[Hygienic training of the workers occupied in food industry].

The system of professional hygienic training for the workers of enterprises in various branches of food industry needs updating. Suggestions how to improve this work are made.

[The state of hygienic training of the workers occupied in the area of public catering: a sociological survey].

The outcomes of a survey research completed in the workers of public catering facilities in two large cities of the Russian Federation are presented which show that the system of hygienic training for this occupational group of the population needs updating. This includes improving the programs and teaching and learning materials, as well as developing criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of educational activities in the field of occupational hygienic education and training.

[Programs and contents of professional hygienic training for workers of food processing industry enterprises].

Contents of the educational and methodic materials prepared in accordance with the recently developed programs for vocational hygienic course training of workers at food processing enterprises (engineering staff, workers, administrators) is discussed. The significance of training for shaping appropriate hygienic behavior of the workers is considered, as well as for implementing in work settings adequate sanitary, preventive and anti-epidemic measures aimed at protecting health of producers and consumers of food products.

[Historical aspects of the vocational hygienic training for workers occupied in production, transportation, storage, and realization of foodstuff].

From the historical perspective some the issues of vocational hygienic training for the workers of food industry, food sales outlets and public catering are reviewed.

[Development of the educational and methodical materials for vocational hygienic training of food industry workers].

In article the problem of creation of the professional hygienic training materials for food industry workers is considering.

[The vocational hygienic training of the food industry at present].

In article the problem of vocational hygienic training of the food industry workers is presented. Offers on perfection of this work are given.

[Professional training of meat processing industry workers field of hygienic].

In the article the problem of sanitary training of meat processing industry workers is reviewed. Proposals to improve these activities were prepared.

[About raising the sanitary culture of food industry's workers]. / O povyshenii sanitarnoy kul'tury rebotnikov pishchevoi otrasli.

The article includes: the basic problems of sanitary teaching of professional population groups, also the structure of training aids and examination tasks of sanitary knowledge for food industry's workers.

[An improvement in the hygienic instruction of workers in dairy industry enterprises]. / O sovershenstvovanii gigienicheskogo obucheniia rabotnikov molochnoi promyshlennosti.

The article presents the experience of the work on the sanitary education of the workers of the milk industry plants in Moscow and Moscow Province. The Institute's specialists had worked out basing on the studied experience the program of the full-time and external differential sanitary education of the workers of the milk industry which was approved by the Department of the State Sanitary Control of the Ministry of Health of Russia the April 22, 1998. "An exercise book for the sanitary education of the workers of the milk industry plants" was also prepared and published in 1999.

[Sanitary education of workers of bakeries and pastry enterprises]. / Gigienicheskaia podgotovka rabotnikov predpriiatii po proizvodstvu khleboproduktov i konditerskikh izdelii.

The paper presents experience with sanitary education of workers from food industrial enterprises. The study revealed a number of disadvantages of the methodological aspect of sanitary education of these workers. A sanitary education programme has been worked out for workers engaged in food and food processing industries (production of bread, baked goods, and confectionery) and approved by the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance Department), Ministry of Health of Russia on March 1999.

[The status of instruction in a hygiene training program in diary industry enterprises]. / Sostoianie obucheniia po programme gigienicheskoi podgotovki na predpriiatiiakh molochnoi promyshlennosti.

Investigations of some dairy enterprises of Moscow and Moscow Province have shown that the requirements of the sanitary legislation on hygienic training of workers of these enterprises are partially fulfilled, the efficiency of training is not checked up. It is necessary to improve a training programme and the latter should be implemented only by specialists. Drawbacks in the hygienic training of dairy workers should be eliminated to provide the proper quality of dairy products.

[Improvement in the hygiene training of workers in public eating establishments and the foodstuffs trade]. / O sovershenstvovanii gigienicheskogo obucheniia rabotnikov predpriiatii obshchestvennogo pitaniia i prodovol'stvennoi torgovli.

Experience gained in the hygienic training of those who are engaged at public catering enterprises and grocery stores in different regions of the Russian Federation is presented. Hygienic training courses have been set up in the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance centers. Programs for training workers at public catering enterprises and grocery stores have been approved by the board and the Russian Federation State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance Committee and the Trade Committee of the Russian Federation.

