ABSTRACT
Stains produced by bacteria or those found in blood and food byproducts accumulate in highly porous caries lesions. They can interfere with accurate diagnosis and the selective removal of carious tissue during cavity preparations. Short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) imaging studies have shown that stain molecules do not absorb light beyond 1200 nm. The objective of this study was to image affected and infected dentin atSWIR wavelengths. Sections of 3 mm thickness were cut from the extracted teeth with deep dentinal lesions. The sound (normal), affected (stained), and infected (demineralized) dentin on each section were examined with reflected light at wavelengths from 400 to 1700 nm, red and green fluorescence, and with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Microcomputed tomography (microCT) was used to measure the mineral density at each location investigated. Significant (p < 0.05) differences were observed in the reflected light intensity at 400-850 nm and for fluorescence between the sound, affected, and infected dentin. SWIR imaging did not show significant reductions in reflectivity for the affected and infected dentin. SWIR images may be valuable for monitoring the lateral spread of dentinal lesions on the occlusal surfaces of teeth.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to develop a clinical SWIR reflectance handpiece to assess the activity of lesions on the occlusal surfaces. The time-resolved reflectivity of 10 active and 10 arrested occlusal caries lesions on extracted teeth was monitored at 1470 nm using a benchtop system and a modified clinical prototype during forced air drying. The presence of a highly mineralized surface layer measured with microcomputed tomography (microCT) was used to indicate lesion activity. Multiple kinetic parameters were extracted from the acquired SWIR time versus intensity dehydration curves and used to assess lesion activity. Three parameters: delay, %Ifin , and rate calculated from the SWIR dehydration curves were significantly different (p < 0.05) between active and arrested lesions. The modified clinical probe was able to completely dehydrate all the active lesion areas in the occlusal pits and fissures in less than 30 s.
Subject(s)
Dehydration , Dental Caries , Humans , Dental Caries Susceptibility , X-Ray Microtomography , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Kinetics , Dental Caries/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Functional impairment affecting the quality of life results when a wide range of both muscular and joint pathologies affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). There are several total temporomandibular joint prosthesis systems available for total joint replacement (TJR). This systematic review provides an overview of the different TJR systems available and discusses their outcomes and efficiency. A systematic review on the outcomes of TJR was performed in October 2020. The five databases searched are PubMed, Europe PMC, Elsevier, SpringerLink, and British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Outcome measurements were changes in maximal mouth opening (MMO), pain, diet, and functional limitation preoperatively and postoperatively. Seventeen follow-up studies were included in this systematic review, with 1,343 patients. All TMJ implant devices showed significant improvement after placement in all outcomes (pain, diet, MMO). All TJR prostheses showed great improvement comparing preoperative and postoperative outcomes. There was no significant difference between devices when comparing their outcomes.
