[Blood transfusion support in rendering medical care in extreme conditions]. / Problema transfuziologicheskogo obespecheniia pri okazanii meditsinskoi pomoshchi v ékstremal'nykh usloviiakh.

About 20% of accident and disaster victims need the hemotransfusion therapy. At present the method of erythrocyte long-term storage in the blood banks with glycerin high concentration is the most acceptable one. There are special medical teams (SMT) in the districts. They include the transfusiologic group with appropriate reserve of hemotransfusion materials. Most of them must be stored as untouchable reserve in the institutions of blood service and large hospitals on which the SMTs are based.

[Potentials for the endonasal endoscopic surgery in the treatment of maxillary cysts]. / Vozmozhnosti éndonazal'noi éndoskopicheskoi khirurgii v lechenii kist verkhnecheliustnoi pazukhi.

To evaluate efficacy of endoscopic surgery in the treatment of maxillary cysts (MC), 152 operations in 134 patients were analysed. Besides MC, 91% of the patients had additional involvement of the nasal cavity and middle nasal passage which required surgery. By computer tomography data, all the cysts were divided into four groups by wall location: posteroinferior, superior, lateral, medial or anterior. Such division is important for the choice of the surgical approach: cysts of the first three locations can be easily removed through the middle nasal passage, in medial and anterior cysts this approach is effective only in half the cases. In the rest cases the sinus was opened through the anterior wall. In all, removal of the cyst by the endonasal approach proved feasible in 73.7%, by the anterior wall--in 26.3% of cases. The algorithm proposed for the choice of optimal intervention implies the initial use of the external approach only in MC located on the anterior and medial walls in the absence of concomitant lesions. In all the other cases, surgery should begin with partial resection of the unciform process and revision of the natural anastomosis of the sinus.

[The histocompatibility problem in military blood transfusions]. / Problema gistosovmestimosti v voennoi transfuziologii.

One of the basic approaches which provides for the increase of immunological safety of hemocomponental therapy is the use of donor-recipient histocompatible blood. The decisive factor in the organism's individuality is HLA-antigen system. Antigen incompatibility of donor's and recipient's tissues in HLA-antigen causes the development of delayed hypersensitivity and sensibilization of the recipient, which provoke a number of complications and posttransfusion reactions. Histocompatibility is the key problem for modern transfusiology and transplantology.

[The status and trends in the improvement of specialized medical care]. / Sostoianie i puti sovershenstvovaniia spetsializirovannoi meditsinskoi pomoshchi.

The article analyses the changes which have taken place during the last years in the functioning of the system of specialized medical care in the Armed Forces of Russian Federation. A new definition of this kind of medical care is given in this article, as well as its contents, components, and methods of its further improvement. The authors stress the positive results which were achieved by large multipurpose medical establishments with organic specialized medico-diagnostical units. Trends towards the further development of the system of specialized medical care were created taking into account the regional system of medical support of the Army and Navy. This article has a scientific and practical character and is interesting for the physicians and pharmacists of all specialties.