Orthodontic Localization of Impacted Canines: Review of the Cutting-edge Evidence in Diagnosis and Treatment Planning Based on 3D CBCT Images.

A thorough clinical and radiographical assessment of an impacted maxillary canine's location forms the basis for proper diagnosis and successful treatment outcomes. Implementing a correct biomechanical approach for directing force application primarily relies on its precise localization. Poor biomechanical planning can resorb the roots of adjacent teeth and result in poor periodontal outcomes of the canine that has been disimpacted. Furthermore, treatment success and time strongly rely on an accurate assessment of the severity of impaction, which depends on its 3D spatial location. The evolution of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographs provides more detailed information regarding the location of the impacted canines. In addition, the literature has shown that CBCT imaging has enhanced the quality of diagnosis and treatment planning by obtaining a more precise localization of impacted canines. This review article highlights current evidence regarding comprehensive evaluation of three-dimensional orientations of impacted canines on CBCT images for precise diagnosis and treatment planning.

PretermConnect: Leveraging mobile technology to mitigate social disadvantage in the NICU and beyond.

Preterm birth (PTB) - delivery prior to 37-weeks gestation - disproportionately affects low-income and minority populations and leads to substantial infant morbidity and mortality. The time following a PTB represents an optimal window for targeted interventions that encourage mothers to prioritize their own health and that of their babies. Healthcare teams can leverage digital strategies to address maternal and infant needs in this postpartum period, both in the neonatal intensive care unit and beyond. We therefore developed PretermConnect, a mobile app designed to educate, engage, and empower women at risk for PTB. This article describes the participant-centered design approach of PretermConnect, with preliminary findings from focus groups and co-design sessions in different community settings and suggested future directions for mobile technologies in population health. Apps such as PretermConnect can mitigate social disadvantage by serving as remote monitoring tools, providing social support, preventing recurrent PTB and lowering infant mortality rates.

Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Triazine-Phosphonate Derivatives as Flame Retardants for Cotton Fabric.

Countless hours of research and studies on triazine, phosphonate, and their combination have provided insightful information into their flame retardant properties on polymeric systems. However, a limited number of studies shed light on the mechanism of flame retardancy of their combination on cotton fabrics. The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of the thermal degradation process of two triazine-phosphonate derivatives on cotton fabric. The investigation included the preparation of diethyl 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylphosphonate (TPN1) and dimethyl (4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yloxy) methyl phosphonate (TPN3), their application on fabric materials, and the studies of their thermal degradation mechanism. The studies examined chemical components in both solid and gas phases by using attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared (TGA-FTIR) spectroscopy, and 31P solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (31P solid state NMR), in addition to the computational studies of bond dissociation energy (BDE). Despite a few differences in their decomposition, TPN1 and TPN3 produce one common major product that is believed to help reduce the flammability of the fabric.

Overexpression of miR­145 in U87 cells reduces glioma cell malignant phenotype and promotes survival after in vivo implantation.

In the present study, we sought to elucidate the effect of miR­145 on glioma cell progression and its mechanisms of action. We examined the effects of miR­145 on proliferation and invasion of U87 glioma cells and on capillary tube formation. Our data show that restoration of miR­145 in U87 glioma cells significantly reduced their in vitro proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis. However, decreased miR­145 expression promoted U87 glioma cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis, and reduced-expression of miR­145 increased ADAM17 and EGFR expression in U87 cells. Overexpression of miR­145 reduced ADAM17 and EGFR expression. VEGF secretion and VEGF expression were decreased by increased miR­145 expression in U87 cells and were reversed by miR­145 downregulation in vitro. Nude mice with intracerebral implantation of U87 overexpressing miR­145 cells exhibited significantly reduced tumor growth and promoted survival compared with control groups. Taken together, these results suggest a role for miR­145 as a tumor suppressor which inhibits glioma cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis in vitro and reduces glioma growth in vivo.