Anti-icing performance on aluminum surfaces and proposed model for freezing time calculation.

In this work, we proposed a facile approach to fabricate a superhydrophobic surface for anti-icing performance in terms of adhesive strength and freezing time. A hierarchical structure was generated on as-received Al plates using a wet etching method and followed with a low energy chemical compound coating. Surfaces after treatment exhibited the great water repellent properties with a high contact angle and extremely low sliding angle. An anti-icing investigation was carried out by using a custom-built apparatus and demonstrated the expected low adhesion and freezing time for icephobic applications. In addition, we proposed a model for calculating the freezing time. The experimented results were compared with theoretical calculation and demonstrated the good agreement, illustrating the importance of theoretical contribution in design icephobic surfaces. Therefore, this study provides a guideline for the understanding of icing phenomena and designing of icephobic surfaces.

Breast Cancer Survival Defined by Biological Receptor and Menopausal Status in Vietnamese Women.

Little is known about breast cancer in Vietnamese women. Previous studies have reported the frequencies of prognostic factors of breast cancer in this population. The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic factors associated with the survival rates of patients with breast cancer treated at the National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. We recruited 248 women with operable breast cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant therapy. Tumor tissue samples were stained by many immunohistochemical approaches and analyzed for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 gene amplification status. A Cox model was used to determine the relationship between survival and the prognostic factors. The disease-free survival rate, overall survival rate, and cancer-specific survival rate were 75.8%, 80.6%, and 86.4%, respectively, at 5 years and 62.3%, 68.1%, and 78.9%, respectively, at 10 years. The lung was the most common metastatic site. Women with factors associated with a poor prognosis (eg, advanced clinical stage, high tumor grade, progesterone receptor [PR] negativity, HER2 amplification) had significantly lower survival rates. Patients with PR-negative breast cancer had significantly worse survival rates compared to those who were PR positive, according to multivariate analysis (hazard ratio = 1.77, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-3.11, P = .045); however, there was only a statistically significant difference in postmenopausal patients. The PR was a prognostic factor in postmenopausal women with breast cancer, but not in premenopausal women.

Docetaxel-based adjuvant therapy for breast cancer patients in Asia-Pacific region: Results from 5 years follow-up on Asia-Pacific Breast Initiative-I.

AIM: To acquire patient characteristics, safety, relapse and survival outcomes of early-stage breast cancer patients receiving docetaxel (Taxotere(R))-based regimen in adjuvant setting from the Asia-Pacific region. METHODS: This was an open-label, international, longitudinal, multicenter, observational, prospective cohort of consecutive early breast cancer (EBC) patients with a high risk of recurrence being treated with various docetaxel-containing anthracycline and non-anthracycline adjuvant regimens during 2006-2013. RESULTS: In this study, 1542 patients were enrolled. Anthracycline-containing regimens were administered in 92% of patients, while 8% of patients received non-anthracycline-containing docetaxel-based regimens. The mean dose intensity of docetaxel was 25.8, 22.4 and 25.4 mg/m(2) /week among patients receiving docetaxel-based monotherapy, combination and sequential therapy, respectively. Adverse events were reported in 94.9% of patients (anthracycline vs non-anthracycline regimen; 95.1% vs 93.5%). Serious adverse events were reported in 12.6% of patients (12.4% vs 14.6%). Grade 4 neutropenia was reported in 25.2% of patients (24.7% vs 30.9%) and febrile neutropenia in 1.9% of patients (2% vs 0.8%). Only 7% of patients had a relapse or a second primary malignancy. At 5-year follow-up, there were 127 (8.3%) deaths (8.4% vs 6.5%). CONCLUSION: The Asia-Pacific Breast Initiative-I registry highlights the important patient and treatment characteristics of EBC patients treated with adjuvant docetaxel chemotherapy from the Asia-Pacific region that will help physicians to understand the impact of different docetaxel treatments on the clinical outcomes in this population.

Activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes and plasma total antioxidant status of the patients with the Ib and IIa stage cervical cancer post radiotherapy treated with Belaf

Evaluating activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes and plasma total antioxidant status of 60 patients with the Ib and IIa stage cervical cancer post radiotherapy treated with Belaf and those of 35 healthy controls. The results: Activities of erythrocyte SOD, GPx and GR of the patients significantly decreased compared to those in patients pre radiotherapy. The decrease was likely to recover at the 21st day after radiotherapy. TAS levels of the patients post radiotherapy decreased compared to pre radiotherapy and recovered in 21st day post radiotherapy treated with Belaf

Human papillomavirus infection among women in South and North Vietnam.

The incidence rate of invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC) is 4-fold higher in Ho Chi Minh City, in the South of Vietnam, than in Hanoi, in the North. Thus, we explored the prevalence of and the risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in these 2 areas. A population-based random sample of married women aged 15-69 years were interviewed and had a gynaecological examination in the urban district of Ho Chi Minh City and in a peri-urban district in Hanoi. HPV DNA detection was performed using a GP5+/6+ primer-mediated PCR enzyme immunoassay. A total of 922 women from Ho Chi Minh and 994 from Hanoi, for whom a Pap smear and HPV-status were available, were evaluated. HPV DNA was detected among 10.9% of women in Ho Chi Minh City and 2.0% in Hanoi (age standardized prevalence, world standard population: 10.6% and 2.3%, respectively). In the 2 areas combined, 30 different HPV types were found, the most common being HPV 16 (in 14 single and 18 multiple infections), followed by HPV 58, 18 and 56. A peak of HPV DNA detection in women younger than age 25 was found in Ho Chi Minh City (22.3%) but not in Hanoi. Major risk factors for HPV DNA detection were indicators of sexual habits, most notably the presence of HSV-2 antibodies, nulliparity and the current use of oral contraceptives. Women in Hanoi showed the lowest HPV prevalence ever reported so far, suggesting that HPV has not spread widely in this population. As expected, HPV prevalence in a population seemed to be closely correlated with ICC incidence rates.

The changes of serum SCC concentrations of the patients with cervical cancer in pre - and post radiation therapy

MEIA method was applied to determine the change of serum cancer antigene level of scale cell cancer (SCC) in 32 healthy control subjects, 32 patients with cervical fibrous tumor, 78 patients of cervical cancer prior and post-radiation in Ha Noi K Hospital. Results: resum level of SCC enhanced by > 2-10 mcg/L in 63.8% cervical cancer patients, > 10 mcg/L did not determined in patient of cervical fibrous tumor; in cervical cancer, SCC serum level higher obviously than cervical fibrous tumor patients (10.6523.31 mcg/L versus 0.710.64 mcg/L with p<0.001). After irradiation, serum SCC level decreased obviously (10.6523.31 mcg/L versus 1.742.35 mcg/L with p<0.001). Serum SCC can be used for differenciating cervical cancer and cervical fibrous tumor and monitoring the response to the irradiation on patients with cervix scale cell cancer