Subject(s)
Brachial Plexus , Neurilemmoma , Shoulder Pain , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Neurilemmoma/complications , Shoulder , Shoulder Pain/etiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The transverse myocutaneous gracilis (TMG) flap is a viable option for the reconstruction of small- to moderate-sized breasts. The purpose of this series was to examine the outcomes of fat grafting to breast and donor site secondary to breast reconstruction with a TMG flap. METHODS: A cohort study was conducted to identify all patients who underwent autologous fat grafting after breast reconstruction with a TMG flap at two institutions between January 2009 and October 2013. Data were collected regarding patient demographics, body mass index, and medical history as well as surgical details regarding TMG flap surgery and fat grafting. RESULTS: A total of 145 fat graftings were performed in 83 patients following TMG flap breast reconstruction to improve the contour, shape, and volume of breasts (98%, nâ¯=â¯142), donor site (9%, nâ¯=â¯13) or both (7%, nâ¯=â¯10), mainly after breast cancer surgery (83%). On average, 1.8 fat grafting sessions were performed with an average of 30cc fat per breast and 56.4cc fat per thigh. In 72% of patients, fat injection was performed by other pending reconstructive procedures. Fat was harvested by the tumescent technique, by using a filter syringe system, and injected without any further processing in multiple layers. CONCLUSIONS: Autologous fat grafting as a secondary procedure represents a powerful adjunct to enhance the aesthetic outcome of the reconstructed breast and donor site. It can be easily combined with other pending reconstructive procedures. With additional fat grafting, it may be possible to expand indications and offer autologous reconstruction with a TMG flap even in very lean patients.
Subject(s)
Gracilis Muscle/transplantation , Mammaplasty/methods , Myocutaneous Flap/transplantation , Subcutaneous Fat/transplantation , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Lipectomy , Middle Aged , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Transplantation, Autologous , Young AdultSubject(s)
Breast/abnormalities , Hypertrophy/surgery , Mammaplasty/methods , Mutation/genetics , Pemphigus, Benign Familial/genetics , Pemphigus, Benign Familial/surgery , Adult , Breast/surgery , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Hypertrophy/complications , Hypertrophy/diagnosis , Pemphigus, Benign Familial/complications , Pemphigus, Benign Familial/diagnosis , Prognosis , Seasons , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the association of cortical Aß with depression and anxiety among cognitively normal (CN) elderly persons. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study derived from the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging in Olmsted County, Minnesota; involving CN persons aged ≥ 60 years that underwent PiB-PET scans and completed Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Cognitive diagnosis was made by an expert consensus panel. Participants were classified as having abnormal (≥1.4; PiB+) or normal PiB-PET (<1.4; PiB-) using a global cortical to cerebellar ratio. Multi-variable logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) after adjusting for age and sex. RESULTS: Of 1,038 CN participants (53.1% males), 379 were PiB+. Each one point symptom increase in the BDI (OR = 1.03; 1.00-1.06) and BAI (OR = 1.04; 1.01-1.08) was associated with increased odds of PiB-PET+. The number of participants with BDI > 13 (clinical depression) was greater in the PiB-PET+ than PiB-PET- group but the difference was not significant (OR = 1.42; 0.83-2.43). Similarly, the number of participants with BAI > 10 (clinical anxiety) was greater in the PiB-PET+ than PiB-PET- group but the difference was not significant (OR = 1.77; 0.97-3.22). CONCLUSIONS: As expected, depression and anxiety levels were low in this community-dwelling sample, which likely reduced our statistical power. However, we observed an informative albeit weak association between increased BDI and BAI scores and elevated cortical amyloid deposition. This observation needs to be tested in a longitudinal cohort study.
