ABSTRACT
Stage migration is described in humans and dogs as a sequel of using more sensitive diagnostic methods. One hundred eighty-six dogs with multicentric lymphoma were enrolled with results of conventional staging as well as ultrasonographic and cytological examination of liver and spleen being available. The addition of splenic respective hepatic ultrasound and cytology findings resulted in slightly lower number of dogs classified as having liver and spleen involvement. In dogs with multicentric lymphoma, addition of cytology led to a significant shift of individuals from stage IV to stage III. Findings of hepatic and splenic ultrasound and cytology exerted no significant influence on complete remission and survival durations in dogs with combination chemotherapy. Staging methodology in canine lymphoma should be redefined, considering that the prognostic significance of splenic and hepatic ultrasound and cytology warrants further investigation.
Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/pathology , Liver/pathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/veterinary , Spleen/pathology , Animals , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dogs , Female , Immunophenotyping/veterinary , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Liver/diagnostic imaging , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnostic imaging , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology , Male , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Neoplasm Staging/veterinary , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Spleen/diagnostic imaging , Survival , Ultrasonography/veterinaryABSTRACT
Ocular manifestations of lymphoma are described in humans and dogs but rarely in cats. In this prospective study, cats with newly diagnosed and treatment-naïve lymphoma were evaluated concerning clinical stage and ophthalmologic findings. Twenty-six cats were included. In 12 cats (48%), ocular changes were documented. Uveitis anterior and posterior were predominant findings, being present in 58% of affected individuals. Other findings included exophthalmos, corneal surface lesions and chemosis. Eight cats received chemotherapy, two of which had ocular involvement. In these two cats, a complete remission of an anterior and a partial remission of a posterior uveitis were documented. Due to the detection of ocular involvement, a stage migration from stage IV to V occurred in four patients. In the light of these findings, an opthalmological examination may be considered as an important part of staging in feline lymphoma as well as of follow-up examination in affected cats.
Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/pathology , Eye Diseases/veterinary , Lymphoma/veterinary , Animals , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Cat Diseases/etiology , Cats , Eye Diseases/etiology , Lymphoma/complications , Lymphoma/pathology , Neoplasm Staging/veterinary , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
The aim of this prospective clinical trial was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of a short-term, maintenance-free chemotherapy protocol in feline lymphoma. Twenty-six cats with confirmed diagnosis of high-/intermediate-grade lymphoma were treated with a 12-week protocol consisting of cyclic administration of l-asparaginase, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and prednisolone. Complete (CR) and partial remission (PR) rates were 46 and 27%, respectively. Median duration of first CR was 394 days compared with a median PR duration of 41 days. No factor was identified to significantly influence the likelihood to reach CR. Overall survival amounted to 78 days (range: 9-2230 days). Median survival in CR cats was 454 days and in PR cats was 82 days. Toxicosis was mainly low grade with anorexia seen most frequently. In cats achieving CR, maintenance-free chemotherapy may be sufficient to attain long-term remission and survival. Factors aiding in prognosticating the likelihood for CR, strategies enhancing response and targeting chemotherapy-induced anorexia need to be identified in future.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Cat Diseases/drug therapy , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/veterinary , Animals , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Asparaginase/administration & dosage , Asparaginase/adverse effects , Cats , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/adverse effects , Female , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Male , Neoplasm Staging , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Prednisolone/adverse effects , Remission Induction , Survival Analysis , Vincristine/administration & dosage , Vincristine/adverse effectsABSTRACT
The clinical case report describes diagnostics, therapy, response and outcome in a 7-year-old castrated male European Shorthair cat with renal lymphoma. By use of a combination chemotherapy, partial remission was achieved 8 days after induction, with a complete remission after 72 days. During chemotherapy the cat had a good quality of life. Adverse effects were limited to two episodes of vomiting and one short period of slight depression. At 629 days after the end of the chemotherapy, following 1449 days in remission, a relapse of the renal lymphoma was diagnosed. During the second chemotherapy, extension of the lymphoma to the CNS became apparent and the cat was euthanized after an overall survival time of 1509 days (4 years). The case shows that treating renal lymphoma in cats by adequate combination chemotherapy can achieve long survival times with a good quality of life.
