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1.
BMC Public Health ; 22(1): 547, 2022 03 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35305589

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Sexism results in a number of attitudes and behaviors that contribute to gender inequalities in social structure and interpersonal relationships. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Lights4Violence, an intervention program based on promoting health assets to reduce sexist attitudes in young European people. METHODS: We carried out a quasi-experimental study in a non-probabilistic population of 1146 students, aged 12-17 years. The dependent variables were the difference in the wave 1 and wave 2 values in the subscales of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: benevolent sexism (BS) and hostile sexism (HS). The effect of the intervention was evaluated through linear regression analyses stratified by sex. The models were adjusted by baseline subscales scores, socio-demographic and psychological variables. RESULTS: In girls, we observed a decrease in BS in the intervention group compared to the control group (ß = - 0.101; p = 0.006). In the wave2,, BS decreased more in the intervention group compared to the control group in girls with mothers with a low level of education (ß = - 0.338; p = 0.001), with a high level of social support (ß = - 0.251; p < 0.001), with greater capacity for conflict resolution (ß = - 0.201; p < 0.001) and lower levels of aggressiveness (ß = - 0.232, p < 0.001). In boys, the mean levels of HS and BH decreased in wave 2 in both the control and intervention groups. The changes observed after the wave 2 were the same in the control group and in the intervention group. No significant differences were identified between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of the Lights4Violence was associated with a significant reduction in BS in girls, which highlights the potential of interventions aimed at supporting the personal competencies and social support. It is necessary to reinforce the inclusion of educational contents that promote reflection among boys about the role of gender and the meaning of the attributes of masculinity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov : NCT03411564 . Unique Protocol ID: 776905. Date registered: 26-01-2018.


Subject(s)
Adolescent Behavior , Sexism , Adolescent , Attitude , Europe , Female , Hostility , Humans , Male , Sexism/psychology
2.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33546373

ABSTRACT

Dating violence (DV) among adolescents is a public health issue because of its negative health consequences. In this study, we aimed to analyse the prevalence and the psychosocial and socioeconomic risk and protective factors associated DV among male and female adolescents in Europe. It was performed a cross-sectional study based on a non-probabilistic sample of 1555 students aged 13-16 years (2018-2019). The global prevalence of DV victimization was significantly greater among girls than boys (girls: 34.1%, boys: 26.7%; p = 0.012). The prevalence of DV in both girls and boys was greater for those over age 15 (girls: 48.5% p < 0.001; boys: 35.9%; p = 0.019). There was an increased likelihood of DV victimization among girls whose fathers did not have paid employment (p = 0.024), who suffered abuse in childhood, and reported higher Benevolent Sexism [PR (CI 95%): 1.01 (1.00-1.03)] and machismo [1.02 (1.00-1.05)]. In the case of boys, the likelihood of DV increased with abuse in childhood (p = 0.018), lower parental support [0.97 (0.96-0.99)], high hostile sexism scores (p = 0.019), lower acceptance of violence (p = 0.009) and high machismo (p < 0.001). Abuse in childhood was shown to be the main factor associated with being a victim of DV in both population groups, as well as sexism and machismo attitudes. These results may contribute to future DV prevention school programs for both, teenagers and children of elementary school ages.


Subject(s)
Adolescent Behavior , Bullying , Crime Victims , Intimate Partner Violence , Adolescent , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Europe , Female , Humans , Male
3.
J Child Adolesc Trauma ; 11(2): 197-204, 2018 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32318150

ABSTRACT

In this study, we compare Portuguese and Cape Verdean youths' upholding of traditional beliefs about intimate partner violence (IPV) and the frequency of self-reported violent behavior in dating relationships. The sample (n = 404) consisted of 183 Cape Verdean and 221 Portuguese secondary school students of both sexes (56 % female; mean age = 16). We used two questionnaires that had previously been validated in the Portuguese population. The results revealed that young Cape Verdean adolescents uphold stronger traditional beliefs than Portuguese adolescents do, but there were no differences in overall prevalence of abuse between the two samples. The relationship between traditional beliefs and self-reported violence was significant only in the Cape Verdean sample, suggesting that campaigns against IPV have not, so far, been as effective in Cape Verde as in Portugal.

4.
Estud. psicol. (Campinas) ; 33(4): 723-733, out.-dez. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-796088

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este texto procura discutir teoricamente a importância de se analisar as migrações a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero. Tomando como referência uma das mais marcantes características da era atual das migrações, a feminização, aponta-se a necessidade de refletir e questionar os processos e as dinâmicas subjacentes às migrações femininas e às suas características específicas. São apreciados neste texto os contributos das teorias feministas para o entendimento das migrações das mulheres, assim como são observadas as implicações de se considerar as migrações um fenômeno genderizado. São também sistematizados alguns dos estudos sobre mulheres imigrantes realizados em Portugal mais recentemente, mapeando-se as temáticas mais abordadas e os resultados alcançados.


