Fracture risk in men with congestive heart failure risk reduction with spironolactone.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether spironolactone use is associated with fractures in men with congestive heart failure (CHF). BACKGROUND: In rats with aldosteronism, spironolactone preserves skeletal strength. However, in humans, the relationship of spironolactone to fractures is not known. METHODS: The medical records of all male patients with CHF from 1999 to 2005 treated at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee, were reviewed (n = 4,735). Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals of having a fracture associated with spironolactone use were estimated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: We identified 167 cases with a single-incident fracture and matched these by age and race to 668 control subjects without fractures. After adjustment for covariates, spironolactone use was inversely associated with total fracture (odds ratio: 0.575; 95% confidence interval: 0.346 to 0.955, p = 0.0324). CONCLUSIONS: The use of spironolactone is inversely associated with fractures in men with CHF.

Impact of TennCare reform on care of patients with rheumatic diseases.

BACKGROUND: As a consequence of cost-cutting changes, termed "TennCare reform," to Tennessee's state-funded health care plan, a number of beneficiaries have either had their benefits substantially reduced or have been disenrolled entirely. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of these reforms on the health of patients with chronic rheumatic diseases. METHODS: We determined differences with adherence to scheduled appointments in an urban academic rheumatology clinic in the 3 months before and in the 3 months after TennCare reform. A telephone survey was conducted to determine plans for future rheumatic care among those patients scheduled to be seen in this clinic in the 3 months after TennCare reform. RESULTS: Overall, 402 of the 601 patients scheduled for a rheumatology clinic appointment before TennCare reform (67%) adhered to their scheduled rheumatology appointment, compared with 362 of 595 patients (61%) scheduled for an appointment after TennCare reform, a difference that was statistically significant (P = 0.034). After TennCare reform, patients who did not adhere with clinic follow-up were more likely to have been disenrolled from TennCare (P < 0.001). By telephone survey, among those who were disenrolled from TennCare, almost half indicated that they did not know where they were going to receive future rheumatic disease care. Among those who retained TennCare, less than half indicated that they could afford to purchase all of their medications. CONCLUSIONS: TennCare reform has significantly limited care for patients with rheumatic diseases. The long-term consequences of this merit future study.