[A comparative ontogenic analysis of the correlative characteristics between oxygen consumption and the catecholamine level of the blood and its cholinesterase activity at different age periods]. / K sravnitel'no-ontogeneticheskomu analizu osobennostei korreliatsii mezhdu potrebleniem kisloroda i soderzhaniem katekholaminov v krovi i ee kholinésteraznoi aktivnost'iu v raznye vozrastnye periody.

The data of long-standing research allowed to establish correlation between oxygen consumption different at various age and catecholamine (CA) content and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in blood. Early postnatal age is characterised by adrenergic indexes of homeostasis manifesting in high CA content and AChE activity in blood and high quantities of consumed oxygen. After complete realisation of antigravitation reactions cholinergic indexes of homeostasis are revealed in the organism. They appear as essential decrease of AChE activity and CA content in blood and reduction of oxygen consumption. As a result negentropy tendencies of organism development increase and hence the adaptive and working capacities of the organism enhance. In the old age because of the decrease of skeletal musculature mass repeated and essential decrease of oxygen consumption takes place and it is due to the decrease of AChE activity in blood and the increase rather than decrease of CA content in blood. The organism converts to hypobiotic state with entropy tendencies of protracted and prolonged collapse.

[A shift in types of nutrition and digestion in ontogeny]. / O smene tipov pitaniia i pishchevareniia v ontogeneze.

The article generalises research data from experiments with animals and observations on man. These allow to identify specific features of digestion, as well as of alimentation starting from a zygote stage, which are organised and developed by the organism itself. The following stages were outlined: hystotrophic stage--that of an embryo; hematrophic, which is combined in the foetal stage with the omntrophic and lactrophic after birth. The article discusses the extreme importance of the latter, both in the trophogenic aspect, as well as for determining the future post-natal formation of the organism advanced in the biological, as well as in the socio-economic aspects.

[Effect of immobilization stress on the intensity of Fc-dependent phagocytosis in offspring of animals with chronic pathology of the hepatobiliary system of varyious etiology]. / Vliianie immobilizatsionnogo stressa na intensivnost' Fc-zavisimogo fagotsitoza u potomstva zhivotnykh s khronicheskoi patologiei gepatobiliarnoi sistemy razlichnoi étiologii.

Fc-dependent phagocytic features of peripheral blood peritoneal macrophages and monocytes were studied in the off-spring of mice with chronic hepatobiliary abnormality. There was a depressed function of elements in the mononuclear phagocytic systems and inhibited reserve phagocytic abilities during adaptation to psychoemotional stress.

[Growth and functional activiy of the adrenal cortex during fetal development during exposure to hypoxic and hyperoxic conditions]. / Osobennosti rosta i funktsional'noi aktivnosti kory nadpochechnikov u plodov pri razvitii v usloviiakh deistviia gipoksicheskikh i giperoksicheskikh ékspozitsii

A study was made of lipid, cholesterol, and ascorbic acid content in the adrenal cortex of rabbit fetuses developing under conditions of normal pregnancy and under the action of hypoxic and hyperoxic exposures during its third trimester. It appeared that in normal pregnancy the adrenal cortex was activated, this being associated with the adaptive motor reactions of the developing fetus. The action of moderate hypoxic exposures led to a greater activation of moderate hypoxic exposures led to a greater activation of the adrenal cortex, this being expressed in a marked fall of lipid, cholesterol and ascorbic acid content. The weight of the total muscle mass and of the fetuses increased as a whole. The adrenal cortex became disactivated under conditions of the hyperoxic exposures; this is expressed in a marked increase in the content of the mentioned formations. The weight of the total mass and of the fetuses decreases.

[Characteristics of the synaptic structure and of the parameters of the electrically excited muscle fiber membrane of fetal and newborn rabbits]. / Osobennosti sinapticheskoi struktury i parametrov élektrovozbudimoi membrany myshechnykh volokon plodov i novorozhdennykh krolikov

In intensification of the motor adaptive reactions of the fetus under conditions of a not marked inhibition of the gestation dominant there occurred an acceleration of development of the synaptic structure and of the corresponding characteristics of the muscle fibers. In depression of the motor reactions of the fetus under conditions of a sharp inhibition of the gestation dominant there occurred a retardation of the development of the synaptic structure, of the electrophysiological characteristics and of the transverse striations of the muscle fibers, this being regarded as the result of deficiency of the neurotrophic influences of the skeletal muscles in the physiologically immature fetuses and neonates.