Abstract This study aims to theoretically discuss the importance of analyzing migrations from a gender perspective. Based on one of the most striking features of migrations in the modern age - the feminization of migrations -, we point out the need to reflect and analyze the processes and dynamics underlying female migration and their specific characteristics. This paper examines the contributions of feminist theories to the understanding of women's migrations and the implications of considering migrations a gendered phenomenon. Some recent studies on immigrant women in Portugal were systematized, mapping the most frequently addressed topics and the results achieved.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Feminism , Gender Identity , Human Migration , Portugal
5.
Coluna/Columna ; 13(4): 325-327, 12/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732422

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to highlight the possibility of dysphagia induced by anterior cervical osteophytes. When not diagnosed early this condition may be responsible for complications such as severe dysphagia and potential lung aspiration, especially in elderly patients. Analysis of a case report of a 72-year old woman who presented cervical pain and progressive dysphagia. Imaging studies have shown anterior cervical osteophytosis and multilevel degenerative changes in the cervical spine. The patient underwent surgical excision of the cervical anterior osteophytes (C4, C5 and C6) and C5/C6 arthrodesis through anterior approach. The postoperative period was uneventful and symptoms resolved within 2 weeks. Early diagnosis and treatment led to complete resolution, avoiding late and serious complications associated with this pathology in the geriatric population, especially severe and progressive dysphagia and risk of pulmonary aspiration, and the consequent morbidity and mortality associated. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for the correct assessment of this condition.


O objetivo do trabalho é salientar a possibilidade de disfagia induzida por osteofitose cervical anterior. Quando não diagnosticada precocemente essa afecção pode ser responsável por complicações como disfagia grave e aspiração pulmonar, sobretudo nos doentes idosos. Análise de caso clínico de doente do sexo feminino com 72 anos de idade que apresentava dor cervical e disfagia progressiva. Foram realizados exames de imagem que revelaram osteofitose cervical anterior e alterações degenerativas em diversos níveis. A paciente foi submetida à excisão cirúrgica dos osteófitos cervicais anteriores (C4, C5 e C6) e à artrodese de C5-C6 por acesso cervical anterior. O período pós-operatório decorreu sem complicações com remissão dos sintomas em duas semanas. O diagnóstico e tratamento precoces permitiram a resolução completa, evitando as complicações tardias e graves associadas a essa patologia na população geriátrica, sobretudo disfagia grave e progressiva e risco de aspiração pulmonar, com a consequente morbimortalidade a elas associada. A abordagem multidisciplinar é fundamental para a avaliação correta desse quadro.


El objetivo de este trabajo es salientar la posibilidad de disfagia inducida por osteofitosis cervical anterior. Cuando no es diagnosticada precozmente esta afección puede ser responsable por complicaciones como disfagia grave y aspiración pulmonar, sobre todo en los enfermos ancianos. Análisis de caso clínico de enfermo del sexo femenino con 72 años de edad que presentaba dolor cervical y disfagia progresiva. Fueron realizados exámenes de imagen que revelaron osteofitosis cervical anterior y alteraciones degenerativas en diversos niveles. La paciente fue sometida a escisión quirúrgica de los osteófitos cervicales anteriores (C4, C5 e C6) y a la artrodesis de C5-C6 por acceso cervical anterior. El período postoperatorio transcurrió sin complicaciones con remisión de los síntomas en dos semanas. El diagnóstico y tratamiento precoces permitieron la resolución completa, evitando las complicaciones tardías y graves asociadas a esa patología en la población geriátrica, sobre todo disfagia grave y progresiva y riesgo de aspiración pulmonar, con la consiguiente morbimortalidad a ellas asociada. El abordaje multidisciplinario es fundamental para la evaluación correcta de ese cuadro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Spinal Osteophytosis/complications , Arthrodesis , Deglutition Disorders , Osteophyte/surgery
6.
Psico (Porto Alegre) ; 41(4): 455-461, out.-dez. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-51646

ABSTRACT

A conciliação entre a vida familiar e profissional é uma temática estreitamente relacionada com as mudanças sociais, em particular com a integração das mulheres no mercado de trabalho e a progressiva alteração dos papéis de género. Apesar destas mudanças importa pensar os valores e normas sociais relacionados com o papel das mulheres na educação e na família, como conciliar o trabalho necessário com as responsabilidades familiares e em que medida as transformações femininas no mundo doméstico para o público correspondem às transformações masculinas no sentido inverso. Este texto procura reflectir à luz da perspectiva feminista sobre a importância de se considerar e estudar as trajectórias femininas evidenciando a necessidade da conciliação trabalho-família enquanto requisito básico para a igualdade.(AU)


