Changes in access to water and incidence of waterborne diseases after the Vale dam collapse in Brumadinho (MG), Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To describe, within the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation (HRWS) framework, the access to water supply services and the incidence of waterborne diseases in the communities affected by the dam disaster in Brumadinho (MG), Brazil. METHODS: A quantitative and qualitative methodology was used, having as variables information on access to water supply services and waterborne diseases. The primary data were extracted from the "Brumadinho Health Project", using a sample stratum with 981 people interviewed, totaling 92.5% of the eligible population in the affected communities of Córrego do Feijão and Parque da Cachoeira. The secondary data from Brumadinho was extracted from the project "Sanitation conditions and the River Basin of the B1 River Basin of Mineradora Vale between 2017 and 2020", available in public databases between 2017 and 2020, and qualitative data was collected in 2022 through individual interviews with health professional also live in the communities. RESULTS: With regard to access to water supply services, the results of this combined data analysis indicate that the HRWS is being neglected, especially with regard to availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of water. The study also shows a significant increase in the incidence of waterborne diseases in the region after the disaster. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to use the HRWS as the basis to the implementation of public policies aiming to reduce vulnerability in access to water supply services.

Changes in access to water and incidence of waterborne diseases after the Vale dam collapse in Brumadinho (MG), Brazil / Alterações no acesso à água e na incidência de doenças de veiculação hídrica após o rompimento da barragem da Vale em Brumadinho (MG)

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe, within the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation (HRWS) framework, the access to water supply services and the incidence of waterborne diseases in the communities affected by the dam disaster in Brumadinho (MG), Brazil. Methods: A quantitative and qualitative methodology was used, having as variables information on access to water supply services and waterborne diseases. The primary data were extracted from the "Brumadinho Health Project", using a sample stratum with 981 people interviewed, totaling 92.5% of the eligible population in the affected communities of Córrego do Feijão and Parque da Cachoeira. The secondary data from Brumadinho was extracted from the project "Sanitation conditions and the River Basin of the B1 River Basin of Mineradora Vale between 2017 and 2020", available in public databases between 2017 and 2020, and qualitative data was collected in 2022 through individual interviews with health professional also live in the communities. Results: With regard to access to water supply services, the results of this combined data analysis indicate that the HRWS is being neglected, especially with regard to availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of water. The study also shows a significant increase in the incidence of waterborne diseases in the region after the disaster. Conclusion: It is necessary to use the HRWS as the basis to the implementation of public policies aiming to reduce vulnerability in access to water supply services.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever, na ótica dos direitos humanos à água e ao esgotamento sanitário (DHAES), o acesso à água e a incidência de doenças de veiculação hídrica na região atingida pelo rompimento da barragem da Mina B1 em Brumadinho (MG). Métodos: Utilizou-se a metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa, tendo como variáveis, em ambos os métodos, informações sobre o acesso à água e as doenças de veiculação hídrica. Os dados primários foram extraídos do Projeto de Saúde Brumadinho, sendo aqui utilizado um estrato amostral com 981 pessoas entrevistadas, totalizando 92,5% da população elegível das comunidades atingidas de Córrego do Feijão e Parque da Cachoeira. Os dados secundários de Brumadinho foram coletados pelo Projeto Condições de Saneamento e Saúde da População da Bacia do Rio Paraopeba, a Jusante da Barragem B1 da Mineradora Vale, entre 2017 e 2020, em banco de dados públicos entre 2017 e 2020, e os dados qualitativos foram coletados em 2022 por meio de entrevistas individuais com profissionais de saúde residentes nas comunidades atingidas. Resultados: No tocante ao acesso à água, a análise combinada dos dados apontou que os DHAES estão sendo negligenciados na região, de maneira especial no que se refere à disponibilidade, acessibilidade física, aceitabilidade e qualidade da água. Observou-se também que houve aumento significativo na incidência das doenças de veiculação hídrica na região após o desastre. Conclusão: É necessária utilização dos DHAES como marco referencial na implementação de políticas públicas voltadas para reduzir as situações de vulnerabilidade relacionadas ao acesso à água.

The right to water: Impact on the quality of life of rural workers in a settlement of the Landless Workers Movement, Brazil.

