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1.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 36: e20220181, jun.2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528754

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mainly affects the respiratory system, while the most common extrapulmonary complication of COVID-19 is cardiovascular involvement. Objective: To identify the frequency of electrocardiographic changes and cardiac arrhythmias in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, including patients aged >18 years with diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in a high-complexity hospital in Santiago de Cali, Colombia, from March to September 2020. A descriptive analysis with an analytical component and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed; all estimates were established with a 95% confidence level (CI) and a 5% significance level. Results: This study included 183 individuals; of whom 160 were considered for electrocardiographic analysis, 63% of which evidenced significant findings, the most frequent being sinus tachycardia (29.4%). The frequency of myocardial injury was 21.9% and was more common among non-survivors than among survivors (41.7% vs. 12.2%, p < 0.001). Myocardial injury was also significantly more common in patients who presented electrocardiographic findings than those who did not (26.5% vs. 12.1%, p = 0.032) and in those who required intensive care admission (31.8% vs 10.5%, p < 0.001). The strongest mortality-associated factor was the need for mechanical ventilation — odds ratio (OR), 9.14; 95% confidence interval, 3.4-24.5. Conclusions: Electrocardiographic findings in patients with COVID 19 are frequent, including newly diagnosed arrhythmias, justifying the use of cost-effective tools for the initial approach and follow-up of this affected population. Worse outcomes depend on factors such as invasive mechanical ventilation, comorbidities, age, and superinfection.

2.
Rev. polis psique ; 10(3): 249-262, ser.-dez. 2020. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1289905

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho se propõe a discutir uma perspectiva ética no fazer da pesquisa que de maneira processual delimita problemas e métodos, desviando-se, portanto, dos contornos estabelecidos aprioristicamente. Entende-se que ao entrar em contato com os sujeitos que habitam o fora da universidade, corre-se o risco necessário de questionar e distender as margens fixadas de antemão. Trata-se de uma certa implicação para com as possibilidades de invenção que o próprio pesquisar suscita, quando aberto às múltiplas vozes que o atravessam. Durante a realização do seu trabalho de conclusão de curso, a pesquisadora escuta os antigos moradores de uma comunidade desenvolvida a partir da chegada da ferrovia e, posteriormente, acometida pela sua abrupta retirada. Ressalta-se ao longo desta intervenção os movimentos que coletivamente se instauraram, na medida em que os tensionamentos em relação ao conhecimento não foram ignorados, e sim visibilizados, potencializando a descoberta de novos rumos e abordagens até então impensados. (AU)


This work aims to discuss an ethical perspective on doing research that, in a procedural way, delimits problems and methods, therefore deviating from the established outlines. It is understood that when one gets in contact with the subjects that inhabit the outside of the university, they run the risk of questioning and overstraining fixed borders in advance. It is a certain implication with the possibilities of invention that the act of researching itself generates, when it is open to the multiple voices that traverse it. While doing her end of course work, the researcher listens to former inhabitants of a community developed upon the arrival of the railway and, later, affected by its abrupt removal. The movements that were collectively established during this intervention should be noted, as the tensioning related to knowledge were not ignored, but visualized, thus enhancing the discovery of new courses and so far unforeseen approaches. (AU)


Este trabajo se propone a discutir una perspectiva ética en el investigar que de manera procesal delimita problemas y metodologías, desviándose, por consiguiente, de los contornos establecidos. Se entiende que al contactar los sujetos que habitan las afueras de la universidad, se corre el riesgo de interrogarse y estirar las márgenes fijadas previamente. Se trata de una cierta implicación con las posibilidades de invención que suscita el investigar, cuanto esté abierto a las varias voces que lo atraviesan. Durante la realización de su trabajo de finalización de curso, la investigadora escucha a los antiguos habitantes de una comunidad desarrollada a partir de la llegada del ferrocarril y, posteriormente, afectada por su abrupta retirada. Se resaltan a lo largo de esta intervención los movimientos que se instauran colectivamente, ya que las tensiones en relación con el conocimiento no han sido ignoradas, sino visibilizadas, potenciando la descubierta de nuevos rumbos y enfoques. (AU)


Subject(s)
Psychology, Social , Ethics, Research
3.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 111(9): 696-698, sept. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-190354

