[Serum alpha-1-fetoprotein in pregnancy in relation to length of gestation]. / Sérový alfa - 1-fetoprotein tehotných ve vztahu k délce gestace.

In a group of 310 immunoenzymatic examinations of MS AFP by the Sevatest ELISA AFP Micro I kit in 310 women with normal pregnancies the authors detected the exponential character of the rise of serum AFP up to the 35th week of pregnancy (or foetal length of 88 mm resp.): in relation to the foetal length according to equation y(mean) = 10.544 X 1.0369x (for x = 28 to 88 mm) and in relation to the gestation period according to formula y(mean) = 7.720 X 1.1097x (for x = 15 to 35 weeks). During the subsequent course of gestation a steady decline of levels occurs and in the 41st week the mean MS AFP values decline to the level of the 22nd week of gestation (in foetal length of 99 mm the levels correspond to that during foetal length of 55 mm).

[Thermostable alkaline phosphatase in the blood of pregnant women]. / Termostabilní alkalická fosfatáza v séru gravidních zen.

In 310 women with normal pregnancies the exponential character of increase of serum thermostable alkaline phosphatase was assessed in the course of pregnancy; depending on the BDP of the course of pregnancy; depending on the BDP of the foetus according to the equation y (mean) = 0.0207.1.0415x (for x = 21-99 mm) and relation to the stage of pregnancy according to formula y (mean) = 0.0152.1.1176x (for x = 15-41 weeks). The menstruation age of pregnancy was in all instances verified by biometric findings of the first sonographic screening during pregnancy. The values of themostable alkaline phosphatase in serum of 15 pregnant women with hypotrophic foetuses (48 measurements) were only 45.7 +/- 9.9% (mean + s) of the mean physiological levels.

[Adenomyosis as a social problem]. / Adenomyóza jako civilizacní problém.

In a retrospective investigation of 149 patients from 1979-1988 with histologically confirmed adenomyosis the authors proved by comparison with a regional population sample (n = 198) that it is a disease of above average fertile women (3.7 pregnancies per woman). The operated women had in their case-history 1.3 times more deliveries, 1.9 times more spontaneous abortions, twice as many induced abortions and 5.3 times as many extrauterine pregnancies. The group comprises 1.4 times more women using intrauterine contraception in the past and only 2.7% were sterile. The authors were unable to prove a relationship of some causes of relative hyperoestrogenism (early menarche, postponed first childbirth) and this disease. The higher rate of pregnancies terminated by curettage (spontaneous and induced abortions) and the greater preference of IUD in this group of women support the hypothesis that intrauterine manipulations are the main predisposing factor of endometrial cells into the myometrium. The inhibiting effect of pregnancies terminated by lactation on this disease. similarly as hormonal contraception, are of little importance, as apparent from our material.

[Hypermenorhagia in intrauterine anticonception and pelvic inflammations (author's transl)]. / Hypermenorhagia pri intrauterinní antikoncepci a pánevní zánety.

PIP: By means of a questionnaire and medical documentation, the authors studied a group of 569 women of fertile age in whom an IUD had been inserted for a period of 2 years between 1967-72. Among these patients, the authors observed a total of 30 cases of pelvic inflammation at the time of insertion. The authors demonstrated, statistically, that wearers of IUDs who suffer from hypermenorrhea and menorrhagia were more prone to develop pelvic inflammation, especially in cases where the interval of menstrual bleeding was markedly prolonged. These women would therefore be in greater danger by the possible results of these inflammations; i.e., sterility due to fallopian tube occlusion. The authors do not recommend the IUD for young women since it might lead to the intensification and protraction of menstrual bleeding. (author's)^ieng

[The amount of deposits adhering to the surface of IUD "Dana super" in dependence on the time of insertion (author's transl)]. / Mnozství depozic na "Danách super" v závislosti na dobe inzerce.

PIP: 107 women had IUDs removed, and the IUDs were studied to determine the correlation between length of insertion and the amount of deposits on the IUD. 69 IUDs in place for 10-54 months were removed from women who reported no difficulty with them, 21 IUDs in place for 6-42 months were removed from women who had repeated irregular bleeding, and 17 IUDs in place for 5-35 months were removed during the interruption of 5-12 week pregnancies. After extraction, the IUDs were washed in deionized water and air dried before the material adhering to them was weighted. When the curve of mg material versus time is plotted, it resembles a parabola whose highest point occurs at 21 months for both the IUDs which caused excessive or irregular bleeding and those which caused no adverse symptoms. Before 21 months after insertion, the growth of deposits was slower when bleeding irregularities were present than during asymptomatic insertions. After 21 months, there appears to be no correlation between the amount of material adhering to the IUD and method complications (irregular and excessive bleeding) or method failure (pregnancy). Endometrial material is first found adhering to plastic IUDs 4 months after insertion. In metal IUDs this occurs later. Presumably metal IUDs are less irritating than plastic ones.^ieng

[Dependence of deposits-composition present on the surface IUD "dana super" upon the duration of insertion (author's transl)]. / Závislost slození depozic na povrchu IUD "dana super" na délce inzerce.

PIP: the authors examined the composition of deposits (proteins, calcium, phosphate) present on the surface of the Dana Super 3 (IUD) intrauterine device in 7 devices between 6 and 24 months after insertion; in 52 devices showing an asymptomatic course between 37 and 54 months after insertion; and in 14 devices which were extracted because of bleeding--6 devices after 6-18 months after insertion and 31-48 months following insertion. The asymptomatic group was compared with another group of 31 Dana Super 3 devices extracted after an asymptomatic insertion 25-36 months later where the analysis was previously performed. There was statisticical evidence which indicated a change in composition of deposits on the IUD surface depending on the length of insertion period. As in the asymptomatic group in cases with bleeding, the amount of proteins decreases and that of minerals increases. In bleeding cases with the IUD, this process is slowed. This observation proves a more pronounced disorder within the uterus is due to the presence of the IUD. Contrary to some investigators, the authors of the present study suggest that the deposit accumulation on the IUD surface is a common phenomen on in the uterine metabolism and cannot be incriminated as a causal factor in the contraceptive mechanism or in the origin of bleeding with the IUD in situ. Divergent findings should be evaluated as a consequence and not as a cause of bleeding. (Authors' modified)^ieng