspects of normal brain functioning. High-affinity Na(+)-dependent glutamate transporters is key proteins, which transport extracellular glutamate to the cytoplasm of nerve cells, thereby preventing continuous activation of glutamate receptors, and thus the development of neurotoxicity. Disturbance in glutamate uptake is involved in the pathogenesis of major neurological disorders. Amperometric biosensors are the most promising and successful among electrochemical biosensors. In this study, we developed (1) amperometric glutamate biosensor, (2) methodological approach for the analysis of glutamate uptake in liquid samples of isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes). The basal level of glutamate, the initial velocity of glutamate uptake and time-dependent accumulation of glutamate by synaptosomes were determined using developed glutamate biosensor. Comparative analysis of the data with those obtained by radioactive analysis, spectrofluorimetry and ion exchange chromatography was performed. Therefore, the methodological approach for monitoring of the velocity of glutamate uptake, which takes into consideration the definite level of endogenous glutamate in nerve terminals, was developed using glutamate biosensor.


Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques , Glutamic Acid/analysis , Synaptosomes/metabolism , Animals , Brain/cytology , Electrodes , Glutamate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Glutamic Acid/metabolism , Male , NAD/metabolism , Oxidoreductases , Platinum , Rats , Rats, Wistar
7.
Cell tissue biol ; 9(4): 326-329, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32215193

ABSTRACT

The cell cycle of endothelium EAhy 926 cell culture infected with influenza virus has been studied. Cytometric analysis of cell culture synchronized by contact inhibition revealed the elongation of the S phase of the cell cycle in EAhy 926 cells under the influence of influenza virus. This result was shown in an EAhy 926 culture infected with influenza virus and treated with nocodazole. Comparison of a lung carcinoma A549 cell line in which influenza virus causes G0/G1 arrest and of an endothelial EAhy 926 cell line in which the same infection leads to S-phase elongation allows it to be suggested that different effects of influenza virus on cell cycle dynamics depend on the origin of infected cells.

8.
Ter Arkh ; 86(10): 60-4, 2014.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25509894

ABSTRACT

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Denosumab (Prolia), a first-line osteoporosis (OP) medication that is a fully human monoclonal antibody to the receptor activator of nuclear factor xB ligand (RANKL), within an open-label observational study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients aged 50 years or older with postmenopausal OP, who were treated with Prolia in clinical practice, were examined. The concentrations of the bone resorption (BR) marker of C-terminal telopeptide and other laboratory indicators (total serum calcium, total alkaline phosphatase, and creatinine) were measured following 3 months. Adverse drug reactions were recorded. RESULTS: Three months after initiation of the investigation, there was a significant decrease in the BR marker C-terminal telopeptide (by 89%; p<0.0001). There were rare adverse reactions: hypocalcemia in 3 (5.9%) patients, arthralgias in 2 (3.9%), and eczema in 1 (1.9%). There were neither serious adverse events nor study withdrawal cases. CONCLUSION: The preliminary results of the open-label study of Prolia in postmenopausal OP suggest that the significantly lower BR activity determines the efficacy of this drug and its high safety.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/drug therapy , RANK Ligand/antagonists & inhibitors , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects , Biomarkers/metabolism , Denosumab , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Treatment Outcome
9.
Fiziol Cheloveka ; 37(2): 100-3, 2011.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21542325

ABSTRACT

This research is aimed to establish regularity of changes of the peak characteristics of uterus bioelectric activity according to outside multichannel electrohysterography of healthy pregnant women in the third trimester. The research of uterus bioelectric activity of women with physiological pregnancy at 28 to 40 weeks of gestation was carried out with use of electrophysiological methods. Three groups of women were distinguished according to their pregnancy duration. The first group included 12 women with pregnancy duration for 26-28 weeks, the second group--49 women with duration of gestation for 29-37 weeks, the third group--48 women with pregnancy duration for 38-40 weeks. The result of this research is receiving of preliminary specifications of peak electrogisterogramme characteristics and establishing the fact that the later pregnancy is, the bigger the average amplitude of electrogisterogramme is.