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: la relación entre el tiempo de tránsito intestinal (TTI) de la cápsula endoscópica (CE) y el diagnóstico de hemorragia digestiva media (HDM) es controvertida. Objetivo: evaluar la relación del TTI de la CE y la identificación de la HDM. Material y métodos: se dividieron las CE según el TTI en < 4 horas y ≥ 4 horas. Resultados: las CE con TTI ≥ 4 horas identificaron más angiodisplasias (p = 0.023), lesiones únicas (p = 0.029) y yeyunales (p = 0.001) con un OR de 3.13 (IC 95%, 1.61-6.10, p = 0.001) para identificar la causa de la HDM. Conclusiones: el TTI de la CE ≥ 4 horas incrementa el diagnóstico de HDM


Background: the relationship between small bowel transit time (SBTT) of the capsule endoscopy (CE) and the diagnosis of small bowel bleeding (SBB) is controversial. Objective: to evaluate the relationship between SBTT and CE and the identification of SBB. Material and methods: CE was divided according to SBTT into < 4 hours and ≥ 4 hours. Results: CE with SBTT ≥ 4 hours identified more angioectasias (p = 0.023), single lesions (p = 0.029) and jejunal lesions (p = 0.001) with an OR of 3.13 (95% CI, 1.61-6.10, p = 0.001) to identify the cause of SBB. Conclusions: CE SBTT of ≥ 4 hours increases the diagnosis of SBB


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Capsule Endoscopy/methods , Gastrointestinal Transit/physiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Precancerous Conditions/diagnostic imaging , Peptic Ulcer/diagnostic imaging , Capsule Endoscopes/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Gastric Emptying/physiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnostic imaging
4.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 111(9): 696-698, 2019 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31333041

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: the relationship between small bowel transit time (SBTT) of the capsule endoscopy (CE) and the diagnosis of small bowel bleeding (SBB) is controversial. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the relationship between SBTT and CE and the identification of SBB. MATERIAL AND METHODS: CE was divided according to SBTT into < 4 hours and ≥ 4 hours. RESULTS: CE with SBTT ≥ 4 hours identified more angioectasias (p = 0.023), single lesions (p = 0.029) and jejunal lesions (p = 0.001) with an OR of 3.13 (95% CI, 1.61-6.10, p = 0.001) to identify the cause of SBB. CONCLUSIONS: CE SBTT of ≥ 4 hours increases the diagnosis of SBB.


Subject(s)
Angiodysplasia/diagnostic imaging , Capsule Endoscopy/statistics & numerical data , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Gastrointestinal Transit , Adult , Aged , Angiodysplasia/complications , Cross-Sectional Studies , Duodenal Diseases/complications , Duodenal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Female , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Humans , Ileal Diseases/complications , Ileal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Jejunal Diseases/complications , Jejunal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Ulcer/complications , Ulcer/diagnostic imaging
5.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 91 Suppl 3: e20190122, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31166476

ABSTRACT

Insects are the most diverse group of animals. They can be infected by an extraordinary diversity of viruses. Among them, arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) can be transmitted to humans. High-throughput sequencing of small RNAs from insects provides insight into their virome, which may help understand the dynamics of vector borne infectious diseases. Furthermore, investigating the mechanisms that restrict viral infections in insects points to genetic innovations that may inspire novel antiviral strategies.


Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Genome, Viral/genetics , Insect Vectors/virology , Insect Viruses/classification , RNA Viruses/classification , Animals , Insect Vectors/classification , Insect Viruses/genetics , RNA Viruses/genetics
6.
Biol Aujourdhui ; 212(3-4): 101-106, 2018.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30973139

ABSTRACT

Insects are the most diverse group of animals. They can be infected by an extraordinary diversity of viruses. Among them, arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) can be transmitted to humans. High-throughput sequencing of small RNAs from insects provides insight on their virome, which may help understand the dynamics of vector borne infectious diseases. Furthermore, investigating the mechanisms that restrict viral infections in insects points to genetic innovations that may inspire novel antiviral strategies.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/isolation & purification , Disease Resistance/genetics , Insect Vectors/genetics , Insect Vectors/virology , Insecta/genetics , Insecta/virology , Viruses/isolation & purification , Animals , Antiviral Agents/metabolism , Disease Reservoirs , Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics , Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology , Humans , Virus Diseases/epidemiology , Virus Diseases/genetics , Virus Diseases/virology , Viruses/genetics , Viruses/pathogenicity
7.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 86(8): 519-529, feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-984470