Access to water for rural populations is vital not only for personal consumption and hygiene but also for food production, income generation and cultural practices. To deepening the understanding of this issue, this research addressed the access to water in a settlement of the Landless Workers Movement. The perspective of the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation was used as a theoretical framework, assessing how inadequate access to water impacts the quality of rural populations. A qualitative research was used, through participant observation and individual interviews with 12 rural workers, living at the Ulisses Oliveira settlement. The findings reflect that water is not sufficiently available to meet the community's social, economic and cultural needs and that such conditions can lead to a loss of identity. Therefore, access to water must be understood in the light of its political, social and cultural dimensions and the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation can be used as an instrument to public policies.

Human rights' interdependence and indivisibility: a glance over the human rights to water and sanitation.

BACKGROUND: In 1948 the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was drawn up. The content of this document was further reflected two treaties, the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. To try to maintain the interrelationship between the rights contained in each document, the idea that all rights are interdependent and indivisible was stressed. Based on this vision, this study aimed to explore the extent to which the violation of the human rights to water and sanitation interferes with the guarantee of other rights, addressing the principles of interdependence and indivisibility. METHODS: For that, 24 homeless, in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, were interviewed. Individual and group interviews were carried out in addition to participant observation. The content analysis was used in order to analyze the data collected. RESULTS: The research found that violation of the rights to water and sanitation promotes violation of other rights, such as health and education rights, strengthening the view of rights' interdependence and indivisibility. CONCLUSION: It is important to affirm that the protection of human rights must be consolidated at an operational and normative level, aligned to concepts of indivisibility and interdependence as it has been proposed for approximately seven decades.

Having a toilet is not enough: the limitations in fulfilling the human rights to water and sanitation in a municipal school in Bahia, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: This article addresses the enjoyment of the human rights to water and sanitation (HRTWS), in particular access to toilets, in a public school in Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: Participant observation of the school's routine, focus groups with students in grades 8 and 9 of primary school (13 to 17 years old) and individual, semi-structured, interviews with members of school staff were applied, exploring access to water and sanitation by adolescent girls and boys. RESULTS: Students and school staff reported that the amount of toilets was insufficient and that their conditions were often inadequate because they were plugged or dirty. The impact on girls is greater as toilets do not offer a clean and healthy environment for menstrual hygiene management. Several elements of the normative content of the HRTWS, especially accessibility, acceptability, quality, safety and dignity, were largely not fulfilled. The study identified that, to comply with the HRTWS, it is necessary to go beyond infrastructure, as the lack of maintenance; cultural elements and student participation hinder the usage of sanitary facilities. Since schools can be privileged spaces to train critical and reflective citizens and to foster autonomy and emancipation, education oriented by human rights and citizenship is an opportunity for a more equitable society. By increasing access to social, economic and cultural rights in all phases and aspects of life, including when children and adolescents are in a school environment, people are able to enjoy better living conditions and a higher standard of health. CONCLUSIONS: The study raised the importance of considering each community's sociocultural aspects in analyzing access to sanitary facilities in schools, which are spaces where citizens' rights should be exercised and fulfilled.

"We only have access as a favor, don't we?" The perception of homeless population on the human rights to water and sanitation. / "A gente tem acesso de favores, né?". A percepção de pessoas em situação de rua sobre os direitos humanos à água e ao esgotamento sanitário.

The human rights to water and sanitation (HRWS) state that all human beings have the right to safe access to water and sanitation in a non-discriminatory manner. However, vulnerable populations frequently have these rights violated, which impacts their health and quality of life, exacerbating social exclusion as in the case of homeless people. In Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, 1,827 people were living on the streets in 2013. This study presents the evaluation of the conditions and perceptions of this population on their rights to water and sanitation access. It has been observed that access to both water and sanitation is precarious and that the normative content, as well as the human rights principles, are highly violated. In conclusion, we observed that this group suffers violations of HRWS and that these are associated with the violation of other rights such as the right to the city, dwelling and health. Such violations have negative impacts on the economic and social life of this group, increasing discrimination and exclusion. This study draws attention to the importance of encouraging the social participation of this group in the decision-making processes of water and sanitation management within the framework of HRWS, in its capacity to be a tool for social transformation, generating empowerment, promoting health, dignity and citizenship.