Subject(s)
Electromyography/methods , Myometrium/physiology , Pregnancy/physiology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Electrodes , Electromyography/instrumentation , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
11.
Anthropol Anz ; 66(1): 51-66, 2008 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18435205

ABSTRACT

The electrophoretical polymorphisms of some blood proteins were studied in the Talysh population of Pirasora situated in South-East Azerbaidjan. We calculated the gene frequencies of these polymorphisms and determined the genetic distances between the Talyshes and some Iranian populations of North, Central and South Iran, Afghans, and three populations of Azerbaijan. The Talyshes are very close to Iranians of Shiraz, whereas they are distant from the Azerbaijanians. Anthropological investigations showed that the Caucasoids and Mongoloids lived in the Aragvi Basin since the Eneolithic period. This was stated by Alexeev (1974), who emphasized the mixture of the Caucasus populations from ancient times on. We calculated the genetic distances between the Caucasus populations and numerous populations of other geographic regions, considering 28 alleles of 12 loci of blood group, serum protein and red cell enzyme polymorphisms and constructed the dendrogram of these populations. The position of the Caucasus populations in the dendrogram corresponds on principle to the earlier anthropological observations. The clustering of the Caucasoid populations corresponds completely with anthropological and historical data, and supports our earlier hypothesis (Nazarova 1999) concerning the differentiation of Caucasoids, Northern Mongoloids and Amerinds from the populations, which inhabitated Asia in palaeolithic times.


Subject(s)
Blood Proteins/genetics , Genetics, Population , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , White People/genetics , Azerbaijan , Chromosome Mapping , Founder Effect , Gene Frequency/genetics , Gene Pool , Genetic Carrier Screening , Genotype , Haptoglobins/genetics , Humans , Iran , Serum Albumin/genetics , Transferrin/genetics , Vitamin D-Binding Protein/genetics
12.
Bioorg Khim ; 31(5): 535-48, 2005.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16245697

ABSTRACT

The effect of electron-accepting substituents in position 3 of the chlorine p6 macrocycle in neutral and carboxyl-containing negatively charged cycloimide derivatives of chlorin p6 (CIC) on the photochemical and biological properties of these photosensitizers was studied. A relationship between the structure and properties of CICs was analyzed on the basis of information on their photoinduced cytotoxicity, efficiency of the generation of reactive oxygen species, photostability, intracellular localization, quantitative parameters of accumulation in cells, and cellular pharmacokinetics. It was shown that these compounds can be used for the development of photosensitizers with intense light absorption at 740 nm, controlled intracellular localization, and a high photodynamic activity toward tumor cells.


Subject(s)
Imides/chemistry , Photosensitizing Agents/chemistry , Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology , Porphyrins/chemistry , Porphyrins/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Survival/drug effects , Drug Stability , Humans , Photochemistry , Photosensitizing Agents/toxicity , Porphyrins/toxicity , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Structure-Activity Relationship , Subcellular Fractions/drug effects , Subcellular Fractions/metabolism
13.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16158756

ABSTRACT

Prenatal infection was observed more frequently in women with lower social status and such adverse style of life as physical and psychological maltreatment before and during pregnancy, lack of husband's proper support, necessity of self-dependent decision-making, tensed relationship of conjoints and their relatives. Women with prenatal infection had worse reproductive attitudes e.g. inappropriate self-vison in mother role and lack of care of one's own and infant health. Among them, deviant behavior before and during pregnancy was observed more frequently too. Prenatal infection results in more frequent labour complications and deterioration of infant characteristics.


