ABSTRACT
A total of 30 archival cases of male breast carcinoma were studied immunohistochemically for the expression of CD34 antigen. An obvious CD34 staining was found in three cases. By adding the original CD34-positive case, recently published as unique CD34-stained male breast carcinoma, the number of positive cases comes to four. This case was classified as an invasive papillary carcinoma of solid conformation, whereas the three other cases were invasive ductal carcinomas, not otherwise specified. The aim of this study is to establish whether the CD34 positivity, observed in the case of papillary subtype, was a case-specific finding. CD34 expression in the male breast carcinoma, according to our findings, seems to be neither a feature presented exclusively by a singular case nor a specific immunophenotype characterising a special type. The presence or preservation of CD34 antigen in four totally male breast carcinomas may be considered as a novel finding that supports a relationship between these tumours and the progenitor CD34-positive stem cells, committed to the organogenesis of mammary gland. In this context we hypothesise an origin of male breast carcinoma from the stem cells expressing or not the CD34 antigen according to their stage of differentiation.
Subject(s)
Antigens, CD34/metabolism , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms, Male/metabolism , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism , Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Breast Neoplasms, Male/pathology , Cadherins/metabolism , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology , Carrier Proteins/metabolism , Glycoproteins/metabolism , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Keratin-20/metabolism , Keratin-7/metabolism , Male , Membrane Transport Proteins , Middle Aged , Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism , Receptors, Androgen/metabolism , Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism , Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Leiomyosarcomas are rare soft tissue sarcomas with varying MR signal characteristics and histologic pictures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the histological features of foci, which showed decreased signal on T2-weighted images in leiomyosarcomas of soft tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed the MR images of six histologically proved cases of leiomyosarcomas of soft tissue and correlated the foci, which showed decreased signal on T2-weighted images with the histologic findings. RESULT: Microscopic examination revealed that these foci were composed of hyalinization of neoplastic tissue, internal septations, deposition of hemosiderin, or corresponded to metaplastic bone. CONCLUSION: The authors explain that the foci of decreased signal on T2-weighted MR images correspond to tissue components of the lesion, particularly fibrous tissue, hemosiderin and metaplastic bone. So, the suggestion is that leiomyosarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft-tissue tumors that show foci of decreased signal on T2-weighted MR images.
Subject(s)
Leiomyosarcoma/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/diagnosis , Aged , Biopsy , Bone and Bones/pathology , Calcinosis/diagnosis , Calcinosis/pathology , Connective Tissue/pathology , Female , Hemosiderin/analysis , Humans , Hyalin , Image Enhancement/methods , Leiomyosarcoma/pathology , Male , Mesenchymoma/diagnosis , Mesenchymoma/pathology , Metaplasia , Middle Aged , Muscle Neoplasms/diagnosis , Muscle Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
This article attempts to clarify the pathological condition during which the maturation of the germinal epithelium is unable to evolve beyond a certain stage and is characterized as maturation arrest. Emphasis is given to the histological entity named spermiogenic arrest.
Subject(s)
Infertility, Male/diagnosis , Oligospermia/pathology , Sperm Maturation , Spermatocytes/pathology , Spermatogenesis , Humans , Male , Meiosis , Oligospermia/etiology , Oligospermia/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The Bcl-2 gene product prevents programmed cell death (apoptosis) and possibly promotes tumour development. This protein has mainly been demonstrated in the cytoplasm of various normal and neoplastic cells, including normal mammary epithelia and breast carcinomas. The aim of this retrospective study was to correlate the immunohistochemical expression of Bcl-2 protein with the multi-unifocality and the histology of the two main types of breast carcinoma. We used monoclonal antibody 124 to investigate Bcl-2 expression in paraffin sections of 62 primary breast carcinomas. Bcl-2 expression was associated mainly with this lobular carcinoma. High Bcl-2 protein positivity was found in this type, and was statistically significant in comparison to the level of Bcl-2 in ductal, NOS carcinomas (lobular versus ductal, NOS, P < 0.0001). In the entire group, including all histological types, Bcl-2 expression was higher in multifocal tumours (P = 0.005). Statistical significance (P < 0.03) was also found within the group of ductal, NOS cases, showing that Bcl-2 protein expression is associated with multifocality, irrespective of the histology of breast carcinomas. No definite association between Bcl-2 expression and prognosis was found. Our results suggest that Bcl-2 protein plays some role in the development of multifocality in breast carcinomas.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism , Carcinoma, Lobular/metabolism , Female , Humans , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival RateABSTRACT
Retroperitoneal cysts are most commonly found in relation to the small bowel but may be found in the mesentery of the colon or in the omentum. Only a few hundred cases have been reported. In the present analysis four more cases are reported and the pertinent literature is reviewed. The diagnosis is made by clinical suspicion, barium meal and/or enema, sonography and axial computerized tomography. Treatment of choice is by enucleation of the cyst, if possible. Morbidity and mortality should be very low, because of recent advances in surgery and intensive care of the patient.
