ABSTRACT
Digital transformation incorporates new technology into all elements of business and will require the modification of old business models. Similarly, artificial intelligence (AI) is a relatively new disruptive technology with the potential to impact industry and society substantially. Cognitive techniques imitating human behaviour and thought have resulted in advanced analytical models that assist businesses in increasing sales and improving customer engagement, operational efficiency, and service quality by producing new relevant from existing data. These decision-making models are based on descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analytics. A legislative framework that oversees all digital development uniformly across countries and facilitates a fully regulated digital transformation process is required. However, this regulatory system must not hinder the digital revolution. This study shows that AI and digital transformation will be integrated into various applications and thus used extensively. Nonetheless, the implementation must be carried out in conformity with both standard regulations and the new realities.
ABSTRACT
Many mangrove forests have suffered from the contaminated environments near industrial areas. This study addresses the question how these environments influence the renewal of mangrove forests. To this end ecophysiological responses of the young mangrove species Rhizophora apiculata (Blume) grown under combinations of the factors heavy metals (here chromium), nutrition and soil/water environment were analyzed. We tested the hypothesis that soil/water conditions and nutrient status of the soil strongly influence the toxic effect of chromium. Seedlings of R. apiculata were grown in three different soil/water environments (natural saline soil with brackish water, salt-leached soil with fresh water and salt-leached-sterilized soil with fresh water) treated with different levels of chromium and NPK fertilizer. The system was inundated twice a day as similar to natural tidal condition in the mangrove wetland in the south of Vietnam. The experiments were carried out for 6months. Growth data of root, leaf and stem, root cell number and stomata number were recorded and analyzed. Results showed that growth of R. apiculata is slower in natural saline soil/water condition. The effect of chromium and of nutrients respectively depends on the soil/water condition. Under high concentrations of chromium, NPK fertilizer amplifies the toxic effect of chromium. Stomata density increases under chromium stress and is largest under the combination of chromium and salty soil/water condition. From the data a nonlinear multivariate regression model was derived capturing the toxicity threshold of R. apiculata under different treatment combinations.