Os direitos humanos à água e ao esgotamento sanitário (DHAES) afirmam que todos os seres humanos têm direito ao acesso seguro à água e ao esgotamento sanitário de forma não discriminatória. No entanto, populações vulneráveis têm esses direitos frequentemente violados, repercutindo em sua saúde e qualidade de vida, e agravando a exclusão social, como é o caso das pessoas em situação de rua. Em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, existiam 1.827 pessoas nessa condição em 2013. Este artigo apresenta a avaliação das condições e da percepção dessa população sobre o acesso à água e ao esgotamento sanitário e seus direitos nessa área. Observou-se que o acesso, tanto à água quanto ao esgotamento sanitário, é precário e que os conteúdos normativos e os princípios dos direitos humanos são potencialmente violados. Como conclusão, observa-se que esse grupo sofre violações dos DHAES e que estas estão associadas com a violação de outros direitos, como o direito à cidade, à moradia e à saúde. Essas violações têm repercussões negativas na vida econômica e social desse grupo populacional, aumentando a discriminação e a exclusão. O estudo chama a atenção para a importância de estimular a participação social desse grupo nos processos de tomada de decisão sobre a gestão da água e do esgotamento sanitário, no marco dos DHAES, em sua capacidade de ser instrumento de transformação social, gerando empoderamento, promovendo saúde, dignidade e cidadania.

Los derechos humanos al agua y al saneamiento público señalan que todos los seres humanos tienen derecho al acceso seguro al agua y saneamiento público de forma no discriminatoria. No obstante, a las poblaciones vulnerables se les violan frecuentemente estos derechos, repercutiendo en su salud y calidad de vida, y agravando su exclusión social, como es el caso de las personas en situación de marginación. En Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, existían 1.827 personas en estas condiciones en 2013. Este artículo presenta la evaluación de las condiciones y la percepción de esta población sobre su acceso al agua y al saneamiento público y sus derechos en este ámbito. Se observó que el acceso tanto al agua, como al saneamiento, es precario y que las regulaciones normativas y estos principios de los Derechos Humanos se violan reiteradamente. Como conclusión, se observa que ese grupo sufre violaciones de los derechos humanos al agua y al saneamiento público y que estas últimas están asociadas con la violación de otros derechos, como el derecho a la ciudad, a la vivienda y a la salud. Estas violaciones tienen repercusiones negativas en la vida económica y social de este grupo poblacional, aumentando su discriminación y exclusión. El estudio llama la atención sobre la importancia de estimular la participación social de este grupo en los procesos de toma de decisión sobre la gestión del agua y saneamiento sanitario, en el marco de los derechos humanos al agua y saneamiento, al tratarse de un instrumento de transformación social, generando empoderamiento, promoviendo salud, dignidad y ciudadanía.

"A gente tem acesso de favores, né?". A percepção de pessoas em situação de rua sobre os direitos humanos à água e ao esgotamento sanitário / "Nos pueden hacer favores, ¿no?". La percepción de personas en situación de marginación (sin techo) sobre los derechos humanos al agua y al saneamiento público / "We only have access as a favor, don't we?" The perception of homeless population on the human rights to water and sanitation

Resumo: Os direitos humanos à água e ao esgotamento sanitário (DHAES) afirmam que todos os seres humanos têm direito ao acesso seguro à água e ao esgotamento sanitário de forma não discriminatória. No entanto, populações vulneráveis têm esses direitos frequentemente violados, repercutindo em sua saúde e qualidade de vida, e agravando a exclusão social, como é o caso das pessoas em situação de rua. Em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, existiam 1.827 pessoas nessa condição em 2013. Este artigo apresenta a avaliação das condições e da percepção dessa população sobre o acesso à água e ao esgotamento sanitário e seus direitos nessa área. Observou-se que o acesso, tanto à água quanto ao esgotamento sanitário, é precário e que os conteúdos normativos e os princípios dos direitos humanos são potencialmente violados. Como conclusão, observa-se que esse grupo sofre violações dos DHAES e que estas estão associadas com a violação de outros direitos, como o direito à cidade, à moradia e à saúde. Essas violações têm repercussões negativas na vida econômica e social desse grupo populacional, aumentando a discriminação e a exclusão. O estudo chama a atenção para a importância de estimular a participação social desse grupo nos processos de tomada de decisão sobre a gestão da água e do esgotamento sanitário, no marco dos DHAES, em sua capacidade de ser instrumento de transformação social, gerando empoderamento, promovendo saúde, dignidade e cidadania.

