Enhancing bone tissue engineering using iron nanoparticles and magnetic fields: A focus on cytomechanics and angiogenesis in the chicken egg chorioallantoic membrane model.

AIM: To evaluate the potential of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) in conjunction with magnetic fields (MFs) to enhance osteoblast cytomechanics, promote cell homing, bone development activity, and antibacterial capabilities, and to assess their in vivo angiogenic viability using the chicken egg chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Experimental study conducted in a laboratory setting to investigate the effects of FeNPs and MFs on osteoblast cells and angiogenesis using a custom titanium (Ti) substrate coated with FeNPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A custom titanium (Ti) was coated with FeNPs. Evaluations were conducted to analyze the antibacterial properties, cell adhesion, durability, physical characteristics, and nanoparticle absorption associated with FeNPs. Cell physical characteristics were assessed using protein markers, and microscopy, CAM model, was used to quantify blood vessel formation and morphology to assess the FeNP-coated Ti's angiogenic potential. This in vivo study provided critical insights into tissue response and regenerative properties for biomedical applications. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate tests to compare experimental groups and controls. Significance was determined at P < 0.05. RESULTS: FeNPs and MFs notably improved osteoblast cell mechanical properties facilitated the growth and formation of new blood vessels and bone tissue and promoted cell migration to targeted sites. In the group treated with FeNPs and exposed to MFs, there was a significant increase in vessel percentage area (76.03%) compared to control groups (58.11%), along with enhanced mineralization and robust antibacterial effects (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study highlights the promising potential of FeNPs in fostering the growth of new blood vessels, promoting the formation of bone tissue, and facilitating targeted cell migration. These findings underscore the importance of further investigating the mechanical traits of FeNPs, as they could significantly advance the development of effective bone tissue engineering techniques, ultimately enhancing clinical outcomes in the field.

Influence of chitosan and Cissus quandrangularis coating on osseointegration in titanium implants in rabbits: A preclinical in vivo study.

BACKGROUND: Titanium (Ti) implants has been criticized for the tiring wait for osseointegration, often making the patient reconsider implant treatment. Surface treated Ti implants are emerging as a promising solution with superior osseointegration, early loading protocols and shortened period of edentulousness. The aim of this study is to assess the osseointegration of Ti surface coated with novel Cissus quandrangularis Chitosan Hydrogel (CqChH) compared to Commercially pure (Cp) implants. METHODS: 24 Cp Ti implants were divided into 2 subgroups (n = 12). The test group consisted of Ti implants surface treated with the novel hydrogel and control group consisted of Cp Ti implants. 3 % CqChH was prepared and was coated on the Ti implants prior to placement in the femur and tibial heads of rabbits. Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) was recorded at the 6th and 12th week. Animals were sacrificed and subjected to Removal Torque Quotient (RTQ). The samples were retrieved en bloc and stained for histopathologic analysis. The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis using Unpaired student t-Test. RESULTS: At the end of 6th week CqChH coated implants did not show any statistically significant difference in both ISQ and RTQ values compared to Cp ones. However, at the end of the 12th week CqChH coated implants demonstrated significantly higher ISQ (73.91 ± 4.39) and RTQ (75.96 ± 14.10) compared to Cp ones. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that the novel hydrogel coating applied to the implant's surface exhibited not only enhanced bone regeneration but also elicited a new bone formation.

The effect of external magnetic field on osteogenic and antimicrobial behaviour of surface-functionalized custom titanium chamber with iron nanoparticles. A preliminary research.