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar y comparar el rendimiento diagnóstico de las Reglas Ecográficas Simples (RES), Índice Morfológico Ecográfico (IME) e Índice de Riesgo de Malignidad de Jacobs (IRM) en el diagnóstico de benignidad o malignidad de un tumor anexial. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal y analítico efectuado en el Hospital Militar de Especialidades de la Mujer y Neonatología de la Ciudad de México. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico ecográfico de tumor anexial intervenidas quirúrgicamente. Se estudió el rendimiento diagnóstico de los índices comparado con el diagnóstico histopatológico mediante tablas de contingencia. Resultados: Se analizaron 141 pacientes y 166 tumores; 22 casos fueron bilaterales. De la muestra analizada, 79 eran pacientes premenopáusicas y 62 posmenopáusicas. Los casos de neoplasia maligna fueron 43 (26%) y benigna 123 (74%). El Índice Morfológico Ecográfico tuvo sensibilidad de 98.8%, especificidad de 33.3%, valor predictivo positivo de 33.9% y valor predictivo negativo de 97.6%. Las Reglas Ecográficas Simples reportaron una sensibilidad de 97.2%, especificidad de 71.1%, valor predictivo positivo de 55.6% y valor predictivo positivo de 98.6%; y el Índice de Riesgo de Malignidad de Jacobs una sensibilidad de 72.7%, especificidad de 79.3%, valor predictivo positivo de 55.8% y valor predictivo positivo de 89.4%. Conclusiones: Las Reglas Ecográficas Simples son un modelo prequirúrgico que en 82% de los casos permitieron clasificar los tumores anexiales en benignos o malignos. Los casos indeterminados deben ser reevaluados por un ecografista experto. El método es reproducible por evaluadores de mediana experiencia y susceptible de aplicarse en instituciones hospitalarias de segundo y tercer nivel de atención.


Abstract Objective: To determine and compare the diagnostic performance of the Simple Ultrasound-Based Rules (SUR), Sonographic Morphology Index (SMI) and the Jacob´s Risk Malignancy Index (RMI) in the diagnosis of benignity or malignancy to an adnexal tumor. Materials and methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical study at the at the Hospital Militar de Especialidades de la Mujer y Neonatología of Mexico City. Patients with ultrasound diagnosis of adnexal tumor who underwent surgery were included. The diagnostic performance of the indices compared to histopathological diagnosis was studied using contingency tables. Results: 141 women and 166 tumors were included for analysis, 22 cases were bilateral. Of the sample analyzed, 79 were premenopausal and 62 postmenopausal. Cases of malignant neoplasm were 43 (25.9%) and benign 123 (74.1%). The SMI had a sensitivity of 98.8%, specificity of 33.3%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 33.9%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.6%. SUR showed a sensitivity of 97.2%, specificity of 71.1%, PPV of 55.6% and NPV of 98.6%; And RMI had a sensitivity of 72.7%, specificity of 79.3%, PPV of 55.8% and NPV of 89.4%. Conclusions: The simple ultrasonographic rules are a presurgical model that in 82% of the cases allowed to classify the adnexal tumors in benign or malignant. Indeterminate cases should be reevaluated by an expert sonographer. The method is reproducible by evaluators of medium experience and susceptible of being applied in hospital institutions of the second and third level of care.

8.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 51(4): 911-921, Oct.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-778403

ABSTRACT

abstract This study examines the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles incorporated into nanostructured membranes made of cellulose acetate (CA) and blends of chitosan/poly-(ethylene oxide, CTS/PEO) and prepared by electrospinning. The formation of chemically synthesized Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The size distribution of the AgNPs was measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS), with an average size of approximately 20 nm. The presence of AgNPs on the surface of electrospun nanofibers was observed by field emission electron microscopy (FEG) and confirmed by TEM. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs incorporated into nanostructured membranes made of CA and CTS/PEO electrospun nanofibers was evaluated in the presence of both Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919, and Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli ATCC 25992 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 17933. Microbiological results showed that the presence of AgNPs in CA and CTS/PEO nanostructured membranes has significant antimicrobial activity for the Gram-positive bacteria Escherichia coli and Propionibacterium acnes.