Resumen: Los derechos humanos al agua y al saneamiento público señalan que todos los seres humanos tienen derecho al acceso seguro al agua y saneamiento público de forma no discriminatoria. No obstante, a las poblaciones vulnerables se les violan frecuentemente estos derechos, repercutiendo en su salud y calidad de vida, y agravando su exclusión social, como es el caso de las personas en situación de marginación. En Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, existían 1.827 personas en estas condiciones en 2013. Este artículo presenta la evaluación de las condiciones y la percepción de esta población sobre su acceso al agua y al saneamiento público y sus derechos en este ámbito. Se observó que el acceso tanto al agua, como al saneamiento, es precario y que las regulaciones normativas y estos principios de los Derechos Humanos se violan reiteradamente. Como conclusión, se observa que ese grupo sufre violaciones de los derechos humanos al agua y al saneamiento público y que estas últimas están asociadas con la violación de otros derechos, como el derecho a la ciudad, a la vivienda y a la salud. Estas violaciones tienen repercusiones negativas en la vida económica y social de este grupo poblacional, aumentando su discriminación y exclusión. El estudio llama la atención sobre la importancia de estimular la participación social de este grupo en los procesos de toma de decisión sobre la gestión del agua y saneamiento sanitario, en el marco de los derechos humanos al agua y saneamiento, al tratarse de un instrumento de transformación social, generando empoderamiento, promoviendo salud, dignidad y ciudadanía.

Abstract: The human rights to water and sanitation (HRWS) state that all human beings have the right to safe access to water and sanitation in a non-discriminatory manner. However, vulnerable populations frequently have these rights violated, which impacts their health and quality of life, exacerbating social exclusion as in the case of homeless people. In Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, 1,827 people were living on the streets in 2013. This study presents the evaluation of the conditions and perceptions of this population on their rights to water and sanitation access. It has been observed that access to both water and sanitation is precarious and that the normative content, as well as the human rights principles, are highly violated. In conclusion, we observed that this group suffers violations of HRWS and that these are associated with the violation of other rights such as the right to the city, dwelling and health. Such violations have negative impacts on the economic and social life of this group, increasing discrimination and exclusion. This study draws attention to the importance of encouraging the social participation of this group in the decision-making processes of water and sanitation management within the framework of HRWS, in its capacity to be a tool for social transformation, generating empowerment, promoting health, dignity and citizenship.

O direito humano à água e ao esgotamento sanitário como instrumento para promoção da saúde de populações vulneráveis / The right to water and sanitation as a tool for health promotion of vulnerable groups

Resumo O conceito de promoção da saúde, baseado nos determinantes sociais, alinha-se com princípios dos direitos humanos como: participação social, responsabilidade, transparência e não discriminação. O Direito humano à água e ao esgotamento sanitário (DHAES) foi aprovado em 2010 pela Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas e Conselho de Direitos Humanos, e visa garantir acesso à água e ao esgotamento sanitário sem discriminação para toda a população. Dito isso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar de que forma o referencial dos direitos humanos, em especial do DHAES, pode ser mobilizado para fortalecer a promoção da saúde de populações vulneráveis. Para isso, inicia apresentando a relação entre saúde e direitos humanos, em seguida demonstra como o conceito de vulnerabilidade social se baseia nestes, e finaliza mostrando a relação entre o DHAES e a promoção da saúde de grupos vulneráveis.

Abstract The concept of health promotion, which is based on social determinants, is aligned with principles of human rights such as social participation, accountability, transparency and non-discrimination. The Human Right to Water and Sanitation (HRWS) was approved in 2010 by the United Nations General Assembly and the Human Rights Council and it aims to ensure access to water and sanitation, without discrimination, for all. This article aims to analyze how the human rights framework, and more specifically the HRWS, can be used to strengthen the health promotion of vulnerable groups. The article begins by presenting the relationship between health and human rights. It then demonstrates how the concept of social vulnerability is based on human rights and, finally, it shows the relationship between the HRWS and the promotion of the health of vulnerable groups.

The human right to water and sanitation: a new perspective for public policies.

The recognition of the human right to water and sanitation (HRtWS) by the United Nations General Assembly and Human Rights Council in 2010 constituted a significant political measure whose direct consequences are still being assessed. Previous to this date, the HRtWS and its link to a healthy life and adequate standard of living had been recognised in diverse legal and judicial spheres worldwide, in some cases under the pressure of the initiatives of strong social movements. However, while the HRtWS is recognised by the UN State Members, it constitutes a concept in construction that has not been approached and interpreted in consensual ways by all concerned stakeholders. The present article presents a formal definition of this right with a base in human rights regulation. It attempts to dialogue with the different existing perspectives regarding the impact of its international recognition as a human right. It then elucidates the progressive development of the HRtWS in law and jurisprudence. Finally, it considers the urgency and challenge of monitoring the HRtWS and discusses important implications for public policies.

