ABSTRACT
Resumen: La viruela apareció en la tierra hace varios miles de años y el hombre ha buscado la forma de protegerse en contra de ella. Varios métodos se aplicaron, ya fuera en la India, en China o en el Imperio otomano, y fue al finalizar el siglo XVIII cuando Eduardo Jenner descubrió un nuevo método de inmunización, mismo que Francisco Xavier de Balmis trasladó a las Américas y a las Filipinas, para poder, después de grandes esfuerzos, eliminar este peligro en el siglo XX.
Abstract: Smallpox appeared on earth several thousand years ago, and man has sought ways to protect himself against it. Various methods were applied, whether in India, China or the ottoman Empire, and it was at the end of the 18th century when Eduard Jenner discovered a new immunization method, which Francisco Xavier de Balmis transferred to America and the Philippines, in order to be able, after great efforts, to eliminate this danger in the 20th century.
ABSTRACT
El cuadro al óleo de Vincent van Gogh Los comedores de patatas tiene una riqueza expresiva única. Representa a su vez una de las preocupaciones del pintor y que no era otra que las malas condiciones de vida de la gente que habitaba en la escala más baja de la sociedad: los agricultores y el proletariado. Estampa visual que nos sirve perfectamente para entender la dureza de estas personas condenadas a mantenerse en la miseria más absoluta por la escasez retributiva de los responsables políticos durante la fase de afianzamiento de la Revolución industrial alemana y extensible a toda Europa. (AU)
Vincent van Gogh's oil painting The Potato Eaters has a unique expressive richness. In turn, it represents one of the painter's concerns and that was none other than the poor living conditions of the people who lived on the lowest scale of society: farmers and the proletariat. Visual print that perfectly serves us to understand the hardness of these people condemned to stabilize in the most absolute misery due to the scarcity of remuneration of political leaders during the consolidation phase of the German Industrial Revolution and extendable to all of Europe. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Solanum tuberosum , Working Poor , Industrial Development/history , Paint , ArtABSTRACT
Resumen: La historia de la transfusión sanguínea es apasionante. En México, esta práctica se inició en el siglo XIX y a partir de entonces los avances y contribuciones de investigadores y clínicos fueron decisivos para su desarrollo e implementación en la práctica clínica. El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una breve revisión histórica de la transfusión sanguínea en México.
Abstract: The history of blood transfusions is exciting. In Mexico this practice began in the XIX century and from this time the advances and contributions of researchers and clinicians were decisive for its development and implementation in the clinical practice. The aim of this paper is to make a brief review of the history of blood transfusion in Mexico.
ABSTRACT
Resumen: Felipe Alfonso Aceves Zubieta (1899-1960) fue un médico mexicano del siglo XX, profesor de varias asignaturas quirúrgicas en la Escuela Nacional de Medicina, y fundador de las Asambleas Nacionales de Cirujanos (1934), de la Revista de Cirugía del Hospital Juárez y de la Academia Mexicana de Cirugía.
Abstract: Felipe Alfonso Aceves-Zubieta (1899-1960), was a Mexican physician, who teached several surgical subjects at National School of Medicine, in Mexico City, and was the founder of Asambleas Nacionales de Cirujanos (1934), Revista de Cirugía del Hospital Juárez and Academia Mexicana de Cirugía.
ABSTRACT
It is a remembrance about the main surgeons who have made that surgery have reached levels of excellence in Mexico, which worked mainly during the 1st half of the 20th century, although some of them are out of this period, the surgical specialties in which they stood out, as well as in which institutions they worked, and some of the surgical techniques recommended by them. Some great doctors who were their students are mentioned.
Se hace un recuerdo de los principales cirujanos que han hecho que la cirugía en México haya alcanzado niveles de excelencia, que trabajaron principalmente en la primera mitad del siglo XX (aunque algunos de ellos se salgan de este periodo), las especialidades quirúrgicas en que destacaron, así como en qué instituciones trabajaron, y algunas de las técnicas quirúrgicas preconizadas por ellos. Se mencionan algunos grandes médicos que fueron sus alumnos.