resumo Neste trabalho avaliou-se a atividade antimicrobiana das nanopartículas de prata (AgNPs) incorporadas em membranas de acetato celulose (AC) e blendas de quitosana/poli-óxido de etileno (CTS/PEO) preparadas pelo método de eletrofiação. A formação das AgNPs previamente sintetizadas foi monitorada por UV-Vis e caracterizada por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). A distribuição de tamanho das AgNPs foi mensurada por espalhamento de luz dinâmico, com tamanho médio em torno de 20 nm. A presença das NPs na superfície das nanofibras eletrofiadas foi observada por microscopia eletrônica com emissão de campo (FEG) e confirmada por MET. A atividade antimicrobiana das membranas nanoestruturadas de AC e CTS/PEO foi avaliada pelo uso de bactérias Gram-positivas, tais como Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 e Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919, e Gram-negativas, como Escherichia coli ATCC 25992 e Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 17933. Os resultados microbiológicos mostraram a presença das AgNPs nas membranas de AC e CTS/PEO com significativa atividade antimicrobiana para Escherichia coli e Propionibacterium acnes, respectivamente.


Subject(s)
Silver , Metal Nanoparticles/analysis , Chitosan , Anti-Infective Agents/classification
9.
PLoS Pathog ; 10(12): e1004507, 2014 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25473839

ABSTRACT

Pathogen entry route can have a strong impact on the result of microbial infections in different hosts, including insects. Drosophila melanogaster has been a successful model system to study the immune response to systemic viral infection. Here we investigate the role of the Toll pathway in resistance to oral viral infection in D. melanogaster. We show that several Toll pathway components, including Spätzle, Toll, Pelle and the NF-kB-like transcription factor Dorsal, are required to resist oral infection with Drosophila C virus. Furthermore, in the fat body Dorsal is translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and a Toll pathway target gene reporter is upregulated in response to Drosophila C Virus infection. This pathway also mediates resistance to several other RNA viruses (Cricket paralysis virus, Flock House virus, and Nora virus). Compared with control, viral titres are highly increased in Toll pathway mutants. The role of the Toll pathway in resistance to viruses in D. melanogaster is restricted to oral infection since we do not observe a phenotype associated with systemic infection. We also show that Wolbachia and other Drosophila-associated microbiota do not interact with the Toll pathway-mediated resistance to oral infection. We therefore identify the Toll pathway as a new general inducible pathway that mediates strong resistance to viruses with a route-specific role. These results contribute to a better understanding of viral oral infection resistance in insects, which is particularly relevant in the context of transmission of arboviruses by insect vectors.


Subject(s)
Drosophila Proteins/immunology , Immunity, Innate , Mutation , Nuclear Proteins/immunology , Phosphoproteins/immunology , Picornaviridae/immunology , Signal Transduction/immunology , Toll-Like Receptors/immunology , Transcription Factors/immunology , Animals , Drosophila Proteins/genetics , Drosophila melanogaster , Nuclear Proteins/genetics , Phosphoproteins/genetics , Signal Transduction/genetics , Toll-Like Receptors/genetics , Transcription Factors/genetics
10.
Rev. AMRIGS ; 55(3): 269-273, jul.-set. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-835365

ABSTRACT

O teste de genotipagem em pacientes infectados pelo HIV-1 é capaz de selecionar a melhor terapia antirretroviral e auxiliar nos casos de falha terapêutica. O mapeamento das mutações, assim como o perfil de resistência dos antirretrovirais é uma forma de aprimorar e conhecer melhor as utilidades desta técnica. Métodos: Foram avaliados 88 exames de genotipagem, realizados nos anos de 2007 a 2009 em pacientes infectados pelo HIV-1, de exames realizados nos estados de São Paulo, Paraná e Santa Catarina. Entre os 88 exames, 13 destes foram descartados por impossibilidade da amplificação do RNA viral. Resultados: Observamos um predomínio pelo sexo masculino (n=47, 62,7%) e uma maior prevalência do subtipo B (n=53, 70,7%), seguido do C (n=16, 21,3%). Em relação às mutações, 97,4% (n=73) dos pacientes apresentaram-nas na região da protease, sendo a mais prevalente a L63P (n= 43, 43,88%). Entre os Inibidores de Transcriptase reversa, 68 (90,7%) pacientes apresentaram mutação nessa região e dentro das suas classes, os Inibidores de Transcriptase Reversa não Análogos ao Nucleosídeo (ITRNN) apresentaram uma maior prevalência na mutação K103N (n=25, 28,41%) e, entre os Inibidores de Transcriptase Reversa Análogos ao Nucleosídeo (ITRN), encontramos uma maior prevalência no M184V (N=50, 56,82%). Em relação à resistência aos antirretrovirais, 85,4% (n=64) dos pacientes apresentaram resistência a algum Inibidor de Protease e 92% (n=69) dos pacientes apresentaram resistência a algum Inibidor de Transcriptase Reversa. Conclusão: O teste de genotipagem demonstrou-se útil para mapear e identificar as principais mutações, assim como determinar os antirretrovirais mais resistentes.