The conciliation between the familiar and professional life is a thematic strictly related with the social changes, especially with women’s integration in the market of work and the gradual alteration of the papers of gender. Although these changes, it’s important think the values and social norms related with the paper of the women in education and family, as to conciliate the necessary work with the familiar responsibilities and how the feminine transformations in the domestic world for the public correspond to the masculine transformations in opposite direction. This text tries to reflect on perspective feminist the importance of considering and studying the feminine trajectories, evidencing the necessity of work-family conciliation as basic requisite for the equality.(AU)


La conciliación entre la vida familiar y profesional es una temática estrechamente relacionada con los cambios sociales, particularmente con la integración de las mujeres en el mercado del trabajo y de la alteración gradual de los papeles de género. Aunque estos cambios importan para pensar los valores relacionados y las normas sociales con el papel de las mujeres en la educación y en la familia, como conciliar el trabajo necesario con las responsabilidades familiares y en qué medida las transformaciones femeninas en el mundo doméstico para el público corresponden a las transformaciones masculinas en la dirección inversa. Este texto busca reflectir, a la luz de la perspectiva feminista, sobre la importancia de considerar y estudiar la trayectoria femenina que evidencia la necesidad de la conciliación trabajo-familia indispensable para la igualdad.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychology , Emigration and Immigration , Work
7.
Psico (Porto Alegre) ; 41(4): 455-461, out.-dez. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-643554

ABSTRACT

A conciliação entre a vida familiar e profissional é uma temática estreitamente relacionada com as mudanças sociais, em particular com a integração das mulheres no mercado de trabalho e a progressiva alteração dos papéis de género. Apesar destas mudanças importa pensar os valores e normas sociais relacionados com o papel das mulheres na educação e na família, como conciliar o trabalho necessário com as responsabilidades familiares e em que medida as transformações femininas no mundo doméstico para o público correspondem às transformações masculinas no sentido inverso. Este texto procura reflectir à luz da perspectiva feminista sobre a importância de se considerar e estudar as trajectórias femininas evidenciando a necessidade da conciliação trabalho-família enquanto requisito básico para a igualdade.


The conciliation between the familiar and professional life is a thematic strictly related with the social changes, especially with women’s integration in the market of work and the gradual alteration of the papers of gender. Although these changes, it’s important think the values and social norms related with the paper of the women in education and family, as to conciliate the necessary work with the familiar responsibilities and how the feminine transformations in the domestic world for the public correspond to the masculine transformations in opposite direction. This text tries to reflect on perspective feminist the importance of considering and studying the feminine trajectories, evidencing the necessity of work-family conciliation as basic requisite for the equality.


La conciliación entre la vida familiar y profesional es una temática estrechamente relacionada con los cambios sociales, particularmente con la integración de las mujeres en el mercado del trabajo y de la alteración gradual de los papeles de género. Aunque estos cambios importan para pensar los valores relacionados y las normas sociales con el papel de las mujeres en la educación y en la familia, como conciliar el trabajo necesario con las responsabilidades familiares y en qué medida las transformaciones femeninas en el mundo doméstico para el público corresponden a las transformaciones masculinas en la dirección inversa. Este texto busca reflectir, a la luz de la perspectiva feminista, sobre la importancia de considerar y estudiar la trayectoria femenina que evidencia la necesidad de la conciliación trabajo-familia indispensable para la igualdad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Emigration and Immigration , Psychology , Work
8.
Psico (Porto Alegre) ; 41(3): 366-373, jul.-set. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-51589

ABSTRACT

O processo migratório pode constituir um factor de risco para a saúde, podendo acarretar uma maior vulnerabilidade em relação a problemas de saúde em geral (Carballo et al., 1998) e de saúde mental em particular, devido não só à dureza do processo migratório (Carta et al., 2005), mas também à exposição quotidiana a formas de discriminação (in Pusseti, Ferreira, Lechner & Santinho, 2009). Se existe um elevado desconhecimento do acesso efectivo dos/as imigrantes aos cuidados de saúde (Fonseca, Silva, Esteves & McGarrigle, 2009) mais acentuado é no que se concerne à mulher imigrante. Esta apresentação pretende evidenciar e reflectir sobre a necessidade dos países de acolhimento desenvolverem políticas a nível dos serviços de saúde, à luz dos feminismos, tendo em conta o estatuto de mulher e imigrante. Trata-se uma reflexão teórica sobre o tema que está a ser trabalhado empiricamente no âmbito de um doutoramento em Psicologia Social.(AU)


