ABSTRACT
The principle of prefabricated flaps is based on the transformation of a formerly random-pattern vascularized flap, through implantation of a vascular pedicle, into a newly neovascularized axial flap, which can be transferred after a period of neovascularisation from the prepared donor site to the recipient site by using microvascular techniques. In 30 Chinchilla Bastard rabbits weighing from 3700 to 4200 g, a skeletonized arteriovenous pedicle with distal ligation harvested from the femoral and saphena magna artery and vein was implanted beneath an 8 x 15 cm abdominal skin flap to investigate the neovascularisation process in the flap over the course of time. In order to prevent neovascularisation occurring from the underlying vascular bed into the flap, a silicon sheet measuring 8 x 15 cm x 0.25 mm was placed and fixed on the abdominal wall. Flap vitality and neovascularisation process in prefabricated flaps were evaluated by macroscopic observation, blood analysis, selective microangiography, histology and scintigraphy at the various time intervals of 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 days. The study results showed that newly formed vessels sprouting from the implanted pedicle were seen four days after pedicle implantation. With the retention time of pedicle in the flaps, they continued to grow, became meander and more dense. Respective connections between newly formed vessels and the originally available vasculature of the abdominal flap were markedly observed in the 12- and 16-day groups. Twenty days after prefabrication, the abdominal flap was completely perfused by the blood flow supplied from the newly implanted arteriovenous pedicle through newly formed vessels arising from the implanted pedicle and their rich vascular communications. The neovascularisation in the prefabricated flap consisted of the implanted pedicle, newly formed vessels, the originally available vasculature and their vascular connections. In comparison to the control group (the quantification was determined of 100 %), the vessel quantity in the prefabricated flap of the 20-day group had increased to 98.7 %. As a pre-clinical test, prefabricated flaps through arteriovenous pedicle implantation with special advantages can be a new useful method in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
Subject(s)
Microsurgery/methods , Neovascularization, Physiologic , Surgical Flaps/blood supply , Angiography , Animals , Follow-Up Studies , Microcirculation/physiology , Microradiography , Rabbits , Radionuclide Imaging , Surgical Flaps/pathology , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis , Prenatal Diagnosis/methods , Amniotic Fluid/chemistry , Chorionic Villi Sampling , Chromosome Disorders , Cytogenetics/methods , Down Syndrome/genetics , Female , Genetic Counseling , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Specimen Handling , Switzerland , Ultrasonography, PrenatalABSTRACT
In this report we present our experience based on 570 chorionic villi samplings performed by the transcervical method at 8 to 12 weeks gestation. Cytogenetic results were obtained for 551 samples, hence a failure rate of 3.33%. The previously described technique was modified by prolonging the incubation period to 48 hours. The total number of abnormalities was 26, which represents 4.71% of our sample. Of 24 chromosomal abnormalities, 21 were unbalanced and 3 were balanced of parental origin. Five discordant cases are thoroughly discussed.
Subject(s)
Chorionic Villi/ultrastructure , Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis , Prenatal Diagnosis , Chromosome Disorders , Female , Humans , Methods , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimester, First , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosisSubject(s)
Chorionic Villi/ultrastructure , Chromosome Aberrations , Prenatal Diagnosis/methods , Adult , Female , Genetics, Medical , Humans , Male , Mosaicism , Pregnancy , TrisomyABSTRACT
Ultrasound is becoming more and more important in the routine care of antenatal patients. It makes it possible to diagnose a certain number of fetal abnormalities and in particular fetoplacental oedema whether it is caused by immunological or other factors. If oedema is associated with fetal cardiac arrhythmic conditions it can in certain cases be treated and cured in utero. This work analyses 11 cases of fetal oedema diagnosed by routine ultrasound in the years between 1977 and 1984.
Subject(s)
Edema/diagnosis , Fetal Diseases/diagnosis , Tachycardia/diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Adult , Digoxin/therapeutic use , Edema/complications , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Tachycardia/complications , Tachycardia/drug therapy , Verapamil/therapeutic useABSTRACT
We report three cases of Turner syndrome 45,X/46,XX with spontaneous menstruations. Two patients had together four pregnancies with a normal girl, a malformed boy and two miscarriages. The outcome of the pregnancy in such a women is discussed with a review of the literature.
Subject(s)
Fertility , Genetic Counseling , Turner Syndrome/genetics , Abortion, Spontaneous , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y , Female , Humans , Male , Mosaicism , Pedigree , Pregnancy , Prenatal Diagnosis , TrisomyABSTRACT
True microcephaly can be diagnosed at an early stage of gestation by serial measurements of fetal head growth as demonstrated by this case report in which the diagnosis of genetic microcephaly was made but termination refused. True microcephaly was evident at birth.
