ABSTRACT
AIM: To test the hypothesis that fluid adherence in patients on haemodialysis can be improved through nurses' solution-focused communication with patients on issues of adherence. BACKGROUND: Adherence to fluid-intake restrictions is low in patients on haemodialysis, creating serious health risks. Psychosocial interventions to increase adherence have typically focused on patients and ignored patient/staff interactions. DESIGN: This is a single-group, pre-post pilot study registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT03432988). METHOD: A 1-month baseline of interdialytic weight gain was taken in April 2016 for a group of 36 adult patients in a hospital haemodialysis unit. Then, the nurses of the unit received a 4 hr training in solution-focused communication on issues of fluid adherence and applied it with the patients of the sample. Interdialytic weight gains were measured during another month. One month after the training, in October 2016, interdialytic weight gains were measured for another month. RESULTS: After introducing solution-focused communication on fluid adherence, patients' average interdialytic weight gains decreased significantly, below the level considered indicative of problematic adherence. These results were maintained at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that a novel approach to adherence, nurses' solution-focused communication with patients on haemodialysis, may improve patients' adherence to fluid restriction. More rigorous, controlled studies are required to confirm long-term benefits and to understand the causal mechanisms that may underlie the effectiveness of this intervention.
Subject(s)
Communication , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Nurse-Patient Relations , Patient Compliance/psychology , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Renal Dialysis/nursing , Renal Dialysis/psychology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pilot ProjectsABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the solution-Focused Inventory (SFI) in a Spanish population, replicating the original validation study of Grant et al. (2012). The SFI, designed to evaluate solution-focused thinking, is a 12-item scale with three subscales: problem Disengagement, goal orientation and resource activation. The instrument was adapted and translated into Spanish, then two studies were carried out to examine its psychometric properties. The first study confirmed the instrument's structure, and its good internal consistency. The second study confirmed its convergent validity; SFI was positively correlated with measures of well-being, resilience, satisfaction with life and perspective taking, and negatively correlated with psychopathology. This second study confirmed the stability of the SFI scores across time. In sum, these two studies provide additional support for the reliability and validity of the SFI as a measure of solution-focused thinking, and open its use to Spanish-speaking populations.
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario centrado en soluciones (CCS) en una muestra española, replicando el estudio original de Grant et al. (2012). El CCS diseñado para evaluar los pensamientos centrados en las soluciones, compuesta de tres subescalas: Distanciamiento del problema, orientación a la Meta y activación de recursos. Fue traducido y adaptado al castellano, posteriormente se realizaron dos estudios para examinar sus propiedades psicométricas. El primer estudio confirmó la estructura del instrumento y obtuvo una buena consistencia interna. El segundo estudio confirmó su validez convergente; el CCS correlacionó positivamente con el bienestar, resiliencia, satisfacción con la vida y toma de perspectiva, y negativamente con una medida de psicopatología. El segundo estudio confirmó la estabilidad, a lo largo del tiempo. Estos dos estudios confirman que el CCS es una medida que evalúa pensamientos centrados en las soluciones y puede ser utilizado para población española.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Problem Solving , Surveys and Questionnaires , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Goals , Happiness , Personal Satisfaction , PsychometricsABSTRACT
El concepto de comparación social ha despertado gran interés en a investigación que lo evalúan con el estado de salud. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo revisar el constructo de comparación social en enfermos oncológicos y de dolor crónico y estudiar la relación de la comparación social con otras variables psicosociales y resultados adaptativos. Para ello se consultaron las bases de datos Medline y PsycInfo y se obtuvieron un total de 69 trabajos para enfermos oncológicos y 22 para pacientes con enfermedad crónica. Para la revisión del constructo, se seleccionaron un total de 20 estudios empíricos en enfermos oncológicos y 9 en enfermos crónicos. Entre los principales resultados de la revisión realizada, estos muestran que la mayoría de los trabajos han utilizado herramienta elaborado ad hoc, dificultando la replicación de los resultados. Además, no todos los trabajos consultados incluyen las dos dimensiones de la comparación social (orientación e interpretación) para analizar adecuadamente la influencia de la comparación social. Las implicaciones teóricas son discutidas en el trabajo (AU)
The concept of social comparison has aroused great interest in the research that evaluated the health state. The aims of this paper are to review the construct of social comparison in cancer patients and chronic pain and to study the relationship of social comparison with other psychosocial variables and adaptive outcomes. It was consulted databases Medline and PsycInfo and obtained a total of 69 report for cancer patients and 20 for patients with chronic disease. To the construct review, we selected a total of 22 empirical studies in cancer patients and 9 studies to chronic disease. The results of the review showed that most studies have used ad hoc developed tool. This is an obstacle to results replication. Moreover, not all the papers consulted include the two dimensions of social comparison (orientation and interpretation) to properly analyze the influence of social comparison. The theoretical implications are discussed at paper (AU)