Subject(s)
General Surgery/history , Specialties, Surgical/history , Surgeons/history , History, 20th Century , Humans , Mexico , Specialties, Surgical/methodsABSTRACT
Resumen Las enfermedades reumáticas han acompañado desde el inicio al ser humano. La cultura náhuatl atribuía las enfermedades reumáticas a Ehécatl, dios del viento. En el siglo XVI, Fray Bernardino de Sahagún relata gue los tullimientos y envaramientos se deben a los aires (ehecame) originados por el frío. En 1522, en el Códice De la Cruz-Badiano se señala como podagra a las reumas de los pies, y se menciona al texóchitl, o flor de piedra, para la contracción incipiente de la rodilla. Alonso López especula sobre la gota usando curas variadas como frío, calor, sangrías y remedios vegetales. En 1774, en la revista Mercurio Volante se publica un artículo sobre el uso de las 'pildoras marciales gibellinas' o fierro sutil para tratarlos dolores gotosos y reumáticos. En el siglo XIX, François Raspai atribuye la gota al abuso de licores, vida sedentaria y remedios mercuriales, describe gue la podagra comienza en el pulgar, y propone su tratamiento usando la tisana yoduro-rubiácea y pomada alcanforada. Se menciona para el manejo del dolor reumático un remedio a base de lombrices. También destacan los trabajos realizados por Manuel Pozo, Juan Collantes y Buenrostroy José de la Paz Bravo. En 1944 se funda el primer servicio de Reumatologia en México en el Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, por el Dr. Javier Robles Gil, quien a su vez en 1960 funda la Sociedad Mexicana de Reumatologia, A.C. Al ser la fiebre reumática unode los padecimientos más comunes en la población mexicana a mediados del siglo XX, se inician los estudios epidemiológicos para erradicar dicho padecimiento.
Abstract Rheumatic diseases have accompanied man ever since the beginning of the human race. The náhuatl culture attributed rheumatic diseases to Ehécatl, the god of the wind. In the sixteenth century, Fray Bernardino de Sahagún reported that cripples and stiffness were caused by the winds originated from the cold. In 1522 the Badianus Codex, feet rheumatism was named podagra and mentions the texóchitl, or stone flower, as a remedy for knee contractions. Alonso López speculated about gout and used various remedies like hot, cold, phlebotomy and vegetal preparations. In 1774, in the journal Mercurio Volante, an article about the use of the so-called gibellin martial pills, or subtle iron, as a treatment for gout and rheumatic pain was published. In the nineteenth century, François Raspali attributed gout to alcohol abuse, sedentary life and mercurial remedies. He also suggested that gout initiates in the toe and even proposed a treatment using an iodide-rubicacea tisane and a camphorated ointment. This article mentions as well, a remedy for rheumatic pain based on a preparation containing earthworms. Other noteworthy works of the time include authors like Manuel Pozo, Juan Collantes y Buenrostro and José de la Paz Bravo. In 1944 the first Service of Rheumatology was founded in Mexico in the National Institute of Cardiology by Javier Robles Gil who also founded the Mexican Society of Rheumatology A.C in 1960. Since rheumatic fever was one of the most common diseases on Mexican population on the mid-twentieth century, epidemiologic studies for the eradication of the disease began.
ABSTRACT
Miguel Otero y Arce fue uno de los fundadores de la pediatría en San Luis Potosí, y un estudioso acerca del tifo y de la rabia, al grado de que produjo la vacuna antirrábica en aquel Estado. Además, escribió múltiples artículos acerca de temas médicos.
Miguel Otero y Arce was one of the founders of pediatrics in San Luis Potosí, and one studious about typhus and rabies, producing a vaccine against rabies in that state. Moreover, he writed many articles about medical themes.
ABSTRACT
Durante el siglo XVIII se crearon en Europa las primeras cátedras de oftalmología. En México hubo un intento de creación en 1834, que no progresó, hasta que más tarde se formaron nuevos planes de estudio; a partir de ese momento surgieron los primeros oftalmólogos que hubo en México.
During the XVIII century were created the first chairs in ophthalmology in Europe. In Mexico there was an attempt to establish a chair in opthalmology in 1834, but it failed, until years later new study sylabus were elaborated; since then, the first ophthalmologists surged in Mexico.
ABSTRACT
The progress of medicine has largely been due to research, and for surgery, in particular, the experimental surgical laboratory has been considered fundamental to the surgeon's education. In this study, a general view of experimental surgery is given in animal models based on bioethical norms as well as to design, create and apply different surgical procedures before performing in humans. Experimental surgery also facilitates surgical teaching and promotes the surgeon's scientific reasoning. Methods. This is a retrospective and descriptive study. Data were collected from direct and indirect sources of available publications on the historical, bioethical and educational aspects of medicine, focusing on surgery. The important facts corresponding to the field of experimental surgery and applicable in Mexico were selected. Concepts of experimental surgical models and of the experimental surgery laboratory were described. Bioethical considerations are emphasized for care of experimental animals. Finally, this work focuses on the importance of surgical experimentation in current and future development of the surgical researcher. Conclusions. Experimentation with animal models in a surgical laboratory is essential for surgical teaching and promotes development of the scientific thought in the surgeon. It is necessary for surgical research and is fundamental for making progress in surgery, treatment and medicine as science.