The human right to water and sanitation: a new perspective for public policies / Direito Humano à agua e ao esgotamento sanitário: uma nova perspectiva para as políticas públicas

Abstract The recognition of the human right to water and sanitation (HRtWS) by the United Nations General Assembly and Human Rights Council in 2010 constituted a significant political measure whose direct consequences are still being assessed. Previous to this date, the HRtWS and its link to a healthy life and adequate standard of living had been recognised in diverse legal and judicial spheres worldwide, in some cases under the pressure of the initiatives of strong social movements. However, while the HRtWS is recognised by the UN State Members, it constitutes a concept in construction that has not been approached and interpreted in consensual ways by all concerned stakeholders. The present article presents a formal definition of this right with a base in human rights regulation. It attempts to dialogue with the different existing perspectives regarding the impact of its international recognition as a human right. It then elucidates the progressive development of the HRtWS in law and jurisprudence. Finally, it considers the urgency and challenge of monitoring the HRtWS and discusses important implications for public policies.

Resumo O reconhecimento do direito humano à água e ao saneamento (HRtWS) pela Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas e pelo Conselho de Direitos Humanos, em 2010, constitui uma medida política significativa cujas consequências diretas ainda estão sendo avaliadas. Anterior a esta data, a relação entre HRtWS com uma vida saudável e um padrão de vida adequado já havia sido reconhecida em diversas esferas legais e jurídicas em todo o mundo, em alguns casos devido à pressão das iniciativas de movimentos sociais fortes. No entanto, mesmo que o HRtWS tenha sido reconhecido pelos Estados Membros das Nações Unidas, ele constitui um conceito em construção que não tem sido abordado e interpretado de maneira consensual por todos os atores interessados. O presente artigo apresenta uma definição formal desse direito com base no regulamento de direitos humanos. Tenta dialogar com as diferentes perspectivas existentes sobre o impacto do seu reconhecimento internacional como um direito humano. Em seguida, esclarece o desenvolvimento progressivo dos HRtWS na lei e na jurisprudência. Por último, considera a urgência e o desafio de monitorar os HRtWS e discute implicações importantes para políticas públicas.

Política nacional de atenção integral à saúde do homem: percepções de gestores de unidades básicas de saúde de Belo Horizonte-MG / Brazilian national men’s health policy: perceptions from managers of primary health care units

Estudos recentes têm, cada vez mais, se debruçado sobre políticas e os processos de gestão que se orientam a partir de perspectivas de gênero, como a Saúde do Homem. Com o objetivo de compreender como os gestores de Unidades Básica de Saúde de Belo Horizonte - MG se colocam frente à Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem (PNAISH), foram entrevistados nove gestores distribuídos por cada distrito sanitário da cidade. Os discursos foram analisados na perspectiva da Análise de Conteúdo. Percebeu-se que a implantação da PNAISH se constitui como um desafio. Os gestores reconhecem que devem participar da construção da Política, mas apontam para a necessidade de que sejam oferecidos suportes para sua implementação. Atividades pontuais como os mutirões em Saúde do Homem estão sendo desenvolvidas para facilitar a adesão desse público à Atenção Básica. É de vital importância a mudança de postura da gestão no sentido de utilizar a PNAISH como recurso estratégico para alcance da integralidade, equidade e universalidade no acesso aos serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde...

Researches have recently looked into policies and management processes that are oriented basedon gender perspectives, such as Men’s Health. In order to understand what the managers of Basic Health Units in the city of Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, think about the Brazilian National Men’s Health Policy, nine managers distributed in each health district of the city were interviewed. The speeches were analyzed using ontent Analysis. It was observed that the implementation of this policy is a challenge. Managers recognize that they should participate in the policy construction, but they highlight the necessity of some support to its implementation. Specific activities, such as joint efforts aimed at Men’s Health are being developed in order to facilitate the adhesion of this public to Primary Health Care. It is really important that managers change their attitude in order to use the men´s health policy as a strategic resource to reach integrality, equity and universal access to the National HealthSystem services...

