Pentavalent and poliomyelitis vaccines: a review of the vaccination coverage in Brazilian children in the last 10 years.

The pentavalent and poliomyelitis vaccines are provided to children through the National Immunization Program in Brazil. For the last few years, this program has been responsible for eradication of various diseases in the country. To describe the vaccination coverage of the pentavalent vaccine and the polio vaccine in Brazil from 2013 to 2022. This is a retrospective and descriptive study with a time series component in which we analyzed vaccination coverage rates of pentavalent and poliomyelitis in the national vaccination program of Brazil from 2013 to 2022. The collected data were arranged in spreadsheets, analyzed, and presented graphically. In general, the coverage of the poliomyelitis and pentavalent vaccines has declined in all regions of Brazil, with significant differences each year. Although there has been a decrease in vaccination coverage in all regions and states, the most affected regions are the North and Northeast. There has been a significant decrease in polio and pentavalent vaccine coverage in recent years, and the rate of decrease differs in different parts of the country.

Childhood leukemia: Brazilian reality in children under fifteen years.

Leukemia is among the most prevalent cancers in children and adolescents in Brazil, affecting about 75% of children's public, especially males. Therefore, the southeast region of Brazil has a higher prevalence of cases, in which from 2019 to 2022 there were 1710 leukemia cases. In addition, the average of general notifications had higher frequency in 2021 with 1761 diagnoses, with higher emphasis on the southeast region, presenting 495 cases this year. One of the goals of public entities for 2023 is to offer better quality in diagnostic services and rapid treatment of these children, since early diagnosis increases chances of cure by 90% and favorable outcomes in treatment.