The genotyping test in patients infected with HIV-1 is able to select the best antiretroviral therapy and assist in cases of therapeutic failure. The mapping of mutations and the resistance profile of antiretroviral drugs is a way to enhance and better understand the utility of this technique. Methods: We evaluated 88 genotyping tests performed from 2007 to 2009 in patients infected with HIV1 in the states of Sao Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina. Thirteen of the 88 tests were discarded because of failure of amplification of viral RNA. Results: There was a predominance of males (n = 47, 62.7%) and a higher prevalence of subtype B (n = 53, 70.7%), followed by C (n = 16, 21.3%). Regarding mutations, 97.4% (n = 73) of patients showed them in the protease region, L63P being the most prevalent (n = 43, 43.88%). Among reverse transcriptase inhibitors, 68(90.7%) patients had mutations in this region, and within classes, non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) showed a higher prevalence of mutation K103N (n = 25, 28 , 41%), while among nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NARTIs) we found a higher prevalence in M184V (N = 50, 56.82%). Regarding resistance to antiretrovirals, 85.4% (n = 64) of patients showed resistance to some protease inhibitor and 92% (n = 69) of patients showed resistance to some reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Conclusion: The genotyping test was shown to be useful to map and identify major mutations, as well as to determine the most effective antiretrovirals.


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV , Anti-Retroviral Agents , Mutation , Genotyping Techniques
11.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 39(3): 522-543, sep. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-636503

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El suicidio es una de las tres primeras causas de muerte en jóvenes, tanto en Colombia como en el mundo. Se abordó el suicidio desde la teoría de las representaciones sociales. La perspectiva cualitativa-interpretativa tuvo en cuenta múltiples dimensiones del fenómeno, mediante la construcción progresiva de los ejes significantes. El principal aporte de este estudio es ofrecer una explicación teórica de la significación del suicidio en los niveles cognitivo, simbólico y práctico desde la visión de los y las jóvenes con o sin intentos de suicidio. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar una reconstrucción teórica del fenómeno del suicidio desde la teoría de las representaciones sociales de jóvenes estudiantes de las universidades Surcolombiana, de Neiva, y la Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo interpretativo. Se utilizó el diseño metodológico de la teoría fundamentada. Los instrumentos empleados fueron: red de asociaciones, grupos focales, entrevista en profundidad y técnicas de completamiento de frases, dibujos y soportes gráficos. Resultados: Las representaciones sociales del suicidio en la juventud se agruparon en torno a las perturbaciones psíquicas, el drama existencial y los dilemas vitales. Conclusión: Esta reconstrucción teórica evidencia una necesaria transformación en las relaciones entre los jóvenes y los adultos colombianos, que implica que se respeten los derechos de los primeros y se les permita expresar sus sentimientos. De esta forma se podrá influir de manera positiva en la construcción del futuro de este grupo etario.


Introduction: Suicide is among the three main causes of young people's death in the world and Colombia. That is why suicide has been considered here from the social representations theory. A qualitative and interpretative perspective took into account several phenomenon's' dimensions by means of the progressive significant axes construction. The main contribution of this study is a theoretical explanation of suicide meaning at levels such as cognitive, symbolic and practical that can be seen from young people's perspectives that may have had or not suicide tentative. Objective: This research aimed to make a theoretical reconstruction of suicide phenomenon based on SR theory with young students from Surcolombiana University of Neiva and National University of Bogotá. Methods: The study is a qualitative and interpretative one which used the methodological design of the Grounded Theory. Instruments used were: associations' net, focal groups, interviews in depth, fill in the blanks techniques, draws and graphic supports. Results: as results of this research is noteworthy that SR of youth about suicide got into groups according to psychic disturbance, existential drama and vital dilemma. Conclusion: This theoretical reconstruction shows how necessary a change is regarding young and adults relationships in Colombia. The change demands young people's rights to be respected so that they are able mainly to express their feelings. This way it would be possible to influence the future construction of such a group in a positive way.