Subject(s)
Animals , History, Ancient , History, Medieval , History, 16th Century , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , General Surgery/history , Biomedical Research/history , Bioethics/history , General Surgery/education , Models, Animal , Biomedical Research/education , Biomedical ResearchABSTRACT
The progress of medicine has largely been due to research, and for surgery, in particular, the experimental surgical laboratory has been considered fundamental to the surgeon's education. In this study, a general view of experimental surgery is given in animal models based on bioethical norms as well as to design, create and apply different surgical procedures before performing in humans. Experimental surgery also facilitates surgical teaching and promotes the surgeon's scientific reasoning. Methods. This is a retrospective and descriptive study. Data were collected from direct and indirect sources of available publications on the historical, bioethical and educational aspects of medicine, focusing on surgery. The important facts corresponding to the field of experimental surgery and applicable in Mexico were selected. Concepts of experimental surgical models and of the experimental surgery laboratory were described. Bioethical considerations are emphasized for care of experimental animals. Finally, this work focuses on the importance of surgical experimentation in current and future development of the surgical researcher. Conclusions. Experimentation with animal models in a surgical laboratory is essential for surgical teaching and promotes development of the scientific thought in the surgeon. It is necessary for surgical research and is fundamental for making progress in surgery, treatment and medicine as science.
Subject(s)
Biomedical Research/history , General Surgery/history , Animals , Bioethics/history , Biomedical Research/education , Biomedical Research/ethics , General Surgery/education , History, 16th Century , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, Ancient , History, Medieval , Models, AnimalABSTRACT
This is a recount about the prevailing ideas in Mexico during the second half of the XIX century for introducing the use of vaccines of animal origin; thus, the thoughts of men like Agustín Andrade, Angel Iglesias y Domínguez, Lino Ramírez, Fernando Malanco and Luis E. Ruiz, who emphasized this work.
Subject(s)
Academies and Institutes/history , Smallpox/history , Vaccines/history , Animals , Cattle , Cowpox/history , Cowpox/immunology , Cowpox virus/immunology , History, 19th Century , Horses , Humans , Mexico , Smallpox/prevention & control , Vaccination , Viral Vaccines/historyABSTRACT
Se presentan en este trabajo algunos aspectos acerca de la práctica de la oculística en la Nueva España (siglos XVI, XVII, XVIII), haciendo hincapié en algunos textos utilizados en aquellos tiempos por los cirujanos novohispanos, como son Instituciones chirurgicae, de Luis Mercado, el Florilegio medicinal de Steyneffer, la Palestra historial de Francisco de Burgoa, la Guía de la oculística, de al-Ghafiqi, y las Institutiones chirurgicae de Lorenzo Heister, así como en las raíces medievales que privaban en ellos, y los requisitos necesarios para ejercer su profesión.Se relatan los remedios medicinales, así como la técnica quirúrgica de la catarata durante la Colonia.Se menciona al médico y cirujano Joseph de Quiñones, y su inserto en Gaceta Médica de México.Palabras clave: historia de la medicina, Cirugía de Catarata, Nueva España, Textos Coloniales, Gaceta de México.
Subject(s)
History, 16th Century , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , Cataract , Cataract Extraction/history , History, 16th Century , History, 17th Century , History, 18th CenturyABSTRACT
Se presentan algunos aspectos acerca de la práctica de la oculística en la Nueva España (siglos XVI, XVII, XVIII), haciendo hincapié en algunos textos utilizados en aquellos tiempos por los cirujanos novohispanos, como son Instituciones chirurgicae, de Luis Mercado, el Florilegio medicinal de Steyneffer, la Palestra historial de Francisco de Burgoa, la Guía de la oculística, de al-Ghafiqi, y las Institutiones chirurgicae de Lorenzo Heister, así como en las raíces medievales que privaban en ellos, y los requisitos necesarios para ejercer su profesión. Se relatan los remedios medicinales, así como la técnica quirúrgica de la catarata durante la Colonia. Se menciona al médico y cirujano Joseph de Quiñones, y su inserto en Gaceta Médica de México.(AU)