Inclusão da pessoa com deficiência no mercado de trabalho em Belo Horizonte, Brasil: cenário e perspectiva / The inclusion of disabled persons in the labor market in Belo horizonte, Brazil: scenario and perspective

Resumo Mesmo após a publicação da Lei 8213, em 1991, que institui cotas para contratação de pessoas com deficiência, a inclusão delas no trabalho ainda é um desafio para a sociedade brasileira. Para tentar entender as principais barreiras que impedem este processo foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa no município de Belo Horizonte. Este estudo contou com entrevistas com atores importantes no processo de inclusão; e grupos focais com pessoas com deficiência e seus familiares. As principais barreiras encontradas foram: preconceito e discriminação; a relação familiar; o Benefício da Prestação Continuada; a baixa qualificação das pessoas com deficiência; a falta de acessibilidade; e o despreparo das empresas. Conclui-se que a elaboração de leis não é suficiente para a inclusão no mercado de trabalho e que os governos devem implementar políticas públicas que auxiliem este processo.

Abstract Even after the publication of Law 8213 in 1991, which established quotas for employing disabled persons, their inclusion in the workplace still presents a challenge for Brazilian society. In order to understand the main barriers that hamper this process a qualitative research study was conducted in the municipality of Belo Horizon-te. This study included interviews with important actors involved in the process of inclusion; and focus groups including disabled persons and members of their families. The main barriers encountered were: preconceived ideas and discrimination; family relationships; the Continuous Cash Benefit (BPC) program; the low level of qualifi-cation among disabled person; lack of access; and the unpreparedness of companies. It was concluded that drafting laws is not sufficient to guarantee inclusion in the labor market and that governments should implement public policies to assist in this process.

The inclusion of disabled persons in the labor market in Belo horizonte, Brazil: scenario and perspective.

Even after the publication of Law 8213 in 1991, which established quotas for employing disabled persons, their inclusion in the workplace still presents a challenge for Brazilian society. In order to understand the main barriers that hamper this process a qualitative research study was conducted in the municipality of Belo Horizon-te. This study included interviews with important actors involved in the process of inclusion; and focus groups including disabled persons and members of their families. The main barriers encountered were: preconceived ideas and discrimination; family relationships; the Continuous Cash Benefit (BPC) program; the low level of qualifi-cation among disabled person; lack of access; and the unpreparedness of companies. It was concluded that drafting laws is not sufficient to guarantee inclusion in the labor market and that governments should implement public policies to assist in this process.

Estudio descriptivo de las características sociodemográficas de la discapacidad en América Latina / Descriptive study about social and demographical characteristic of the disability in Latin America

El objetivo de ese estudio es conocer las características socio demográficas de la discapacidad en América Latina y evaluar la metodología utilizada en las encuestas poblacionales para el análisis de la discapacidad. Es un estudio descriptivo que analiza los datos y la metodología de las encuestas de discapacidad de los países de América Latina realizadas después del 2001. Ha sido observado una grande diferencia en la prevalencia de la discapacidad encontrada en las encuestas que utilizaron la CIF para el análisis estadístico de las personas con discapacidad. Además ha sido verificado que en América Latina la discapacidad motora es la más prevalente y acomete mas los hombres con más de 65 años y con bajo nivel educacional. La principal causa es la enfermedad crónica. Concluyese que la CIF es una buena herramienta metodológica para la elaboración de encuestas de discapacidad.

The objective of this study was to ascertain the social and demographical characteristics of disability in Latin America and verify the methodology used in the survey by questionnaires for the analysis of disabilities. It is a descriptive study that analyzed the data and methodology of disability surveys conducted in Latin America after 2001. It was noted that there is a big difference in the prevalence of disability found in the surveys that used the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for statistical analysis of people with disabilities. It was also shown that in Latin America motor disabilities are more prevalent in men over 65 years old and with a low educational level. The main cause is chronic disease. The conclusion is that ICF is a good methodological tool to use in disability survey questionnaires.

[Descriptive study about social and demographical characteristic of the disability in Latin America]. / Estudio descriptivo de las características sociodemográficas de la discapacidad en América Latina.

The objective of this study was to ascertain the social and demographical characteristics of disability in Latin America and verify the methodology used in the survey by questionnaires for the analysis of disabilities. It is a descriptive study that analyzed the data and methodology of disability surveys conducted in Latin America after 2001. It was noted that there is a big difference in the prevalence of disability found in the surveys that used the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for statistical analysis of people with disabilities. It was also shown that in Latin America motor disabilities are more prevalent in men over 65 years old and with a low educational level. The main cause is chronic disease. The conclusion is that ICF is a good methodological tool to use in disability survey questionnaires.