ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: postoperative intracerebral hemorrhage after drainage of chronic subdural hematoma is a rarely reported complication; however, its incidence, according to different series may be underestimated. CASE REPORT: this report presents a 77 year old male patient who, after the drainage of bilateral chronic subdural hematomas, developed an extensive hemorrhage in the thalami, basal ganglia, midbrain and pons, with extension into the ventricles and obstructive hydrocephalus. CONCLUSIONS: compression by extra-axial collection decreases cerebral blood flow on the affected hemisphere and alters its vascular self-adjustment. The rapid increase in cerebral blood flow in brain areas with altered vascular self-adjustment appears to be the precipitating mechanism of intracerebral hemorrhage after surgical evacuation of chronic subdural hematomas.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology , Drainage/adverse effects , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/therapy , Aged , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital malformations of ventral foregut development, often with an intrathoracic location. Presentation at the cervical region is very rare. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 29-year-old female who demonstrated a 3-cm medial neck mass in relation to the hyoid cartilage. The mass was painless with a rubbery consistency, moving with tongue movements. Cervical ultrasonography and thyroid scan were suggestive of nonfunctioning thyroglossal cyst. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of a cervical bronchogenic cyst. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical bronchogenic cyst is a rare congenital malformation that usually appears as a painless neck mass. Imaging findings are not specific for differentiating thyroid, thyroglossal, branchial or thymus cyst; therefore, clinical observation of an asymptomatic lateral neck mass in an adult should include the possibility of a bronchogenic cyst in the differential diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Bronchogenic Cyst/diagnosis , Neck , Thyroglossal Cyst/diagnosis , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , HumansABSTRACT
Introducción: el carcinoma metaplásico de la mama tipo células escamosas es una neoplasia maligna poco frecuente que representa un 0,04% de los carcinomas mamarios. Su diagnóstico clínico e imagenológico es complejo dado la similitud con lesiones benignas; sin embargo, su rápido crecimiento alerta sobre su comportamiento agresivo. Debido a los pocos casos en la literatura, no hay un consenso general sobre su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Se presenta un caso con el objetivo de hacer una revisión sobre el tema respecto al diagnóstico histopatológico y factores pronósticos. Caso clínico: se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 51 años, con una de masa de 6 cm en mama derecha, cuyos estudios ecográficos reportaron una probable lesión benigna (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System - BIRADS III). El estudio histopatológico revela una lesión tumoral maligna constituida por células escamosas que tapizan espacios quísticos. Materiales y métodos: para la revisión de la literatura se exploró la base de datos PubMed, con el fin de buscar revisiones sistemáticas, presentación de casos clínicos, estudios clínicos y epidemiológicos con las palabras clave metaplastic breast carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma, durante el período comprendido entre el 2000-2011. Conclusiones: histopatológicamente, el carcinoma metaplásico de células escamosas puede presentarse como una mezcla de adenocarcinoma con áreas dominantes de diferenciación escamosa, e incluso, en formas escamosas puras, representando plasticidad fenotípica del tumor. El sistema modificado de Scarf-Bloom-Richardson no es aplicable en esta lesión. Los factores pronósticos más importantes son la edad y el tamaño tumoral; sin embargo, algunos estudios consideran las metástasis nodales y el estado de los receptores.
Introduction: squamous cell-type metaplastic breast carcinoma is an unusual malign neoplasia, accounting for 0.04% of breast carcinomas. Its clinical and imagenologic diagnosis is complex, given its similarity with benign lesions; however, its rapid growth alerts doctors concerning its aggressive behavior. No general consensus was found about its diagnosis and treatment due to the few pertinent cases published to date in the literature. A case is presented, aimed at reviewing the topic regarding histopathological diagnosis and prognostic factors. Clinical case: a clinical case of a 51 year-old patient is presented; she had a 6 cm mass in her right breast and ecographic studies (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System - BIRADS III) reported a probable benign lesion. The histopathological study revealed a malignant tumor consisting of squamous cells lining cystic spaces. Materials and methods: the PubMed database was explored for the literature review, seeking systematic reviews, presentations of clinical cases, clinical and epidemiological studies, using the key words: metaplastic breast carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma and 2000-2011. Conclusions: histopathologically, metaplastic carcinoma of squamous cells could become presented as a mixture of adenocarcinoma having dominant areas of squamous differentiation and even pure squamous forms, representing the tumors phenotypical plasticity. The modified Scarff-Bloom-Richardson system was not applicable regarding this lesion. The most important prognostic factors were age and tumor size; however, some studies considered nodal metastasis and the state of the receptors.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Breast Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , MetaplasiaABSTRACT
Objetivo: el prolapso de la trompa uterina constituye una complicación quirúrgica poco frecuente y habitualmente ocurre de manera secundaria a la histerectomía vaginal. Dicha patología constituye un reto diagnóstico dado el espectro de lesiones benignas y malignas a nivel del cuello uterino. El presente reporte de casos tiene como objetivo revisar la literatura respecto a la etiología, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la entidad. Materiales y métodos: se presentan tres casos de prolapso de trompa uterina, así como una revisión de la literatura, a través de una búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos Medline vía PubMed, Hinari, SciELO y EMBASE, para recopilar información publicada, tanto en inglés como en español, de los últimos 5 años. Conclusión: el prolapso de trompa uterina poshisterectomía, ya sea vaginal o abdominal, es una complicación quirúrgica anómala. El diagnóstico definitivo se realiza por medio del estudio histopatológico, al evidenciar tejido tubárico asociado a un infiltrado inflamatorio. Para su tratamiento, diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas han sido propuestas con el objetivo de resecar, ya sea parcial o totalmente, la trompa prolapsada con reparo de la apertura vaginal.
Objective: fallopian tube prolapsed is a rare surgical complication, usually occurring secondary to vaginal hysterectomy. Such pathology forms a diagnostic challenge, given the spectrum of cervical benign and malign lesions. The present case reports were aimed at revising the literature regarding the pertinent etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Materials and methods: three cases of fallopian tube prolapse are presented, as well as a literature review involving a search of PubMed via Medline, Hinari, SciELO and EMBASE databases to compile relevant information published in both English and Spanish during the last 5 years. Conclusion: post-hysterectomy fallopian tube prolapse, whether vaginal or abdominal, is a rare surgical complication. Definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological study when tubal tissue associated with inflammatory infiltrate has been shown. Different surgical techniques have been proposed for its treatment aimed at partially or totally removing the prolapsed tube and repairing the vaginal opening.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Fallopian Tubes , ProlapseABSTRACT
We described a patient who had left trigeminal neuralgia by vertebro-basilar dolichoectasia, who underwent microvascular decompression separating the basilar artery of the trigeminal nerve by interposing a vascular graft piece. Symptoms resolved completely after surgery. Nine years later, he has a recurrence of facial pain associated with rapidly progressive brainstem compressive symptoms. The brain MRI showed the vertebro-basilar dolichoectasia exerting compression on the ventral-lateral aspect of the pons and the medulla. In cerebral angiography confirmed the presence of dilated tortuous vertebral arteries, basilar, and of both internal carotid. To our knowledge this is the first case of brain stem compression syndrome preceded by NT in patients with vertebro-basilar dolichoectasia and one of the few cases with coexistence of vertebro-basilar and bilateral carotid dolichoectasia.
