ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Renal involvement determines the prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. The aims of this study were to precise clinical, laboratory, therapeutic and evolutive aspects of lupus nephritis in Senegal in order to improve its management. PATIENTS AND METHODS: According to ACR criteria we included all patients presenting a systemic lupus erythematosus followed in internal medicine and in the dermatology services of university teaching hospital Aristide le Dantec of Dakar from January 1993 to December 2002. All the patients who didn't have a lupus nephritis defined by the existence of more than 0.5 g/24 h of proteinuria and or hematuria were excluded. RESULTS: The prevalence of lupus nephritis was 56.75% among 74 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Mean age was 29.6 years and sex ratio 0.13 (male to female). There was a nephritic syndrome in 45.23% of the cases and renal insufficiency in 37.71%. Renal biopsy performed in 52.38% of cases showed predominantly WHO classes IV and V. The key treatment was corticotherapy while immunosuppressive were used in 35.71%. The short term evolution was favourable but in the medium term, many patients were lost or followed up irregularly. CONCLUSION: To improve the management and the prognosis of lupus nephritis in Senegal it is necessary to make patients with a systemic lupus erythematosus sensitive to it and to make systematically urine tests aiming the screening for an early diagnosis of lupus nephritis. In addition we should have aggressive policies in order to lower the costs of immunosuppressive therapy and haemodialysis.
Subject(s)
Lupus Nephritis , Adolescent , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Adult , Age Factors , Biopsy , Child , Complement System Proteins/analysis , Female , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Humans , Immunoglobulins/blood , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Kidney/pathology , Lupus Nephritis/diagnosis , Lupus Nephritis/drug therapy , Lupus Nephritis/epidemiology , Lupus Nephritis/immunology , Lupus Nephritis/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Senegal/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Introduction : La nephropathie lupique fixe le pronostic du lupus systemique. Nos buts etaient de determiner au Senegal ses aspects; cliniques; paracliniques; therapeutiques et evolutifs afin de contribuer a sa meilleure prise en charge. Patients et methode : Nous avons; selon les criteres diagnostiques de l'ACR; inclus les patients lupiques; suivis dans les services de Medecine Interne et de Dermatologie du CHU Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar de Janvier 1993 a Decembre 2002. Etaient exclus ceux qui n'avaient pas une nephropathie lupique definie par l'existence d'une proteinurie superieure a 0;5 g/24 heures et/ou d'une hematurie. Resultats : La frequence hospitaliere de la nephropathie lupique etait de 56;75parmi 74 patients lupiques. L'age moyen etait de 29;6 ans et le sex-ratio de 0;13 (5 hommes; 37 femmes). Un syndrome nephrotique existait dans 45;23des cas et une insuffisance renale dans 37;71des cas. La ponction biopsie renale faite dans 52;38des cas; montrait une predominance des classes V et IV de l'OMS. Le traitement de base etait la corticotherapie. Les immunosuppresseurs etaient utilises dans 35;71des cas. L'evolution a court terme etait favorable mais a moyen terme elle ne pouvait pas etre appreciee du fait du nombre eleve de perdus de vue et de patients suivis irregulierement. Conclusion : Un depistage precoce; une meilleure sensibilisation des patients; une baisse du cout des immunosuppresseurs et une accessibilite des moyens d'epuration extra-renale; amelioreraient la prise en charge de la nephropathie lupique au Senegal