The migration process can be a health factor risk, which may cause greater vulnerability to health problems in general (Carballo et al., 1998) and mental health in particular, not only because of the hardness of migration process (Charter et al., 2005), but also to exposure to everyday forms of discrimination (in Pusseti, Ferreira, Lechner & Santinho, 2009). If there is a high lack of effective access to the immigrants health care (Fonseca, Silva, Esteves & McGarrigle, 2009) more pronounced is in related to immigrant women. Its accessibility is very dependent on the situation of legality or illegality of their economic status, (un) aware of their rights of access to care health and their beliefs (2004 World Survey on the Role of Women in Development, 2006). This paper aims to highlight and reflect, under feminist perspective, on the need for host countries develop policies on the level of health services, given a real status to being a women and an immigrant. This is a theoretical reflection on the topic that is being worked empirically under a Ph.D. in Social Psychology.(AU)


El proceso de migración puede ser un factor de riesgo para la salud y puede conducir a una mayor vulnerabilidad a los problemas de salud en general (Carballo et al., 1998) y la salud mental, en particular, debido no sólo a la dureza del proceso de migración (Carta et al., 2005), sino también la exposición formas cotidianas de discriminación (in Pusseti, Ferreira, Lechner & Santinho, 2009). Si hay una falta de alta de un acceso efectivo hacia los inmigrantes cuidado de la salud (Fonseca, Silva, Esteves & McGarrigle, 2009) más pronunciado es en relación con las mujeres inmigrantes. Esta presentación tiene por objetivo destacar y reflexionar sobre la necesidad de los países de acogida desarrollar políticas en el nivel de los servicios de salud, a la luz del feminismo, dada la situación de las mujeres y los inmigrantes. Se trata de una reflexión teórica sobre el tema que se está trabajando empíricamente el marco de un doctorado en Psicología Social.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Psychology, Social , Women's Health , Emigrants and Immigrants
9.
Psico (Porto Alegre) ; 41(3): 366-373, jul.-set. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-643534

ABSTRACT

O processo migratório pode constituir um factor de risco para a saúde, podendo acarretar uma maior vulnerabilidade em relação a problemas de saúde em geral (Carballo et al., 1998) e de saúde mental em particular, devido não só à dureza do processo migratório (Carta et al., 2005), mas também à exposição quotidiana a formas de discriminação (in Pusseti, Ferreira, Lechner & Santinho, 2009). Se existe um elevado desconhecimento do acesso efectivo dos/as imigrantes aos cuidados de saúde (Fonseca, Silva, Esteves & McGarrigle, 2009) mais acentuado é no que se concerne à mulher imigrante. Esta apresentação pretende evidenciar e reflectir sobre a necessidade dos países de acolhimento desenvolverem políticas a nível dos serviços de saúde, à luz dos feminismos, tendo em conta o estatuto de mulher e imigrante. Trata-se uma reflexão teórica sobre o tema que está a ser trabalhado empiricamente no âmbito de um doutoramento em Psicologia Social.


The migration process can be a health factor risk, which may cause greater vulnerability to health problems in general (Carballo et al., 1998) and mental health in particular, not only because of the hardness of migration process (Charter et al., 2005), but also to exposure to everyday forms of discrimination (in Pusseti, Ferreira, Lechner & Santinho, 2009). If there is a high lack of effective access to the immigrants health care (Fonseca, Silva, Esteves & McGarrigle, 2009) more pronounced is in related to immigrant women. Its accessibility is very dependent on the situation of legality or illegality of their economic status, (un) aware of their rights of access to care health and their beliefs (2004 World Survey on the Role of Women in Development, 2006). This paper aims to highlight and reflect, under feminist perspective, on the need for host countries develop policies on the level of health services, given a real status to being a women and an immigrant. This is a theoretical reflection on the topic that is being worked empirically under a Ph.D. in Social Psychology.


El proceso de migración puede ser un factor de riesgo para la salud y puede conducir a una mayor vulnerabilidad a los problemas de salud en general (Carballo et al., 1998) y la salud mental, en particular, debido no sólo a la dureza del proceso de migración (Carta et al., 2005), sino también la exposición formas cotidianas de discriminación (in Pusseti, Ferreira, Lechner & Santinho, 2009). Si hay una falta de alta de un acceso efectivo hacia los inmigrantes cuidado de la salud (Fonseca, Silva, Esteves & McGarrigle, 2009) más pronunciado es en relación con las mujeres inmigrantes. Esta presentación tiene por objetivo destacar y reflexionar sobre la necesidad de los países de acogida desarrollar políticas en el nivel de los servicios de salud, a la luz del feminismo, dada la situación de las mujeres y los inmigrantes. Se trata de una reflexión teórica sobre el tema que se está trabajando empíricamente el marco de un doctorado en Psicología Social.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Emigrants and Immigrants , Psychology, Social , Women's Health
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