12.
Acta bioeth ; 13(2): 232-236, nov. 2007.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-491508

ABSTRACT

Este artículo analiza el aporte de la antropología a la bioética, en cuanto a su metodología y a sus marcos teóricos de referencia. Sostiene que las mayores confusiones provienen de la aplicación mecánica de los así llamados valores universales; éstas se disolverían si, cuando se interpreta el comportamiento moral, se comprende que en realidad no estamos frente a valores, sino a valoraciones.


This paper analyzes anthropology's contribution to bioethics, related to its methodology and theoretical frameworks of reference. It affirms that most confusions arise from the mechanic application of the so called universal values which would be solved if, when interpreting moral behavior, we understood that we are not considering values but appraisements.


Este artigo analisa a contribuição da antropologia para a bioética, no que toca à sua metodologia e seus marcos teóricos de referencia. Sustenta que as maiores confusões surgem da aplicação mecânica dos assim chamados valores universais. Estas confusões se dissolvem, quando se interpreta o comportamento moral, se compreende que na realidade não estamos frente a valores mas, a valorizações.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anthropology/ethics , Bioethics
13.
Acta bioeth ; 12(2): 211-217, 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-441457

ABSTRACT

La homofobia está presente en todo discurso, sólo que por la normalización de ciertas conductas de rechazo hacia los homosexuales no nos percatamos. Este artículo analiza específicamente el discurso homofóbico del personal de salud. La ética profesional dicta que este personal trate con respeto y dignidad a los pacientes; sin embargo, se ha comprobado que existen actitudes prejuiciadas en las instituciones de salud que disminuyen la posibilidad de ayuda al paciente y generan mala relación y desconfianza.


The homophobia is present in all social discourses, but we do not realize it due to the normalization of certain rejection behaviors against homosexual persons. This paper analyzes specifically the homophobic discourse of health care personnel. The professional ethics dictates this personnel treats with respect and dignity to all patients. Nevertheless it has been proved that there are some prejudice attitudes in health care centers which diminish the possibility of health care assistances to patients and generate a poor and distrusted relationship between the health care professional and the patient.


A homofobia está presente em todo discurso, e não nos damos conta de certas condutas de rejeição aos homossexuais. Este artigo analisa especificamente o discurso homofóbico dos profissionais da saúde. A ética profissional diz que estes profissionais tratem com respeito e dignidade ao paciente, contudo, comprovou-se que existem atitudes prejudiciais nas instituições de saúde que diminuem a possibilidade de ajuda ao paciente e geram uma relação de desconfiança.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bioethics , Homosexuality/ethics , Quality Indicators, Health Care/ethics , Prejudice , Stereotyping
14.
Gac. méd. boliv ; 29(2): 43-45, 2006. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-737740

ABSTRACT

El propoxifeno es un opiáceo relacionado con la metadona, que proporciona analgesia al unirse a receptores opiáceos. Se destaca el hecho de que el propoxifeno puede desarrollar rápidamente tolerancia al efecto analgésico, lo que obliga a incrementar la dosis y frecuencia. Esta tolerancia se explica por factores farmacodinámicos. Presentamos un caso de una paciente con fuerte dependencia al propoxifeno y describimos la sintomatología mas relevante.


Propoxifen is a opioid drug related to metadona that provide analgesia by binding to opioid receptors. It is remarkable the analgesic effect rapid tolerante propoxifeno can develop, which cause doses and frequency increase. This tolerance is explained by farmacodynamical factors. Here we present a psychiatryc patient with strong propoxifeno dependence and we describe the most relevant symptomatology.


Subject(s)
Dextropropoxyphene
16.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 45(2): 141-147, abr. 2001. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-282793