Subject(s)
Maternal Exposure/adverse effects , Paternal Exposure/adverse effects , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/psychology , Social Environment , Adult , Bacterial Infections/etiology , Female , Fetal Diseases/etiology , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/etiology , Pregnancy Outcome , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires
14.
Bioorg Khim ; 30(4): 417-28, 2004.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15469017

ABSTRACT

Lipophilic derivatives of chlorin p6, 13,15-N-(carboxymethyl)cycloimide methyl ester (CIC1) and 13,15-N-(2-carboxyethyl)cycloimide methyl ester (CIC2), were shown to absorb light in 710 nm region and to be efficient IR photosensitizers. They exhibit similar phototoxicities on the cells of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma, which are 40- and 100-fold higher than those of chlorin p6 and the clinically used Photogem, respectively, and are not toxic in the absence of light irradiation. The confocal spectral imaging technique allowed us to demonstrate that the high phototoxicity of CIC1 and CIC2 is due to their ability to readily penetrate to cells and to be bound to the cell membranes and lipid-containing structures in the monomeric photoactive form. Under the irradiation, the membrane-bound CIC1 and CIC2 are characterized by high quantum yields of singlet oxygen generation (0.6 and 0.65, respectively) and the inability to produce hydroxyl radicals. A 1.5-microM content of CIC1 and CIC2 in the incubation medium provides for their average cytoplasmic concentrations of 21 and 16.5 microM, respectively. The incubation times to achieve 50% level of maximum accumulation for CIC1 and CIC2 in A549 cells are 30 +/- 6 and 24 +/- 12 min, and the times for 50% release of the dyes from the cells are 17 +/- 4 and 50 +/- 10 min, respectively. A diffuse distribution with the predominant accumulation in the membranes of the Golgi apparatus and mitochondria is characteristic of both CIC2 and CIC1, whereas, in addition, CIC1 is considerably accumulated in lipid droplets (cellular organelles responsible for the storage and metabolism of neutral lipids and steryl esters). Our results demonstrate that changes in the structure of the imide substituent could affect the intracellular localization and the rate of release of chlorin p6 cycloimide derivatives from cells while preserving their high photodynamic activity.


Subject(s)
Light , Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology , Porphyrins/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Membrane/drug effects , Cell Membrane/metabolism , Cell Survival/drug effects , Free Radicals/metabolism , Golgi Apparatus/drug effects , Golgi Apparatus/metabolism , Humans , Lipid Metabolism , Microscopy, Confocal , Mitochondria/drug effects , Mitochondria/metabolism , Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacokinetics , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Spectrometry, Fluorescence , Structure-Activity Relationship
15.
Tsitol Genet ; 38(5): 45-56, 2004.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15771089

ABSTRACT

Anthropological investigations have shown that representatives of European and mongoloid races lived in the river basin of Aragvi from late Stone Age. These data confirm a viewpoint of academician V.P. Alekssev (1974) that population of the Caucasus was compound in race terms from the ancient times. Situation of the Caucasian peoples on the dendrogrammes built corresponds in general to the data of national anthropologists. Clusterization of other europeoid ethnic groups also corresponds in general to the anthropological and historical data and confirms hypothesis which we have set up earlier about differentiation of europeoids, north mongoloids and amerinds of the same population which lived in Asia in palaeolith.


Subject(s)
Asian People/genetics , Biological Evolution , Genetics, Population , White People/genetics , Anthropometry , Asia, Central , Azerbaijan , Cluster Analysis , Gene Frequency , Heterozygote , Humans
16.
Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter ; (2): 11-2, 2003.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12838764

ABSTRACT

Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. A rat model of endometriosis was used to evaluate the potential for surgical invasions. Experimental endometriosis in albino female rats was induced by autotransplantation of the uterine endometrium to the peritoneum near the ovary. In all the rats endometrial implants developed into endometriotic tissues. The reproductive function and phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages were assessed. Rats with endometriosis had longer diestrus and estrous cycle. Increased number of peritoneal macrophages and enhancement of their adhesion and phagocytic activity were registered.


