[Cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis: what is common?].

The review analyzes the possible effect of cardiac drugs on the course of osteoporosis (OP). The fact that atherosclerosis and OP share the mechanisms of development, among which the enhanced activity of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system and endothelial dysfunction are most important, is beyond question now. In this connection, beta-adrenoblockers, nebivolol in particular, attract attention. Nebivolol is known to be a selective beta1-adrenoblocker that has an additional vasodilator property, by stimulating the synthesis of nitric oxide. This may serve to increase bone mineral density and slow down the progression of OP. At the same time, most investigations in this area are retrospective therefore final conclusions call for randomized prospective studies that will be able to evaluate more objectively the effect of cardiac drugs on the prevention of OP or its progression delay.

[The problem of the effectiveness of treatment of arterial hypertension in smokers].

In this review we give short characteristics of investigations devoted to assessment of effectiveness of cardiac drugs in patients who smoke. Basing on results of these investigations point of view is expressed that antihypertensive preparations of various classes differently affect smokers with arterial hypertension (AH). An opinion exists that drugs which improve endothelial function are preferable in smoking patients with AH. However special studies of comparative of efficacy of antihypertensive drugs from different classes in smokers are necessary.

[Basic results of the multicenter trial NOKTURN].

AIM: Integration of noliprel treatment of arterial hypertension with educational programs on correction of associated risk factors in outpatient practice for reduction of the overall cardiovascular risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An open, multicenter, non-comparative trial with participation of 140 physicians from 14 regions of Russia comprised 1195 patients aged 30-65 years with mild-to-moderate hypertension (SBP = 140-179 mmHg, and/or DBP = 90-109 mm Hg) who had never received regular antihypertensive therapy. This one-year study had an active 3-month stage and follow-up stage for 9 months. RESULTS: Noliprel significantly decreased both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The response to the treatment was achieved in 95.6% patients, the target blood pressure was achieved in 76.2% patients. A mean level of total cholesterol lowered from 5.5 +/- 1.0 mmol/l to 5.1 +/- 0.8 mmol/l (p < 0.001), body mass index--from 28.4 +/- 4.5 to 27.2 +/- 4.3 (p < 0.001). Hypercholesterolemia occurred before the study in 65.5% patients, at the end of the study--in 49.2%, obesity was registered in 79 and 70.2%, smoking in 21.6 and 14.6%, respectively. The mean overall risk to develop fatal cardiovascular events reduced from 2.5 +/- 3.6% at initiation of the study to 1.3 +/- 1.8% in the end of the study (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The integration of medication with noliprel and training program successfully lowered overall risk to develop fatal outcomes of cardiovascular diseases in primary health care service.

[Pharmacological modulation of NO synthesis in patients with arterial hypertension and endothelial dysfunction]. / Farmakologicheskaia moduliatsiia sinteza NO u bol'nykh s arterial'noi gipertoniei i éndotelial'noi disfunktsiei.

An open, comparative, cross-over 8-week trial of beta-blockers nebivolol and metoprolol in 30 patients with arterial hypertension (AH) studied the office, ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate levels, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, endothelial NOS and NO production. It was found that nebivolol activated the system eNOS-NO and improved vasomotor parameters of the endothelium. Metoprolol failed to activate enzyme eNOS activity and NO production to the same level and did not improve the endothelial vasomotor function. The antihypertensive activity of nebivolol was higher than that of metoprolol. Thus, nebivolol can be used in patients with AH and cardiovascular risk factors to correct endothelial dysfunction.

[Potential ischemic heart disease and mortality in the male population 40- to 59-years-old over 6.5 years of observation]. / Vozmozhnaia ishemicheskaia bolezn' serdtsa i smertnost' v muzhskoi populiatsii 40--59 let za 6,5 let nabliudeniia.

Analyses of the results of epidemiologic studies of the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and the planning of preventive programs should take into account independent predictive values of the diagnostic criteria of suspected CHD. The risk of cardiovascular death is found to be 3 times as high in individuals with suspected CHD as it is in those showing no CHD signs.

[Mortality in men 40 to 59 years old from coronary and cerebral arteriosclerosis with varying cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood]. / Smertnost' ot ateroskleroza koronarnykh i mozgovykh sosudov pri razlichnnom soderzhanii kholesterina i triglitseridov v plazme krovi u muzhchin 40--59 let.

The article deals with the results of a prospective (3.8 year long) study of a nonorganized male population (40-59 years of age) in one of Moscow districts. Total blood plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol were determined in 3663 men. The results of the study show that to assess the risk of death from atherosclerosis, coefficient of total cholesterol fractions ratio should be taken into account.