PURPOSE: The controlled responsive characteristics of iron nanoparticles (FeNp) in magnetic fields make them an attractive prospect in this field. In the presence of a magnetic field, FeNp can significantly impact cell behaviour, leading to breakthroughs in nanotechnology. AIM/HYPOTHESIS: The aim is to determine the possible applications of iron nano particles (FeNp), and induced magnetic exposure role in osteoconduction and antibacterial activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The custom-grade IV titanium (Ti)hollow chamber is fabricated, surface treated with FeNp. Each titanium chamber contained neodymium, iron, and boron magnet disc, and the effect of FeNp on osteoblast-like cells (MG63) was evaluated in terms of cell attachment and survivability, morphological characteristics, particle absorption, and antibacterial properties. The effects of cellular uptake of FeNp and their responses to subcellular thrust were studied using fluorescent microscopy. MTT was used to determine cell viability, and von Kossa histochemical staining was used to determine matrix mineralization. RESULTS: In the magnetized Ti chambers group, osteogenic activity and mineralization were considerably greater than in the control groups (p 0.05). With a p value of 0.027, the S. aureus and E. coli were resistant to the antibacterial properties of the FeNp modified titanium custom Ti chamber (MIC: 0.03135 mg/mL and 0.02915 mg/mL, respectively). CONCLUSION: The one-of-a-kind, in vitro, conveniently modelled, limited sample study sheds light on the effect of surface-functionalized titanium custom Ti chamber with FeNp on MG63. The use of magnetized FeNp-surfaced implants for long-term strategic bone tissue engineering and bacteriostatic implants.

Flexible feeding obturator for early intervention in infants with Pierre Robin sequence.

Pierre Robin sequence presents with distinct features of retrognathia and glossoptosis with or without cleft palate, which results in potentially serious, life-threatening respiratory obstruction and feeding complications. A multidisciplinary approach is required to manage such complex features. This article describes a novel technique for managing Pierre Robin sequence using a flexible feeding obturator. This custom-made intraoral appliance overcomes numerous problems associated with the available feeding obturators and helps infants and parents cope with a variety of difficulties.

A fixed guide flange appliance for patients after a hemimandibulectomy.

Oral carcinoma destroys structures, including the maxilla and mandible, which often require surgical management and rehabilitation. Poor tissue support after mandibular reconstruction in patients with hemimandibular defects hinders the reconstruction of functional and stable mandibular guide flange prostheses. The fabrication and use of a fixed guide flange prosthesis for rehabilitating patients with hemimandibular defects is described. The device permitted the use of the same prosthesis for both the functional and mechanical correction of mandibular deviation and is indicated where the fabrication of other appliances is contraindicated because of the compromised oral and physical state of the patient.

Modified technique for retaining silicone auricular prosthesis: a case report.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of auricular defects can be a demanding procedure due to a broad variety of clinical presentations and a wide array of treatment options. The retention of auricular prostheses is a major factor influencing the successful outcome of rehabilitative treatment following cancer surgery or trauma. Auricular prostheses have been retained by methods including implants, adhesives and spectacle frames but the choice of repair ultimately depends on patient factors, amount of soft tissue loss, and location of the auricular defect. This article describes a newer technique of using resin template for silicone auricular prosthesis, for better retention and orientation. Moreover it is cost effective and aesthetically acceptable for patients who decline or need to postpone implant retained prosthesis reconstruction.

Modified mandibular advancement appliance for an edentulous obstructive sleep apnea patient: a clinical report.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder with periodic reduction or cessation of airflow during sleep. It is associated with loud snoring, disrupted sleep and observed apneas with prevalence up to 54% in elderly people. Treatment of OSA varies from simple measures such as dental appliances and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to surgical procedures like uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and tracheostomy. Dental appliances are a viable nonsurgical treatment alternative in patients with OSA, of which mandibular advancement appliances are most common. Edentulism which contributes to the worsening of OSA reduces the number of available therapeutic strategies and is considered a contraindication to oral appliance therapy. This clinical report describes the treatment of a 61-year old edentulous OSA patient for whom a modified mandibular advancement appliance was designed. The patient reported an improvement in AHI index and he was satisfied with the modified appliance. This clinical report describes the newer technique of fabricating oral appliance for edentulous OSA patient.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of phthisis bulbi by digital imaging technique--a case report.

Phthisis bulbi is a condition of an eye wherein there is atrophy and disorganization of the intraocular structures, leading to anatomically disfigured and shrunken eyeball. Prosthetic rehabilitation over the residual eyeball is the preferred treatment of choice over surgical intervention such as enucleation or evisceration. A fundamental objective of any maxillofacial rehabilitation is to enable the patient to cope up with his loss and endure the process of rehabilitation. The present article reports a simplified technique of fabricating the customized prosthesis using digital imaging technique for phthisis bulbi patients. The customized Scleral shell provides better mobility, improved appearance and less discomfort to the patient.