Subject(s)
Endometriosis/pathology , Endometriosis/physiopathology , Estrous Cycle/physiology , Macrophages, Peritoneal/pathology , Animals , Cell Adhesion/physiology , Cell Count , Cells, Cultured , Disease Models, Animal , Endometrium/transplantation , Erythrocytes/pathology , Female , Macrophages, Peritoneal/physiology , Neutrophils/pathology , Peritoneal Cavity/pathology , Phagocytosis , Rats , Transplantation, Autologous
17.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12380529

ABSTRACT

A novel method of assessment of mental performance in man (MP) is proposed. It is based on relationships between MP, energetic processes in deep cerebral structures and relevant values of quasi-stable brain potential (QSBP). The measurements can be made by persons without special training having simple equipment. MP is assessed by working gain of QSBP after intersive brain work for 0.5-1 hour. If the gain is above 20 mV, MP in children over 10 years of age and adults is considered high, 20 to 10 mV--as moderate, 10 to 0--as satisfactory, under 0--as unsatisfactory. The method has been successfully tested in practice and has certification.


Subject(s)
Brain/physiology , Intelligence Tests , Task Performance and Analysis , Adolescent , Cognition , Humans , Research Design
18.
Tsitol Genet ; 36(6): 46-53, 2002.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12557484

ABSTRACT

The matrix of genetic distances of 11 human populations of Europe, Asia, and America was calculated using data on frequencies of 28 alleles of 12 loci of proteins, enzymes, and blood groups. This matrix and constructed on their basis dendrogram permit one to suggest that the place of division of paleolitic population on ancestors of North Mongoloids, Caucasoids, and Amerinds was in South Siberia and possibly in neighbouring regions of Central Asia. Published data on polymorphism of mtDNA in the human populations of Eurasia and America were analysed. These data support the author's hypothesis.


Subject(s)
Asian People/genetics , Biological Evolution , Indians, North American/genetics , White People/genetics , Asia, Central , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , Genetics, Population , Haplotypes/genetics , Humans , Siberia
19.
Mar Pollut Bull ; 43(1-6): 71-85, 2001.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11601535

ABSTRACT

Information is presented on the concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (HCHs and DDT residues) and trace metals (Fe, Cu, Zn and Ni) in waters of 15 large Russian rivers flowing to the Arctic Ocean during 1990-1996. Estimates of the corresponding annual fluxes are made. Other contaminants (Hg, Pb, Cr, Mn, beta-HCH and dihydroheptachlor) were examined briefly. Concentration data are presented as averaged annual means for each of the seven years with the ranges, standard deviations and numbers of samples. Also given are data on locations, the methods of analysis and limited quality assurance data. Data on discharges to the Northern Seas for the more frequently monitored contaminants are given for rivers accounting for >70% of the total northerly flows. Scaled-up fluxes to account for unmonitored rivers as well are given for each sea; totals over the period were: Fe, 1452; Cu, 15; Zn, 59 (x 10(3) t yr(-1)); alpha-HCH, 25; gamma-HCH, 44 (t yr(-1)). Ni was monitored at too few rivers to estimate its total Russian flux. The fluxes for the HCHs considerably exceed previous estimates and indicate that the Arctic Ocean is not in balance as much as was previously believed.


Subject(s)
Environmental Monitoring , Fresh Water/analysis , Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated , Insecticides/analysis , Trace Elements/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Water Pollution, Chemical/analysis , Arctic Regions , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Environmental Monitoring/standards , Oceans and Seas , Pesticide Residues/analysis , Quality Control , Russia , Water Movements
20.
Tsitol Genet ; 34(5): 30-6, 2000.
Article in Ukrainian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11213628

ABSTRACT

Genetic distances of 18 Finnish-Ugric and other populations of Europe, Asia and America by 28 alleles of 12 loci of proteins, enzymes and blood groups were calculated. The data of matrix of genetic distances and dendrogramme constructed by paired clusterisation method suggested that there was the relationship of Finnish-Ugric populations and some Caucasoids and North Mongoloid populations. These data give new approaches to the problem of Finnish-Ugric phylogenesis.


Subject(s)
Genetics, Population , Phylogeny , Alleles , Americas , Asia , Blood Group Antigens/genetics , Cluster Analysis , Demography , Enzymes/genetics , Europe , Finland , Gene Frequency , Humans , Proteins/genetics
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