ABSTRACT

Para verificar a variabilidade do controle glicêmico em um estudo näo controlado de diabéticos durante um ano de acompanhamento, nós avaliamos retrospectivamente 113 paientes diabéticos. Com os valores das HBA1c (hemoglobina glicada) dosadas em 1998 calculamos um índice de controle que foi associado à idade, duraçäo do diabetes, IMC e dose de insulina. A HBA1c foi maior em pacientes DM1 doque DM2, respectivamente (7,9 (4,4-13,3) vs. 7,0 (4,4-13,4) por cento; p=0,007). Nos 90 pacientes com no mínimo duas HBA1c, 68 (75,6 por cento) mantiveram o controle: 51 (76,1 por cento)em bom, 8 (11,1 por cento) em regular e 9 (11,9 por cento) em péssimo controle. Nenhum manteve todas as HBA1c na faixa da normalidad, sendo que 26 pacientes (28,9 por cento) tiveram pelo menos um HBA1c normal. No grupo geral, 44 pacientes (48,9 por cento) apresentaram aumento da HBA1c, 41 (45,6 por cento) diminuiçäo e 5 pacientes (5,6 por cento) mantiveram o mesmo valor, sem diferença entre DM1 e DM2 (p=0,77). Observamos diferença na HBA1c e tempo de duraçäo de diabetes entre os pacientes com DM2 que tratavem com dieta, hipoglicemiante oral, terapia combinada e monoterapia com insulina, respectivamente (5,4 +/- 0,5 vs. 6,3 +/- 1,3 vs. 7,6 +/- 1,4 vs. 8,4 +/- 2,0 por cento; p= 0,001) e (8,5 +/- 9,9 vs. 5,3 +/- 4,2 vs. 14,1 +/- 9,6 vs. 16,9 +/- 8,1 anos; p= 0,003). O coeficiente de variaçäo intraindividual da HBA1c foi de 11,6 +/- 7,4 por cento (p= 0,0000), sendo de 12,8 +/- 7,6 por cento (p= o,0000) em DM1 e 10,4 +/- 7,2 por cento em DM2 (p= 0,0000) sem diferença entre ambos. Conclímos que em nossa amostra a maioria dos pacientes manteve um bom controle apesar da variabilidade intraindividual e da dificuldade em normalizar os níveis de HBA1c.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Blood Glucose/analysis , Continuity of Patient Care , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Hemoglobins/pharmacology
17.
Porto Alegre; s.n; 1998. 120 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | Index Psychology - Theses | ID: pte-29760

ABSTRACT

O estudo tenta identificar a representação social do trabalho para pessoas com grave sofrimento psíquico. Esta representação é constituída por quatro categorias compostas: dinheiro sustento; capacidade-competência; escolha-prazer e necessidade-sofrimento. Estas categorias básicas compostas constituem um eixo central na direção saúde autonomia, não se diferenciando significativamente da representação social de trabalho predominante em nossa sociedade. As especificidades da representação apresentada por este estudo, se dão menos no conteúdo e mais por referenciais identitários de doentes mentais. Finalmente, a reinterpretação dos resultados, sob a ótica das contribuições de Nietzsche, Foucault e outros provoca uma discussão importante sobre o nascimento das representações, sobre a construção do conhecimento e a investigação científica, os conteúdos de sofrimento e desrazão presentes no enlouquecimento. A dissertação é um porto de partida e de transbordamento, não é um atracadouro definitivo (AU)

18.
Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul ; 19(3): 181-7, set.-dez. 1997. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-213436

ABSTRACT

Um crescente nível de ansiedade em relaçäo à sexualidade foi manifestado durante as reuniöes do Grupo de Medicamentos do SAISM. A Oficina de Sexualidade foi realizada para atender à demanda de dúvidas e de problemas sexuais relacionados com a doença mental e com o uso de psicotrópicos. O objetivo geral era atender a necessidade de abordar temas sexuais manifestada pelos usuários do serviço, tentando, principalmente, minimizar ansiedade e conflitos sexuais gerados pelo processo da doença mental em si e na sua vinculaçäo com um referente social...


Subject(s)
Humans , Sex Education , Mental Disorders
19.
Rev. Hosp. Niño (Panamá) ; 12(2): 76-83, nov. 1993. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-158815

ABSTRACT

Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de la tosferina a raíz de la epidemia que actualmente está afectando ciertas poblaciones indígenas de nuestro país y se ilustra la misma, con la presentación de dos casos clínicos hospitalizados en el mes de agosto de 1993 en la Sala de Infectocontagiosos y cuyos diagnósticos fueron inminentemente clínicos, ya que se logró aislar el agente etiológico. Finalmemte, se revisaron los archivos clínicos del Hospital del Niño en los últimos diez años para obtener la incidencia de esta entidad en nuestro medio. Se observó gran subregistro de casos, probablemente por lo difícil de la confrimación bacteriológica de esta patología


Subject(s)
Infant , Humans , Female , Bibliography , Dyspnea , Pertussis Vaccine , Whooping Cough
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