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J Chem Ecol ; 38(8): 1036-41, 2012 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22941675

ABSTRACT

The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae), uses 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane ("olean"), produced primarily by females, as a sex pheromone. We used sequential solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME-GCMS) analysis to show that female olive flies release about 1000 ng of pheromone at the onset of scotophase for several weeks, while males release about 1/100 as much during the first week after eclosion. The present research demonstrates details of employing SPME-GCMS with the partially known pheromone system of the olive fruit fly as a model for pheromone identification and diurnal release patterns in insects, especially fruit flies. The sequential SPME-GCMS method will readily allow detection and semi-quantification of semiochemicals released by insects in minute amounts throughout the diurnal cycle.


Subject(s)
Sex Attractants/analysis , Tephritidae/metabolism , Animals , Circadian Rhythm , Female , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Male , Sex Attractants/isolation & purification , Solid Phase Microextraction , Spiro Compounds/analysis , Spiro Compounds/isolation & purification , Stereoisomerism , Time Factors
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