ABSTRACT
Dietary counselling has been identified as one of the nutritional strategies to alleviate cardiometabolic health conditions. Its effectiveness however may vary due to factors such as intensity level and provider while this has not been comprehensively studied. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of dietary counselling on the cardiometabolic health in middle-aged and older adults and the sub-group analyses with dietary counselling intensity and the provider were also assessed. Four databases including PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Cochrane Library and EMBASE were systematically searched. Data from 22 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were compiled and those from 9 RCTs were utilised for meta-analysis. Dietary counselling lowered total cholesterol (TC) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) but had no impact on triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Sub-group analysis revealed significant lowering effect of high intensity dietary counselling for TG (weighted mean difference (WMD): -0.24 mmol/L, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): -0.40 to -0.09), TC (WMD: -0.31 mmol/L, 95% CIs: -0.49 to -0.13), LDL (WMD: -0.39 mmol/L, 95% CIs: -0.61 to -0.16) and FBS (WMD: -0.69 mmol/L, 95% CIs: -0.99 to -0.40) while medium or low intensity dietary counselling did not show favouring effects. Counselling provider showed differential responses on cardiometabolic health between dietitian and all other groups. The findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that dietary counselling is a beneficial dietary strategy to improve cardiometabolic health in middle-aged and older adults with the emphasis on the counselling intensity.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Counseling/methods , Diet, Healthy/methods , Health Promotion/methods , Metabolic Diseases/prevention & control , Aged , Counseling/statistics & numerical data , Female , Health Promotion/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
It was demonstrated in our studies that norfloxacin, a representative member of quinolone antibiotics, can indeed stabilize the gyrase-DNA complex formed during enzymatic cycle. In addition, the formation of the drug-induced complex has been firstly visualized through our atomic force microscopic examination.
Subject(s)
DNA Gyrase/metabolism , Microscopy, Atomic Force , Quinolines/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Enzyme Stability/drug effects , Molecular Structure , Norfloxacin/pharmacologyABSTRACT
It has been demonstrated in our studies that the intrinsic curvature of DNA can be easily interrupted by low concentrations of chloroquine and ethidium bromide. In addition, the changes of DNA curvature caused by varying the concentration of these two DNA intercalators can be readily verified through using an atomic force microscope.
Subject(s)
DNA/ultrastructure , Plasmids/ultrastructure , DNA/chemistry , Ethidium/chemistry , Microscopy, Atomic Force , Plasmids/chemistryABSTRACT
It is demonstrated that the right and left handedness of DNA supercoils can be engineered precisely and readily at the molecular level in vitro through utilization of the invading property of peptide nucleic acid.
Subject(s)
DNA, Circular/metabolism , Peptide Nucleic Acids/metabolism , DNA, Circular/chemistry , Genetic Engineering , Microscopy, Atomic Force , Peptide Nucleic Acids/chemistry , Plasmids/chemistry , Plasmids/metabolismABSTRACT
It is demonstrated that the shapes and magnitudes of DNA writhe can be precisely manipulated solely through maneuvering the nucleotide sequence of DNA and without the assistance of topoisomerases.
Subject(s)
DNA/chemistry , DNA/genetics , Nucleic Acid Conformation , Bacteriophage T4 , Base Sequence , DNA/chemical synthesis , Feasibility StudiesABSTRACT
Synthesis of a fluorescein-tagged circular structure of i-motif was accomplished during our investigations. The backbone circularity of this molecular probe and the presence of the fluorescent moiety within its structure were also confirmed through exonuclease hydrolysis and fluorescence spectroscopy.
Subject(s)
Fluorescein/chemistry , Molecular Probes/chemistry , Molecular Probes/chemical synthesis , Oligonucleotides/chemical synthesis , Base Pairing , Base Sequence , Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hydrolysis , Microinjections , Molecular Probes/genetics , Neoplasms/metabolism , Neoplasms/pathology , Oligonucleotides/chemistry , Oligonucleotides/genetics , Oligonucleotides/metabolism , Proteins/metabolism , Spectrometry, FluorescenceABSTRACT
A series of oligonucleotides with various lengths that contain nick and topoisomerase I-binding sites were designed. The interactions between these oligonucleotides and human topoisomerase I were investigated and the most efficient one among them has displayed IC(50) value of 6.3 nM. Our studies have also demonstrated that the position of the nick as well as the length of the oligonucleotides were crucial factors for the inhibition of this nuclear enzyme.
Subject(s)
Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Oligonucleotides/chemistry , Topoisomerase I Inhibitors , Base Sequence , Binding Sites , Catalysis , Cell Nucleus/enzymology , DNA/chemistry , Drug Design , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Humans , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Models, Genetic , Molecular Sequence Data , Nucleic Acid Conformation , Substrate SpecificityABSTRACT
It is demonstrated in our investigations that certain G-quadruplex structures formed by human telomeric repeats could perform self-cleaving actions. Our further studies verify that these reactions are site-specific and undergo hydrolytic pathways.
Subject(s)
G-Quadruplexes , Telomere/ultrastructure , Base Pair Mismatch , Base Sequence , DNA/chemistry , Humans , Hydrolysis , Models, Molecular , Molecular Sequence Data , Nucleic Acid Conformation , Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes/chemistry , Oligonucleotides/chemistry , Phosphates/chemistry , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Some dumbbell-shaped circular oligonucleotides containing internal C3-spacers and Topo I-binding sites were designed and synthesized which displayed high inhibitory efficiency on the activity of human Topo I as well as resisted the degradation by some DNA repair enzymes.
Subject(s)
Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Oligonucleotides/pharmacology , Topoisomerase I Inhibitors , Base Sequence , Binding Sites , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Design , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Humans , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Molecular Sequence Data , Nucleic Acid Conformation , Oligonucleotides/chemical synthesis , Oligonucleotides/chemistry , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
It is demonstrated that certain structural assemblies of G-quadruplex are capable of performing selfcleaving actions in a site specific fashion.
