ABSTRACT
Congenital decubital ulcers were found in 94% of newborn infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate in the course of a systematic study of a large cohort study (N = 52). The procedures for diagnosis, documentation, and follow-up are described. The ulceration area at birth varied over a wide range. The ulcerations were usually located in the posterior part of the vomer. Sonographic evidence supports the hypothesis that the ulcerations are caused mechanically by the motor activity of the tongue during the fetal and newborn period. The decubital ulcer disappeared in each case within 5 days following the implementation of a palatal plate.
Subject(s)
Cleft Lip/pathology , Cleft Palate/pathology , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , Nasal Mucosa/pathology , Palate/pathology , Cleft Lip/complications , Cleft Palate/complications , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Mouth Diseases/congenital , Mouth Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth Diseases/pathology , Mouth Diseases/physiopathology , Nasal Septum/pathology , Nose Diseases/congenital , Nose Diseases/diagnosis , Nose Diseases/pathology , Nose Diseases/physiopathology , Palatal Obturators , Ulcer/congenital , Ulcer/diagnosis , Ulcer/pathology , Ulcer/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The therapeutical repertoire for treating patients with missing teeth was significantly expanded by the development of modern implant methods. We have performed a retrospective analysis covering all children who between 1977 and 1993 had been considered for implants as a method for gap management. All patients were pretreated up to early adolescence using standard orthodontic procedures. Unfortunately, it turned out that an originally planned implant was not suitable in approximately 2/3 of the patients because of inadequate alveolar conditions. These patients were subsequently treated by conventional orthodontic gap closure or adhesive prosthetics.
Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Orthodontics, Corrective , Patient Care Planning , Adolescent , Child , Denture, Partial, Fixed, Resin-Bonded , Female , Humans , Jaw, Edentulous, Partially/therapy , Male , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy , Maxilla , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Forces and moments, which the tongue transmits during swallowing to transpalatinally combined first upper molars, were measured in vivo. Three basic forms of the transpalatal arch were studied: one without an additional bend, one with a horse shoe bend facing the mesial, and one with a bend towards the distal. Regardless of which kind of palatal arch was used, tongue function caused intrusive, expansive and mesial directed forces. Using the arch form without an additional bend evoked both a mesial and a distal tipping moment. The arch form with the bend facing the mesial caused a mesial tipping moment during swallowing. When the horse shoe bend faced the distal, a distal directed moment predominated. For this reason in cases involving a problematical anchorage situation, a transpalatal arch with a horse shoe bend facing the distal should be employed.
Subject(s)
Dental Stress Analysis , Palatal Expansion Technique , Tongue/physiology , Biomechanical Phenomena , Deglutition/physiology , Humans , Maxilla , Molar , Orthodontic Appliance DesignABSTRACT
This study was undertaken to investigate if transversal expansion with removable plates is a predisposing factor in the occurrence for buccal recessions in the molar region. In order to clarify a possible causal relationship, it is important to know to what extent the therapeutic expansion remains stable, 58 former patients, ages ten to 15, were studied following transversal expansion and non-extraction therapy with removable appliances. Intermolar expansion and stability, clinical crown length, and the incidence of buccal recessions on the incisors and six-year molars were evaluated. The study revealed that with relatively good intermolar stability (relapse between 13% and 14%), when compared with an untreated control group and with the data contained in the literature, recessions do not increasingly occur.
Subject(s)
Gingival Recession/etiology , Palatal Expansion Technique/instrumentation , Follow-Up Studies , Gingival Recession/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Mandible , Maxilla , Molar , Palatal Expansion Technique/adverse effects , Palatal Expansion Technique/statistics & numerical data , Recurrence , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Studies on the effects of smoking and performance in learning and memory tasks have followed one of two strategies: (a) either subjects are required to smoke at fixed intervals and/or rates, or (b) subjects are permitted to smoke freely in the absence of any monitoring or observation of smoking acts. The present studies allowed free smoking within a structured context, while exposed to intelligence test items for 30 seconds. Subjects were observed to vary their smoking acts (puffing, tapping) as a function of the temporal characteristics of the task. Subjects followed the same pattern across two independent studies. Such findings have clear implications for smoking studies since they indicate that how and why subjects smoke may (a) vary with context, and (b) affect different task inputs.
Subject(s)
Attention , Cognition , Smoking/psychology , Adult , Arousal , Female , Humans , Male , Problem Solving , Stereotyped BehaviorABSTRACT
The objective of this investigation is to study the behavior of enosseous implants, made of aluminium oxide ceramics (Tübingen-Type), under axial forces. Force and movement were measured simultaneously. The steady increasing forces were applicated with a miniature force transducer to the surface of the implant and the adjacent tooth, respectively. The resulting intrusions were recorded with noncontact inductive displacement transducers.
